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The Nano World

Nanotechnology involves controlling and manipulating matter at the nanoscale, between 1 to 100 nanometers. It enables new materials and devices to be developed with novel properties. Some applications of nanotechnology include more sensitive sensors, targeted drug delivery, water purification, disease detection, and improvements to solar energy efficiency. Researchers are also exploring uses of nanotechnology in agriculture to boost crop yields and livestock productivity through protection and monitoring of plants and detection of diseases.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
332 views13 pages

The Nano World

Nanotechnology involves controlling and manipulating matter at the nanoscale, between 1 to 100 nanometers. It enables new materials and devices to be developed with novel properties. Some applications of nanotechnology include more sensitive sensors, targeted drug delivery, water purification, disease detection, and improvements to solar energy efficiency. Researchers are also exploring uses of nanotechnology in agriculture to boost crop yields and livestock productivity through protection and monitoring of plants and detection of diseases.

Uploaded by

Nathan Viesel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Nano World

Nano world is the world at a microscopic level, as dealt with by


nanotechnology.

Nanotechnology is a part of science and technology about the control of


matter on the atomic and molecular scale - this means things that are about
1 - 100 nanometres.

One nanometer is a billionth of a meter

Nanotechnology includes making products that use parts this small (1-100
nanometres), such as electronic devices, catalysts, sensors, etc.
Nanotechnology can enable sensors to detect very small
amounts of chemical vapors.

Materials which by themselves are not very harmful can be


toxic to humans
= if they are inhaled in the form of nanoparticles

The effects of inhaled nanoparticles in the body may


include:
= lung inflammation and heart problems
Nanoparticles can likely be dangerous if they can get into the body
through the skin, lungs and digestive system.

Nanoparticles may damage the human lungs. The 'ultra-fine' particles


that can cause damage to human lungs originated from diesel machines,
power plants and incinerators

Nanoparticles (aerosol particles) suspended in gases play a role in …..


= cloud formation and environmental pollution that can be detrimental to
human health
The particles of aerosol, are among the many materials whose properties
cannot be fully measured until scientists develop a better method of studying
materials at the microscale as well as the much smaller nanoscale.

These properties of aerosol materials are chemical and mechanical.


Peak force infrared (PFIR) microscopy represents a fundamental
breakthrough that will enable multiple innovations in some areas.
These areas are the study of aerosol particles to the investigation of
heterogeneous and biological materials
PFIR microscopy will provide a powerful analytical tool for explorations at the
nanoscale across wide disciplines.
The chemical and mechanical information of the material are
simultaneously obtained by PFIR.
Nanotechnology is rapidly gaining traction across a range of industries,
from agriculture to water treatment to energy storage.
Nanotechnology first developed in 1959 as a way of manipulating matter at
the atomic and molecular level
In response to the growing population concerns, scientists in the
nanotechnoloy and nanoagriculture fields are focused on ……
determining how nanosized particles can increase crop and
livestock productivity
Nanoagriculture is a more recent application of nanotechnology. The
benefits are:
potential to protect plants, monitor plant growth, detect plant and
animal diseases, increase global food production, enhance food
quality and reduce waste
Everything on Earth is made up of atoms—the food we eat, the clothes we
wear, the buildings and houses we live in, and our own bodies.

Nanoscience and nanotechnology involve the ability to see and to control


individual atoms and molecules.

Once scientists had the right tools, such as the scanning tunneling
microscope (STM) and the atomic force microscope (AFM), the age of
nanotechnology was born.

Nanotechnology is improving the efficiency of fuel production from raw


petroleum materials through better catalysis.
One of the most exciting challenges of current science and technology is
that of “taming” the world of the smallest particles (atoms and molecules to
build new devices or instruments with these bricks.

This is the subject of so-called nanoscience and nanotechnology,


that will shape this century’s technology landscape.

Although PFIR does not work with liquid samples, it can measure the
properties of dried biological samples, including cell walls and protein
aggregates, achieving a 10-nm spatial resolution without staining or genetic
modification.
Cellular membranes are embedded with proteins that are nanometers in
size.
Nanoscale defects of materials exist that affect their mechanical
and chemical properties.

Nanoparticles for chemotherapy drug carriers have made some


of the greatest advancements in cancer treatment.

By using nanocarriers to treat patients, treatments can focus on


targeting cancerous cells and limit the damage to healthy cells
Some people have no access to any type of improved drinking water.”
This lack of access to clean, safe water poses dire health risks to much
of the world’s population, including: death from diarrheal disease,
schistosomiasis infection, and intestinal parasites.
Scientists and engineers are focused on applying nanotechology to
resolve these issues and make water safe and purified.

Nanotechnology applications for early disease detection are gaining a


significant amount of traction and attention.
Scientists are exploring the use of nanoparticles to raise a warning or
“biomarker” if a cancerous tumor or other disease is found.

Solar power is the future of energy storage, but it comes with a hefty
price tag.
Despite the costs associated with solar energy, the benefits are
significant, including sustainability and low maintenance.
In an effort to accelerate solar power advancements, researchers
are applying nanotechnology to solar energy.
For example, nanoparticles have been shown to enhance the
absorption of light, increase the conservation of light to
electricity, and provide better thermal storage and transport.
With these advancements, nanotechnology has the potential
to improve solar energy efficiency and reduce costs.

Nanotechnology holds some answers for how we might increase


the capabilities of electronics devices while we reduce their
weight and power consumption.
Nanotechnology is being used to develop solutions to very different
problems in water quality.
One challenge is the removal of industrial wastes, such as a cleaning
solvent called trichloroethylene (TCE), from groundwater. Nanoparticles
can be used to convert the contaminating chemical through a chemical
reaction to make it harmless.

Nanotechnology can enable sensors to detect very small amounts of


chemical vapors.
Various types of detecting elements, such as carbon nanotubes, zinc
oxide nanowires or palladium nanoparticles can be used in
nanotechnology-based sensors.
Making composite fabric with nano-sized particles or fibers allows
improvement of fabric properties without a significant increase in weight,
thickness, or stiffness as might have been the case with previously-used
techniques.

Anti-wrinkle creams that penetrate deeper into your skin, hair products that
keep your hair colour, sun creams that enable you to stay protected in the
sun from UV, and eyesight products that stay the need for reading glasses
are all either already using nanotechnology, or are currently being
researched.
Clothing products of nanotechnology:
Trendy clothes that repel water so they don’t get wet, that warm up when
it gets cold on the ski slopes, or cool down when you are on the beach.
Swimming trunks that hold 2% water rather than 50% so you go faster in
the water.
Clothes that don’t need washing because they don’t get dirty or smell.

Many scientists through nanotechnology are looking into ways to develop


clean, affordable, and renewable energy sources, along with means to
reduce energy consumption and lessen toxicity burdens on the
environment.
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