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Sound & Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is defined as unwanted sound that disrupts human or animal activity. Sources of noise pollution include transportation like traffic, industrial machinery, construction sites, and neighborhood appliances. Noise pollution can cause auditory effects like deafness as well as non-auditory effects like annoyance, physiological issues, and loss of work efficiency. India has standards for noise limits in different areas set by the Central Pollution Control Board. Noise pollution can be controlled at its source, along its transmission path, or at the receiver through various techniques.

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Dr. Bhaswati Bhattacharya
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63 views

Sound & Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is defined as unwanted sound that disrupts human or animal activity. Sources of noise pollution include transportation like traffic, industrial machinery, construction sites, and neighborhood appliances. Noise pollution can cause auditory effects like deafness as well as non-auditory effects like annoyance, physiological issues, and loss of work efficiency. India has standards for noise limits in different areas set by the Central Pollution Control Board. Noise pollution can be controlled at its source, along its transmission path, or at the receiver through various techniques.

Uploaded by

Dr. Bhaswati Bhattacharya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NOISE POLLUTION

Definition, Sources, effects, standard , control


DEFINITION
 Noise is an unwanted displeasing human-,
animal- or machine-created sound that disrupts
the activity or balance of human or animal life.
 Technical definition of noise :Irregular
fluctuations that accompany a transmitted
electrical signal but are not part of it and tend to
obscure it.
 Originated from the Latin word nausea.
TYPES OF SOUND WAVES
 Transverse Waves  Longitudinal Waves
the waves in each particle of the here the waves in each particle
medium executes vibrations about of the medium executes
its mean position and is
vibrations in its mean position
perpendicular to the direction of
the waves.
in the direction of the
propagation of the wave..
PROPERTIES OF NOISE
2 basic properties - loudness and frequency.
 Loudness is the strength of sensation of sound
perceived by the individual
 Measured in terms of decibels.

 Frequency is defined as the number of vibrations


per second.
 It is denoted as Hertz (hz)

 People can hear sound from 16 (Infra audible) to


20000 (ultrasonic ) hz.
SOURCES OF NOISE
SOURCES OF NOISE

●
Land transport - road & rail
Traffic noise ●

●
Air Transport
Water transport

Industrial ●

●
Machineries & processes
Occupational noise
Noise ●
Commercial places , construction sites

Neighbourho ●

●
Electrical appliances
Social & religious ceremonies
od Noise ●
Political rallies
INTENSITY OF SOME NOISE SOURCE
Source Intensity dB
Breathing 10
Soft whisper 20 - 30
Library 30 -35
Normal conversation 35 - 40
Telephone 60
Alarm clock 70-80
Motor cycle 105
Jet fly ( over 1000’) 100 - 110
Commercial jet 120-140
Pneumatic drill 110-120
Space rocket launching 70 - 180
Office noise 60 - 80
EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION
 Auditory effects – auditory fatigue and deafness.
 Non auditory effects

1. Interference with speech communication

2. Annoyance

3. Loss of working efficiency

4. Physiological disorders –constricts the


arteries, increase the flow adrenaline and
forces the heart to work faster.
NOISE POLLUTION & HEALTH HAZARD
Noise Intensity dB Health hazards
80 Annoyance
90 Hearing damage
110 Stimulation of reception in skin
120 Pain threshold
130-135 Nausea, vomiting, dizziness
140 Pain in ear
150 Burning of skin
160 Rupture of tympanic membrane
170 Major permanent damage in short time
STANDARD
 In
India the noise standard is set by Central
Pollution Control Board, which is as follows-

Area code Category of area Limits in dB


Day time Night time
A Industrial area 75 70

B Commercial Area 65 55

C Residential area 55 45

D Silence Zone 50 40
CONTROL OF NOISE
 At source control –
1. Designing and fabricating silencing devices in
air –craft engines, automobiles industrial
machines and home appliances.
2. By segregating the noisy machines.
3. Development of improved gadgets with lesser
sound.
CONTROL OF NOISE
 Noise Pollution

Control at source Control at path Control at the receiver


Reduction in amplitude alteration of frequency path deflection
of resonant element
Reduction of frictional Increase of energy Building Layouts
force dissipation
Reduction of impacts Absorption
Vibration Isolation Provision of enclosures
THE PATH OR TRANSMISSION CONTROL
• Acoustic enclosure – putting close fitting enclosure
around the machine
• Noise barrier –constructing walls with hard and dense
materials to reflect sound
• Silencers – it may reduces sound transmission by
either absorbing or reflecting the sound.
• Sound proof building - Covering room walls with
sound absorbers as acoustic tiles on ceiling & wall,
porous panels, heavy curtains, rugs on floor etc.
CONTROL (CONTINUED…..)
 Protect exposed person- provide wearing device
like ear plugs & ear muffs.
 To create vegetation cover - plants absorb and
dissipate sound energy, trees like Ashok, Neem,
Tamarind etc.
 Noise pollution control through law – Creation of
silence zones, restriction in honking, playing
loudspeaker.
 Noise has been included under Air Pollution under
Air Pollution Control Act.
 Awareness & Education among the public.

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