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Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)

LIDAR is a remote sensing technology that uses lasers to measure properties of scattered light to effectively measure distances. It can be used for applications like creating high-resolution digital elevation models, monitoring glaciers and atmospheric conditions, archaeological surveying, and more. LIDAR systems integrate lasers, GPS, and inertial navigation to capture elevation point data and calculate X,Y,Z coordinates to generate precise models. Data collection via LIDAR is fast and flexible compared to traditional surveying methods.

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sonusangam
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327 views

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)

LIDAR is a remote sensing technology that uses lasers to measure properties of scattered light to effectively measure distances. It can be used for applications like creating high-resolution digital elevation models, monitoring glaciers and atmospheric conditions, archaeological surveying, and more. LIDAR systems integrate lasers, GPS, and inertial navigation to capture elevation point data and calculate X,Y,Z coordinates to generate precise models. Data collection via LIDAR is fast and flexible compared to traditional surveying methods.

Uploaded by

sonusangam
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Light Detection and

Ranging(LIDAR)

BY:
SONU SANGAM
USN-1C07EC096
BRANCH-ECE
SEM -VIII
INTRODUCTION
What is LIDAR ?
Remote sensing technology
Uses much shorter wavelength of EM spectrum
Measures properties of scattered light
Measures time delay between transmitted and
reflected signals
Highly sensitive to aerosols and cloud particles
General Description
LIDAR vs RADAR

LIDAR uses much shorter wavelength of UV,visible and


near IR range
LIDAR is highly sensitive to non-metallic objects
LIDAR has very narrow beam which produces high
resolution
LIDAR TYPES
 based on backscattering :-
 Rayleigh LIDAR
 Mie LIDAR
 Raman LIDAR

Other types:-
 Coherent LIDAR(phase sensitive)
 Incoherent LIDAR(amplitude measurement)
TECHNOLOGIES USED

Integration Of three technologies to produce Digital


Elevation Models(DEM)
They are:-
 Lasers
 Global Positioning System(GPS)
 Inertial Navigation System(INS)
WORKING
Laser produces optical pulse
Pulse is transmitted , reflected and returned to the
receiver
Receivers accurately measures the travel time
X,Y,Z ground coordinates can be calculated using :-
 Laser range
 Laser scan angle
 Laser Position from GPS
 Laser orientation from INS
COMPONENTS
Laser:
 600-1000nm lasers used for non-scientific application
 Inexpensive
 Easily absorbed by eye
 1500nm lasers
 less advanced, longer range , lower accuracy
 Eye safe at much higher power level
 Used in military application
Contd…..
Scanner
 Used to scan the objects , azimuth and elevation
 Uses :-
 Dual oscillating plane mirror
 Combination of polygon mirror
 Dual axis scanner
Optics
 They affect angular resolution and range
 To Collect return signal it uses :-
 Hole mirror
 Beam splitter
Contd…..

Photo detector and receiver electronic


 Solid state photo detectors
 Silicon avalanche photodiodes

Position and navigation systems


 Global Positioning System receiver
 Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU)
APPLICATIONS
LIDAR-equipped mobile robot
 Used for constructing map and avoid obstacle
Contd….

ARCHAEOLOGY
Creates high resolution Digital Elevation Models
Aiding in planning of field campaigns and forest canopy
Provides an overview of broad continuous indistinguishable
feature

GEOLOGY
Aircraft based LIDAR
 Detect fault and measure uplift
 Monitors glaciers
Contd….

Meteorology and Atmospheric Environment


Used for studies of atmospherics conditions , structures ,
clouds and aerosols.
Used for measurement of atm. gas
Used for measuring the concentration of atm. gases
Measures wind speed
Contd….

PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY


Measure the distance to reflectors placed on the
moon
Used in Mars-Orbiting Satellite to produce precise
global topographic survey of Mars
Used to detect snow in Mars atmosphere
Used to measure molecular density
Contd….
MILITARY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
Used in traffic speed enforcement for vehicle speed
measurement
Uses the principle of time of flight to calculate speed
Able to find the vehicle speed from cluster traffic
situation
Higher resolution system collect detail to identify
targets (tanks)
LIDAR DATA
What can we do with LIDAR ?
Measure distance
Measure speed
Measure rotation
Measure chemical composition and concentration
CAPTURE OF ELEVATION
POINTS

Collects only elevation data


GPS antenna is mounted on
upper fuselage
GPS sensors records the data
Data are downloaded and
processed
X,Y,Z coordinates are found
OTHER APPLICATIONS
FLOOD RISK MAPPING
Quickest and most accurate method to measure DEM
Easy flood prediction and plan mitigation and
remediation strategies
Contd….
OIL & GAS EXPLORATION SURVEYS
Provide high speed data acquisition and limit ground
intervention
Done using either a fixed wing or helicopter mounted
LIDAR system
Contd….
ENGINEERING/CONSTRUCTION SURVEY
Using DEM cut and fill quantities can be more precisely
estimated
Time delay between data acquisition and delivery is
very less
Air bourn LIDAR provide a cost effective and quick
surveys for real estate development
Contd….
TRANSMISSION LINE MAPPING
Calculating power line heights or sag under different
loads
 Inventory
 Tower Placement
 Height of underlying vegetation
SHOALS-SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS

Undersea cable routing


Wreck detection
Charting and safety issues
CONCLUSION
It has allowed data to be collected that was difficult
or impossible to obtain prior to its introduction.
Data collection and its processing is relatively fast
LIDAR saves clients money
LIDAR offers flexibility
LIDAR is unobtrusive and environmentally friendly
REFERENCES
www.wikipedia.org
www.lidar.com
www.ambercore.com
www.gisdevelopment.net
www.lidarmap.org
www.velodyne.com/lidar/
THANK YOU

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