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Beam Management Techniques

The document discusses 3GPP beam management techniques that are essential for delivering 5G's high data rate and capacity goals. It describes how beam steering and beamforming use multiple antenna arrays to focus wireless signals in specific directions through phase shifting. Beamforming requires channel feedback to dynamically control the beam shape and direction in real time. New 5G initial access techniques use beam sweeping to identify the strongest signal and establish a communication link between devices.

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110 views

Beam Management Techniques

The document discusses 3GPP beam management techniques that are essential for delivering 5G's high data rate and capacity goals. It describes how beam steering and beamforming use multiple antenna arrays to focus wireless signals in specific directions through phase shifting. Beamforming requires channel feedback to dynamically control the beam shape and direction in real time. New 5G initial access techniques use beam sweeping to identify the strongest signal and establish a communication link between devices.

Uploaded by

Barbaros Yabaci
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3GPP Beam Management

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), beam steering, and beamforming are


among the most talked-about technologies in 5G. They are essential to delivering
the 100x data rates and the 1000x capacity goals specified in the International
Mobile Telecommunications-2020 (IMT-2020) vision.

Beam Management Techniques

Beam steering and beamforming are additional techniques that use multiple
antennas to create directional transmissions that must accurately point at the
receiving device.

Beam steering is a set of techniques used to focus the direction and width of a
radiation pattern. In wireless communications, beam steering changes the
direction of the signal while beam refinement narrows the width of the
transmitted signal. Both actions are typically performed by manipulating the phase
shift of the signal through an array of multiple antenna elements.

Beamforming applies different phase shifts to each antenna element to shape and
provide discrete control of the direction of a transmitted beam. Beamforming
requires communication channel feedback to implement real-time control of the
beam. Both beamforming and beam steering incorporate channel feedback to
manipulate the beam shape and direction in real time. Spatial multiplexing with
beamforming increases signal robustness with the added advantage of improved
throughput.
5G NR Release 15 specifies new procedures for initial access and attach when establishing the
New initial access techniques use beam sweeping to have the base station wireless link connection. Since neither the device nor the base station knows the other’s
transmit multiple beams and then identify the strongest beam and establish a location, the base station uses beam sweeping to transmit channel information in sync blocks
communication link. across the spectrum as shown in Figure 2. The UE determines the strongest match and
transmits back to the base station. Once the base station knows the direction of the UE, it
establishes a communication link.
Beam steering and beam switching Massive MIMO

Beam steering is achieved by changing the phase of the input signal on all Multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) antennas have long been a feature of
radiating elements. Phase shifting allows the signal to be targeted at a specific commercial public wireless and Wi-Fi systems, but 5G demands the application of
receiver. An antenna can employ radiating elements with a common frequency massive MIMO. To increase the resiliency (signal-to-noise ratio / SNR) of a
to steer a single beam in a specific direction. Different frequency beams can transmitted signal and the channel capacity, without increasing spectrum usage, a
also be steered in different directions to serve different users. The direction a common frequency can be steered simultaneously in multiple directions.
signal is sent in is calculated dynamically by the base station as the endpoint The successful operation of MIMO systems requires the implementation of
moves, effectively tracking the user. If a beam cannot track a user, the endpoint powerful digital signal processors and an environment with lots of signal
may switch to a different beam. interference, or "spatial diversity"; that is a rich diversity of signal paths between
the transmitter and the receiver.
Beam

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