BI Tools

Dr. Akhter Raza

Tableau

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Informatica

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Informatica

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MSBI

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MSBI

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IBM Cognos

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Power BI

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MSBI

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Power BI Tools and Building Blocks?

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Course Elements

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Workflow of power BI Desktop

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Power BI?

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 What is Power BI?
• New Microsoft Business Intelligence product line
• Aimed at business power users and end-users
• Rich interactive reports, dashboards, charts, graphs, and maps
• Minimize clicks to complete tasks
• Open source/custom visualizations
• Remove Office 365 & SharePoint Online Requirements
History of Power BI
• PowerPivot – Excel add-in
• SQL Server 2012 SSAS Tabular Model
• Microsoft BI Semantic Model (BISM)
• PowerView
• Re-branding to Power BI
• SharePoint and Office 365 integration
• Power BI (December 2014)
• Power BI Service & Desktop GA (July 2015)
 What is Power BI Desktop?

According to Microsoft:

Power BI Desktop puts visual analytics at your fingertips

with intuitive report authoring. Drag-and-drop to place
content exactly where you want it on the flexible and fluid
canvas. Quickly discover patterns as you explore a single
unified view of linked, interactive visualizations.

Source: https://powerbi.microsoft.com/en-us/desktop
What is Power BI Desktop?
• Standalone design/development/rendering app with
deployment to Power BI Service
• Currently integrates:
• Power Query
• Power Pivot
• Power View
• New Power BI Desktop file extension .pbix
What is Power BI?
• PowerBI.com & Power BI Desktop
• Access on-prem sources:
SQL Oracle Teradata
MySQL PostgreSQL Sybase
Analytics Platform Service (APS, includes PDW)
IBM DB2 HDFS And more!
• Online data sources – Azure
• Built-in connectors for SaaS:
Salesforce Google Analytics GitHub
Zendesk SAP And more!
Two versions
PowerBI.com

Power BI Desktop
Introduction to Power BI
Ch. 1

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what exactly PBI Do?

1. Import data
2. Model data
3. Create reports and dashboards
4. Publish Reports

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1. ETL—Extract transform and load
• Import data from a wide variety of sources. This covers
corporate databases to desktop files, social media to big
data.
• Merge data from multiple sources and shape it into a
coherent structure.
• Cleanse your data to make it reliable and easy to use.
• Break down the data into the rows and columns that suit
your requirements.

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 2. Modeling Your Data

• Create a data model by joining tables to develop a coherent data

structure from multiple separate sources of data. This data model is
then used in dashboards.

• Enrich the data model by applying coherent names and data types.

• Create calculations and prepare the core metrics that you want to
use in your analyses and presentations.
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3. Creating Reports and Dashboards
• Tables
• Matrices
• Charts
• Maps
• Gauges
• Text and Images
• KPIs
Users can “slice and dice” the data “on the fly” in real
time using • Slicers and • Filters 24
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Power BI Desktop Files

Power BI Desktop lets you create multiple pages in a single file.

Each collection of pages that is based on the same underlying
data is called a report.

A Power BI Desktop file contains all the dashboards and all the
data that is needed by each element (called a visualization) on
each page. So, a Power BI Desktop file is completely self-
contained.
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 The Power BI Universe
• PowerBI.Com: An Azure-based service where you can create
and share data and dashboards.

• Power BI Desktop: Core tool use to create reports. This can

involve connecting to multiple data sources and modelling
and cleansing the source data.

• Power BI Report Server: An on-premises server that allows

you to distribute and deliver reports inside a corporate
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 The Power BI Universe
• Power BI Mobile Apps: allow you to view and interact with
Power BI reports and dashboards on Windows, iOS, and
Android devices.
• Power BI Apps: a method of collecting and deploying
purpose built dashboards and reports for tailored groups of
users in the cloud.
• Power BI Embedded: An Azure service that enables
application developers to add interactive Power BI reports
into their own applications.
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 The Power BI Universe
• Power BI Gateway: Allows you to connect the Azure-based
Power BI service to on-premises data sources and automate
data refresh.

• Third-party visuals: A collection of visual elements, often

created by third parties. You can add these visuals to your
Power BI reports and dashboards.

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 Installing Power BI Desktop

Go to the Power BI Desktop download page on the Microsoft

web site.

