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Number System: Teaching Learning

The document discusses various number systems used in computing including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. It provides details on how to convert between these number systems, describes binary arithmetic operations, and discusses signed and unsigned number representations. It also covers other related topics such as fixed point and floating point number representation, binary coded decimal, Gray code, excess-3 code, ASCII, EBCDIC, and grouping of bits into bytes and words.

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BSTC153 Vanitha G
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82 views

Number System: Teaching Learning

The document discusses various number systems used in computing including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. It provides details on how to convert between these number systems, describes binary arithmetic operations, and discusses signed and unsigned number representations. It also covers other related topics such as fixed point and floating point number representation, binary coded decimal, Gray code, excess-3 code, ASCII, EBCDIC, and grouping of bits into bytes and words.

Uploaded by

BSTC153 Vanitha G
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BISHOP HEBER COLLEGE(AUTONOMOUS)

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY


(Nationally Re-accredited with A Grade by NAAC with a CGPA of 3.58 out of 4)
(Recognized by UGC as “College of Excellence”
Tiruchirappalli-620017,INDIA, www.bhc.edu.in

TEACHING LEARNING

NUMBER SYSTEM
Ms. G. VANITHA, MCA., M.Phil., B. Ed., NET,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Information Technology ,
Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli-620-017
F 9 C

The Number system


123456789ABCDEF

0 4

1 A 3
Number system

• Binary Number system-base value-2


• Octal Number system- Base value-8
• Decimal Number system-Base Value-10
• Hexadecimal Number system-16 (0-9,A,B,C,E, & F)
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM
• Base value- 2
• The numbers are 0 and 1
OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM

• base value or radix=8


• The numbers are (0,1,2, … 7)
DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

• base value or radix=10


• The numbers are (0,1,2, … 9)
HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM
• Base value 16
• The numbers are 0,1,2, ……9, A,B,C,D,E, and F
BINARY TO DECIMAL CONVERSION

• (10110) 2= ( )10
BINARY TO DECIMAL CONVERSION
DECIMAL TO BINARY
BINARY to HEXADECIMAL
• Start from LSB, Each group of 4 bits replaced by its decimal equivalent.
• Ex
11110110101 = 0111 1011 01 01
7 B 5
Binary to decimal conversion
• Base value of binary =2
• Base value of decimal=10
Octal Number System

• Decimal to octal conversion base value or radix=8


• 8 ^0 =1 (0,1,2, … 7)
• Octal to decimal conversion
• Octal to binary conversion
• Binary to octal conversion
Hexadecimal Number system
• Base value 16
• The numbers are 0,1,2, ……9, A,B,C,D,E, and F
Decimal to Hexadecimal conversion
(115 D) = H.D
(235 D)= H.D
HEXADECIMAL to decimal
A3B H= (A3B) 16
Hexadecimal to binary
• The given no. is replaced by 4 bit binary equivalent.
• 2D5 - 0010 1101 0101
Binary to Hexadecimal
• Start from LSB, Each group of 4 bits replaced by its decimal equivalent.
• Ex
11110110101 = 0111 1011 01 01
7 B 5
BINARY ADDITION
BINARY SUBTRACTION
COMPLEMENTS
• 1’S COMPLEMENT
• 2’S COMPLEMENT
• 9’S COMPLEMENT
• 10’S COMPLEMENT
SIGNED & UNSIGNED REPRESENTATION
(+) & (-) Sign before the number to represent its sign.
In computer is not possible. So 0 - positive number, 1- negative number.
For ex . + 15, - 15 are presented by 0 1111, 1 1111 respectively.
But negative numbers are represented in 3 ways
Signed –magnitude representation  1 1111
Signed -1’s complement representation  1 0000
Signed – 2’s complement representation  1 0001
FIXED-POINT REPRESENTATION OF
NUMBERS
• In the fixed point number representation systems,
• All numbers are represented as integers or fractions.
• Signed integer or BCD numbers are referred to as fixed-
point numbers.
• Ex.
• 123
FLOATING-POINT REPRESENTATION OF
NUMBERS
• A Number has both an integer part & a fractional part, is called a
real number or floating-point number., it can be either + or -.
• The numbers 0.008 & 1345.66 can be represented as 0.8X10 -2

& 1.34566X103 respectively.


• This kind of rep. is called the scientific representation.
• The number n can be represented as n=mr e , where m-
mantissa, r- radix & e- exponent.
BINARY CODED DECIMAL
• The BCD is the simplest binary code , i.e is used to represent a
decimal number..
• In BCD code  4 bit representation of a decimal number.
• Ex. 5 0101.
• If the decimal number consists of more than 1 digit , each decimal
digit is represented individually.
• Ex . 123  0001 0010 0011. 45 0100 0101
Gray code
• The gray code is binary code. It is used in shaft encoder.
• It is used in computer controlled machines such as lathes, etc.
EXCESS- 3 CODE
• EXCESS-3 CODE is formed by adding 3 to the decimal number & then forming
the binary coded number.
• Ex. (435)10 to excess -3
4 3 5
3 3 3 Add
________
7 6 8 0111 0110 1000
________
Excess -3
ASCII code
• ASCII- American standard code for information Interchange
code.
• It a 7bit code, up to 128 characters .
• It is used in small computers, peripherals, instruments &
communication devices.
• A letter, digit or special symbol is called a character .
• 8th bit is parity , it may be 1 or 0.
ASCII-8 CODE
• A newer version of ASCII is the ASCII-8 code ,
• 8 bit code, up to 256 characters.
EBCDIC CODE
• EBCDIC stands for Extended BCD interchange code.
• It s a 8 bit code without parity.
• A 9th bit can be used for parity up to 256 characters.
• In ASCII -8 & EBCDIC , the 1st 4 bits are known as zone bit. And the
remaining 4 bits are digit values.
• ASCII  7 BIT 3,4
BITS,BYTES & WORDS
• A BYTE is a basic grouping of bits(binary digit)
• A word is a grouping of bits .
• 8 bit/16 bit /32 bit/64 bit word.
Than
k You

All

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