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What Is HCI?: HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) Is The Study of How People

HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with computers and how well computers facilitate interaction with human beings. The goal of HCI is to design better computing systems by understanding how and why human-computer interaction breaks down. HCI incorporates humans as an additional constraint in the design of computing systems, taking into account human physical and mental capabilities alongside the technical capabilities of computers.

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45 views

What Is HCI?: HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) Is The Study of How People

HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with computers and how well computers facilitate interaction with human beings. The goal of HCI is to design better computing systems by understanding how and why human-computer interaction breaks down. HCI incorporates humans as an additional constraint in the design of computing systems, taking into account human physical and mental capabilities alongside the technical capabilities of computers.

Uploaded by

Almeda Asuncion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is HCI?

HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people


interact with computers and to what extent computers are or are
not developed for successful interaction with human beings.

https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~rxb/Teaching/HCI%20II/intro.html
https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
Why do we do HCI

Every engineering discipline includes the study of


breakdowns and the design of improved / or
new solutions that address those breakdowns
Why do we do HCI

Understanding how and why human interaction breaks down is


fundamental to designing better computing systems

This study must include computer scientists, as we are the ones


creating the technology
HCI is an extension of traditional

We design, scale, and evaluate computing systems for particular


tasks (e.g., parallel programming, network routing)

HCI incorporates humans into the computing system


Humans as an additional constraint

Any computer system must be designed taking into account


- the physical constraints of the machine (e.g., processor speed,
networking capabilities)
- the human physical and mental constraints (e.g., attention,
memory)
- (should we add, social level constraints?)
http://www.pgbovine.net/what-is-hci-research.htm
A history of HCI
Calculating devices in antiquity

https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
Konrad Zuse (1910-1995)
Invented the world’s first programmable computer (in 1941)

This remained the only working computer in Europe up to 1951

https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
ENIAC
(~1946)
First electronic numerical integrator and computer in the US

Construction contract was signed in 1943

The first programmers of the ENIAC were six women (“Refrigerator


Ladies”)
Memex
(1945)

https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/303881/
Memex
(1945)

“wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear,


ready made with a mesh of associative trails running
through them…”
Memex
(1945)
Memex
(1945)
“If the user wishes to consult a certain book, he taps its
code on the keyboard…”

“Frequently-used codes are mnemonic, so that he seldom


consults his code book;”

“He can add marginal notes and comments … even … by a


stylus scheme”

“All this is conventional…”


SketchPad by Ivan Sutherland at
MIT (1963)

https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
SketchPad by Ivan Sutherland

https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse440/videos/history/AlanKay1987-Sketchpad.m4v
SketchPad by Ivan Sutherland at
MIT (1963)
Direct manipulation of objects

SketchPad paved the way for the Graphical User Interface

Sutherland’s PhD thesis also defined the terms “objects” and “instance”

SketchPad is the first object-oriented programming system


https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
First mouse by Engelbard at
Stanford (1963)

https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
Nothing eventful happened in the
next 10 years…
Xerox Alto (1973)
Xerox Alto
VisiCalc (1979)
VisiCalc was the Killer App for
Personal Computers
Turned the microcomputer from a hobby for nerds into a serious
thing

Because of it, IBM introduced the IBM PC 2 years later

Suddenly, small and large business bought computers


With the emergence of personal
computing in the late 1970s, everyone
became a potential computer user
With the emergence of personal
computing in the late 1970s, everyone
became a potential computer user…

… but computer users still had to


deal with arcane commands and
system dialogs
Xerox Star
(1981)
Xerox Star
Apple Lisa
(1981)
Apple Lisa
(1981)
Apple Mac
(1984)
Windows 1.0
(1985)
Windows 1.0
(1985)
Windows 1.0
(1985)
Windows 2.0
(1987)
Windows 2.0
(1987)
Windows 3.0
(1990)
Windows 3.0
(1990)
World Wide Web (1990)

https://www.slideshare.net/agaszostek/history-and-future-of-human-computer-interaction-hci-and-interaction-design
https://ucldigitalpress.co.uk/Book/Article/17/42/1216/

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