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=45331

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Power BI Desktop

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First PBI Desktop Dashboard

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First PBI Desktop Dashboard

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First Power BI Desktop Dashboard

1. Click Get Data in the startup screen and

load CarSales.Xlsx file and choose
BaseData worksheet
2. a sigma (Σ) indicates the field is numeric

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 First Power BI Desktop Dashboard

3. In the Visualizations pane, click the matrix

icon

4. Leaving created matrix selected, click the

CountryName in the Fields list

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 First Power BI Desktop Dashboard

5. Drag the ReportingYear field into the Visualizations pane over

the Columns fields area (this is called the field well)
6. click the check box to SalePrice in the Fields list. The aggregated
sale price for all vehicles sold by country and by year will appear
in the matrix.
7. Drag the corner handle of the matrix to resize it so that there is
no spare whitespace inside the matrix itself.

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First Dashboard

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Adding a Column Chart of DeliveryCharge

1. Click an empty area of the dashboard canvas to unselect any

visualizations
2. Drag the Model field onto an empty area of the dashboard
canvas it automatically creates a table displaying all the vehicle
models sold.
3. Drag the DeliveryCharge field onto the table just created. Power
BI Desktop will calculate the total DeliveryCharge for each
available make

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Adding a Column Chart of DeliveryCharge

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Adding a Column Chart of DeliveryCharge

4. Leaving table selected, click the clustered column chart icon in

the Visualizations pane. Power BI Desktop will switch the table
to a chart.
5. Drag the corner handle of the chart to resize it

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Adding a Map of LaborCost by Country

1. Click any empty part of the dashboard

2. Click the map icon in the Visualizations pane
3. click the CountryName field this will display a map of the world
4. drag the LaborCost field onto the map. This will highlight any
countries where there are laborcosts relating to vehicles sold.
5. Drag the colored European countries to the center of the map
6. Zoom in to the colored European countries

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Adding a Map of LaborCost by Country

7. Hover the mouse over a country you will see the labor cost for
that country

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 Adding Card Showing TotalCost of
SpareParts
1. Click the dashboard canvas to unselect any visualizations
2. Click the card icon in the Visualizations pane
3. Leaving the (slightly clunky) empty card
4. click SpareParts field. This displays the spare parts total in the
source data.
4. Drag the corner handle of the matrix to resize it

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 Adding a Slicer by Make
1. Drag the Make field to a blank area on the dashboard canvas.
Power BI Desktop will create a list of vehicle models.
2. Click the slicer icon in the Visualizations pane2. Click the card
icon in the Visualizations pane
3. test the slicer by selecting—or deselecting—any car model that
is listed in the slicer. The other visualizations on the dashboard
will instantly be updated to reflect the choice of models.
4. This slicer can be used to filter data

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 Final look of dashboard

1. Arranging the Dashboard

2. Moving a Visualization
3. Resizing a Visualization
4. Check the Interactivity in Dashboards

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Final look of dashboard

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 Formatting Reports

1. Power BI Desktop allows you to create

reports with multiple visuals in record
2. Select an existing visual
3. Click the “paint roller” icon
4. Click Border and click the color palette
and select a color for the border
5. Click the color palette and select a color
for the background color
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 Formatting Reports

6. Change the title text to Delivery Charges

7. Click table and Expand the Grid section of the Format Pane
Switch on the vertical and horizontal grids
8. Expand the Data colors section of the Format Pane and change
table text color

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 Creating and Modifying Reports

1. Power BI Desktop makes it easy to add, copy, and delete the

pages in your original file so that you can create complex data
reports

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 Creating and Modifying Reports

1. You should try Adding Pages.

2. Renaming Pages
3. Deleting Pages
4. Moving Pages
5. Duplicating Pages
6. Scrolling Through Collections of Pages

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End of Ch. 1
Extracting data from files
Ch. 2

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Data Sources
Fetching data from different variety of sources

• File: Includes Excel files, CSV (comma-separated values) files, text

files, JSON files, and XML files. Power BI Desktop can even load
entire folders full of files.

• Database: A comprehensive collection of relational databases that are

currently in the workplace and in the cloud, including MS Access,
SQL Server, and Oracle and many many more

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Data Sources
• Azure: This option lets you see an immense range of data types that is
hosted in the Microsoft Cloud. This covers data formats from SQL
Server through to big data sources.

