HEALTH

STATISTIC
S
GWENETH MARIETTA T. CABELIÑO
ZHAILYN JOY DUMLAO
QUEENIE MAE HIAZENTH C. TAYCO
 Objectives of the Study
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01 02
About us Market analysis
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03 04
Content plan Budget
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 Introduction
● Health – defined as a state of complete
physical, mental & social wellbeing, and not
merely an absence of disease or infirmity
(WHO).
● Statistics – defined as a branch of mathematics
dealing with the collection, analysis,
interpretation, and presentation of masses of
numerical data.
● Health statistics – are numbers that summarize
information related to health.
 Indicators of Health
Indicator
o “index or variable” is only an indication of a given situation
or a reflection of the situation.
○ Indicators help to measure the extent to which the
objectives and targets of a programmed are being attained.
Health Indicator
o is a variable, susceptible to direct measurement, that
reflects the state of health of persons in a community.
o is a measure designed to summarize information about a
given priority topic or issue in population health or health
care delivery system performance.
 2 TYPES OF HEALTH
INDICATORS
● Health status indicators measure different aspects of
the health of a population
(e.g. life expectancy, infant mortality, disability or
chronic disease rates)
● Health determinant indicators measure things that
influences health (e.g. diet, smoking, water quality,
income and access to health services)
 Characteristics

Valid Reliable Sensitive

– they should actually – the results should be – they should be
measure what they are the same when measured sensitive to changes in
supposed to measure. by different people in the situation concerned.
similar circumstances.
 Characteristics

Specific Feasible Relevant

– they should reflect – they should have the – they should contribute
changes only in the ability to obtain data to the understanding of
situation concerned. when needed. the phenomenon of
interest.
 Uses of Indicators of
Health
 Measurement of the health of the community
 Description of the health of the community
 Comparison of the health of different communities.
 Identification of health needs and prioritizing them.
 Evaluation of health services
 Planning and allocation of health resources
 Measurement of health success.
 A. TOOLS
 Sources of Data: Demographic information can be
obtained from a variety of sources but the most
common come from censuses, sample surveys and
registration systems.
 Population Size: This allows the nurse to make
comparison about population changes overtime and
also helps the nurse rationalize the types of health
programs or interventions which are going to be
provided for the community.
Methods of measuring the population
size:
Determining the increase in the population resulting from excess of
births compared to deaths.
can done in 2 ways:

1. Natural increase = Number of births – Number of deaths

(specified year) (specified year) (specified year)

2. Rate of Natural Increase = Crude Birth Rate – