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Plant Layout: By: Shobhit Kumar

The document discusses different types of plant layouts including product layout, process layout, and fixed position layout. Product layout arranges machines in a straight line based on the sequence of operations for mass production of a single product. Process layout groups similar machines together to allow for flexibility and variety of products. Fixed position layout keeps the product fixed while allowing movement of materials, labor, and equipment to complete complex products with minimal movement costs. The document provides examples, advantages, and disadvantages of each layout type.

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PRIYANK
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223 views

Plant Layout: By: Shobhit Kumar

The document discusses different types of plant layouts including product layout, process layout, and fixed position layout. Product layout arranges machines in a straight line based on the sequence of operations for mass production of a single product. Process layout groups similar machines together to allow for flexibility and variety of products. Fixed position layout keeps the product fixed while allowing movement of materials, labor, and equipment to complete complex products with minimal movement costs. The document provides examples, advantages, and disadvantages of each layout type.

Uploaded by

PRIYANK
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Plant Layout

By: Shobhit Kumar


Objectives
 Provide enough production capacity.
 Improve productivity
 Reduce accidents
 Full utilization of resources
 Smooth supervision
 Minimize material handling and transportation
 Optimum utilization of men, machine, space and equipment.
 Smooth flow of material towards plant.
 Effective Planning and Control over equipments and process.
 Provide health and safety for the employee.
Principles of Plant Layout
 Principle of Minimum Travel.
 Principle of Sequence.
 Principle of Usage
 Principle Of Flexibility
 Principle of Safety and satisfaction.
 Principle of Minimum Investment.
 Principle of Compactness
Factors Affecting Plant Layout
 Material
 Machines
 Equipments
 Human
 Manufacturing Process
 Characteristics of Building
 Transportation
Types Of Layout
Product Layout
 Also called as straight line layout, layout for serialized
manufacture
 If the nature of layout depends upon the type of product
and quantity of production then the layout is known as
Product Layout.
 In this type of layout the machines are arranged in a
straight line, depending upon the sequence of the
operations.
 In this layout the output of the one machine becomes the
input of the other machines.
 This layout is suitable for the continuous production.
 It is used for the mass production of a single product.
 Special purpose machines can be used
Application of Product Layout
 Automobiles, Chemical industries
 Bottling Plant, Petroleum products
 Paper Industries, Cement factories
 Sugar Industries, Rolling mills
Advantages of Product Layout
 Better utilization of machines
 Avoid bottle neck production
 Shorter processing time
 Cost of production is less
 Production control is simple and easier
 Early detection of mistakes
 Greater incentives to the workers to raise their
level of performance.
 Effective coordination can be achieved
Disadvantages of Product
Layout
 Expensive
 Inflexible
 Difficulty in supervision
 Expansion is difficult
 Not suitable for variety if the products
 Breakdown can stop the whole production system.
 Requires trained workers
 Factor of absenteeism in labors
Process Layout
 Also called as functional layout, batch production layout,
Job shop layout.
 It involves a grouping together of like or same machines
in one department.
 In this type of layout machines which are performing
same types of operations are installed at one place.
 In other words we can say that in this type of layout
machines are arranged in a systematic manner so that
similar jobs can be perform at a particular work station.
 This type of layout is used in engineering industries,
furniture industries, television industries, garment
industries, shoe making industries.
Advantages of Process
Layout
 Greater flexibility in production
 Scope of expansion
 Full utilization of equipment
 Easy to handle the break downs
 General purpose machines are used
 Greater incentives to the individual workers
 Variety of the products can be made.
 Workers become specialized in the performance and
they know the equipments and the operations
 Effective supervision
 Economical to produce the variety of products
Disadvantages of Process
Layout
 Movement of material is difficult.
 Requires much floor space
 Difficulty in production control
 Routing and Scheduling are difficult
 Highly skilled labor is required
 More frequent inspection
 Material handling and transportation cost are high
due to manual handling.
Fixed Position Layout
 Also called as static layout, stationary layout.
 As the position of the job is fixed that’s why it is called fixed
layout.
 In this layout complete job is done at a fixed place with men,
materials, machines.
 It involves the movement of men, machines, materials to the
product which remains fixed.
 This type of layout is used for complex products.
 In this the movement of men, machines, material to the product is
advisable because the cost of moving them would be low rather
than the cost of moving a bulky product.
 The main stress is on the principle of motion economy and
principle of minimum distance travelled
Application of Fixed Plant
Layout
 Locomotives
 Ships
 Aircrafts
 Boilers
 Generators
 Submarines
 Turbines
Advantages Of Fixed plant
Layout
 Better utilization of space
 Better Economy of motion
 Investment is small
 Production control is easier, faster and cheaper.
 Application of variety of job production
 Workers identify themselves with the product and
takes pride when the work is completed.
Disadvantages Of Fixed plant
Layout
 Movement of machines and equipment to
the production center may be costly and
time consuming.
 Highly skilled workers are required
 Can be used for limited quantity of jobs.
 Very costly, sophisticated jigs and fixtures
required.
Fixed Position Layout

All the resources are moving toward a specific place


Material

Labour PRODUCT Equipment

Services
Process Layout

Turning Grinding Fitting Inspection


Office
Stores Tools Store Stock Room Labeling Packing
Product Layout
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