• Online services: These sources range from SharePoint lists to

SalesForce, Dynamics 365 to Facebook—and many, many
others.

• Other: A considerable and ever-growing range of data sources, from

Facebook to Microsoft Exchange.
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File Sources

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 A CSV File

• Comma separated values

• May contain header row which actually have column name
• Have a .csv extension
• Use a comma to separate the elements in a row. This, too, is a
default that can be overridden by selecting a delimiter
• End with a line feed, carriage return

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 Extracting from CSV Files

• Open Power BI Desktop and close the splash screen

• In Home ribbon, click the Get Data button
• Click File on the left
• Click Text/CSV on the right of the dialog
• Click Connect. The Open dialog will appear
• Navigate to the folder containing the file and choose Countries.csv
• Click Open

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 Extracting from CSV Files

• Click the Edit button. The Power BI Desktop Query window

appears
• First 200 rows
• Entire data set
• Do not detect data type

• Close the query editor window

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Text Files
• Can have something other than a comma to separate the
elements in a list. Delimiter can be specified at loading

• Should normally have the extension .txt

• must be perfectly formed; that is, every record (row) must

have the same number of elements as every other record

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Text Files
• Must not contain anything other than the dataset if you want a
flawless data load

• If encounters difficulties, it should import the data as a single

column that we can then try and split up into multiple columns

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Opening Text Files in Power BI
• Click Get Data ➤ Text/CSV. The Open dialog will be
displayed
• Navigate to the folder containing the file CountryList.txt
• Click Open double-click the file name rather than click Open.
• Click the Cancel button because we do not really need it

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File Delimiters Data Type Detection
• Colon Read the first 200 rows
• Comma Read the entire file
• Equals sign No data type detection
• Semicolon
• Space
• Tab character

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XML Files

• XML, or Extensible Markup Language

• Click the small triangle on the Get Data button, and then click
More in the menu that appears. Select File and XML.
• Click Connect. The Open dialog will appear.
• Navigate to the folder containing the file and ColoursTable.xml
• Click Open. The Navigator dialog will open.
• Click the Colours dataset The contents of XML file will be
displayed
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XML Files

• Click the check box to the left of the Colors dataset on the left.
The Load and Edit buttons will be enabled.
• Click the Edit button. The Power BI Desktop Data window will
display the contents of the XML file.
• Click the Close and Apply button in the Power BI Desktop
Data window. You will see that the Colors dataset appears in
the Fields list on the right of the screen

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Importing Excel file

• Open a new, blank Power BI Desktop file.

• In the File menu, select Import ➤ Excel Workbook
• Select an existing Excel file containing Power View or Power
Pivot items. Select CarSalesForPowerBI.xlsx
• Click Open
• Power BI Desktop will import any compatible items and
display the import screen Click Start.
• Power BI Desktop will begin to load and convert data and
elements from Excel. Dr Akhter Raza 64
Importing Excel file

• Once the import process has successfully finished, Power BI

Desktop will display the summary dialog
• Click Close. The items become a Power BI Desktop report

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Importing Excel file

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Microsoft Access Databases

• In the Power BI Desktop ribbon, click Get Data ➤ More ➤

Database and select Access Database in the Get Data dialog.
• Click Connect ClientsDatabase.accdb
• Select the Access file and click OK. The Navigator dialog
appears; it lists all the
• tables and queries in the Access database.
• Select ClientList dataset

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Microsoft Access Databases

• Click Load. The Power BI Desktop window opens and displays

the table in the Fields list in the Report window

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Error to connect 32 or 64 bit version

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Connecting to JSON file

• JavaScript Object Notation

• In the Power BI Desktop ribbon, click Get Data ➤ File and
select JSON
• Click Connect and navigate to the folder containing the JSON
file Colors.json
• Click Open
• Click the Apply Changes button at the top of the Power BI
Desktop window
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Loading Multiple Files from a Directory
• Open a new Power BI Desktop file
• Click Get Data ➤ File, and select
• Click Connect. The Folder dialog will appear
• Click the Browse and navigate to folder MultipleIdenticalFiles
• Click OK
• Click Combine ➤ Combine and Load
• Select one of the source files to serve as a model for the
structure of all the files to load
• Click OK Dr Akhter Raza 71
Loading Multiple Files from a Directory

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Loading the Contents of a Folder

• Open a new Power BI Desktop file.

