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Prime Factorization and Index Notation

Prime factorization is a method to write a composite number as a product of prime factors. It involves repeatedly dividing the number by prime numbers (starting with 2) until only prime numbers remain. There are two common methods - the factor tree method and ladder method. Both methods involve dividing the composite number by primes and checking if the resulting factors are also composite, continuing the process until all factors are prime numbers. The prime factorization can then be written in exponential form.

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Saleha Shoaib
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183 views

Prime Factorization and Index Notation

Prime factorization is a method to write a composite number as a product of prime factors. It involves repeatedly dividing the number by prime numbers (starting with 2) until only prime numbers remain. There are two common methods - the factor tree method and ladder method. Both methods involve dividing the composite number by primes and checking if the resulting factors are also composite, continuing the process until all factors are prime numbers. The prime factorization can then be written in exponential form.

Uploaded by

Saleha Shoaib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prime Factorization

Class 7
Definition

• Prime Factorization – A way to write a


composite number as the product of
its prime factors.

2 x 2 x 3 = 12
or
2
2 x 3 = 12
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Factor Tree Method - -
48
Step 1 – Write down any
2 x 24
composite number.

Step 2 – Start dividing by


the prime #s (start with 2).
If the composite number is divisible
by 2, write it down and find the next factor.
If not, check if the factor is evenly
divisible by 3, 5, 7, 9, etc.
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Factor Tree Method - -
48
Step 3 – Check the factors.
If they are prime, you are done. 2 x 24
If they are not, proceed to Step 4.
2 x 2 x 12
Step 4 – Continue dividing.
If one of the factors is
divisible by 2, write it down
and find the next factor.
If not, check if the factor is evenly
divisible by 3, 5, 7, 9, etc.
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Factor Tree Method - -
48
Step 5 – Check the factors.
If they are prime, proceed to Step 6. 2 x 24
If they are not, repeat Step 4.
2 x 2 x 12
2 x 2x 2x6
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Factor Tree Method - -
48
Step 5 – Check the factors.
If they are prime, proceed to Step 6. 2 x 24
If they are not, repeat Step 4.
2 x 2 x 12
2 x 2x 2x6
Step 6 – Write the
Prime Factorization in 2x2x2x2x3
Exponential Form.
24 x 3 = 48
Find the Prime Factorization

4
Prime Factorization
2x2
2 =4
2
Prime Factorization
in Exponential Form
Find the Prime Factorization

6
Prime Factorization
2 x 3 =6
Find the Prime Factorization
27
3x9
Prime Factorization
3x3x3
Prime Factorization
in Exponential Form
3 = 27
3
Find the Prime Factorization
12
2x6
Prime Factorization
2x2x3
2 x 3 = 12
2
Prime Factorization
in Exponential Form
Find the Prime Factorization
18
2x9
Prime Factorization
2x3x3
2 x 3 = 18
2
Prime Factorization
in Exponential Form
You Have Options
The following screens illustrate another
method that you can use to find the Prime
Factorization of a Composite Number.

Try it! You may


like it better.
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Ladder Method - -

Step 1 – Write down any 2 18


composite number. 9

Step 2 – Start dividing by the


prime #s (start with 2).
If the composite number is divisible by 2,
write it on the left of the L and write the
other factor below the original composite #.
If not, check if the number is evenly divisible
by 3, 5, etc.
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Ladder Method - -

Step 3 – Check the factors. 2 18


If they are prime, proceed to Step 6.
3 9
If not, continue the process. Prime
3
#
Step 4 – Continue dividing the # on the next
rung of the ladder by the prime #s (start with 2).

Step 5 – Repeat this process until the # on


the next rung of the ladder is prime.
How to do a Prime Factorization
- - Ladder Method - -

2 18
Step 6 – Write the
Prime Factorization in 3 9
Exponential Form. 3

Prime
Factorization 233
x x

Prime Factorization
in Exponential Form 2 32x
Find the Prime Factorization
- - Ladder Method - -

2 56
2 28
2 14
Prime
7
#

Prime Prime Factorization


Factorization 222 7
x x x
in Exponential Form 23 7
x
Summary

• One is not a prime or composite number.


• Two is the only even prime number.
• Not all odd numbers are prime.
(examples: 9, 15, 21, 27, 33, 35, …)
• All composite numbers can be written as
product of prime numbers.
Classwork
Classwork

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