• Click Get Data ➤ File, and select Folder
from the options on the right of the dialog.
• Click Connect. The Folder dialog will appear.
• Navigate to the folder containing several identically structured
text files MultipleIdenticalFiles
• Click OK. The contents of the folder will be displayed.
• Click Load. A series of predefined fields will appear
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Adding Your Own Data

• Click Enter Data. The Create Table dialog will appear.

• Click the asterisk to the right of Column1 to add a column.
• Enter the data that you need.
• Enter a name for the table
• Click Load to load the data

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End of Ch. 2
Extracting Data from Databases &
Data Warehouses
Ch. 3

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Relational Database vendors
SQL Server Access database
SQL SSAS database Oracle database
IBM DB2 database IBM Informix database
IBM Netezza MySQL database
Sybase database Teradata database
SAP HANA database

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 Connecting with SQL Server
1. Open a new PBI application
2. Click Get Data button  SQL Server
3. Enter Server name
4. Enter atabase name BikeStores
5. Click the Import button
6. Click check boxes for selecting
tables to load
7. Press load button

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Sel
ect
the
dat
ab
ase
tab
les
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Database Connection Options

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Connect to SQL server using a SQL
Statement

1. Get Data  SQL Server

2. Server name DESKTOP-T94NDVF
& database name  BikeStores
3. Enter the SQL command that you
want to enter in this case
SELECT * FROM sales.orders

4. Click OK

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Conn
ect to
SQL
server
using
a
SQL
State
ment
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 Extracting from CSV Files

• Click the Edit button. The Power BI Desktop Query window

appears
• First 200 rows
• Entire data set
• Do not detect data type

• Close the query editor window

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End of Ch. 3
 Using Data by
Direct Query and Connect Live
Ch. 4

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What is DirectQuery or ConnectDirect
Connect directly to the data source and avoid having to download the
data. This technique is called DirectQuery

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 How DirectQuery different from data load
• Don't load data into PBI. Instead, use it directly from database server
• As we don't load a copy of the data therefore we can‘t work offline
• Connection to source database is usually extremely fast
• Data is fetched specifically when required on new visual
• It do not need to refresh data source if ever the data is updated in source
database or data warehouse
• All the data is available from source database or DW
• Data is refreshed every time you apply a slicer or a filter
• At a time only one DirectQuery can be used to connect to database or DW
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 Microsoft SQL Server Data
1. Open a new PBI Desktop application
2. Get Data SQL Server click the small triangle at the bottom of dialog
3. Enter server name used by your organization DESKTOP-T94NDVF
4. Enter the database name BikeStores
5. Select the DirectQuery button
6. If you keep Sql Statement box blank then all tables are linked otherwise the
tables specified in the query are associated
SELECT * FROM sales.orders
7. Click load or Transform
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DirectCo
nnect
with
Microsof
t SQL
Server
Data
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DirectCo
nnect
with
Microsof
t SQL
Server
Data
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End of Ch. 4
Loading Data from Cloud
Ch. 5

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Creating an account on AZURE for free
1. Click on the link below

https
://www.google.com/aclk?sa=l&ai=DChcSEwjEg-TJrK_lAhVFh9UKHb
Q9D4AYABAAGgJ3cw&sig=AOD64_0EaAvQtVinab4RbMf8nQ0iUR
MzWA&q=&ved=2ahUKEwioltzJrK_lAhUGUhoKHb9lC4IQ0Qx6BA
gQEAE&adurl
=

2. Click Start for Free

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Creating an account on AZURE for free

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AZURE free Services

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Connect to AZURE
database (DirectQuery)
1. Open a new Power BI Desktop application.
2. Click on Get Data button
3. Click Azure  Azure SQL Database
4. Click Connect (an Azure SQL database is a
SQL Server database—but in the cloud)
5. Click Direct Query
6. Enter Azure SQL Database server name. The
SQL Server Database dialog will look like as
shown on next slide
7. Select desired tables and press Load
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Connect to AZURE
database (DirectQuery)

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End of Ch. 5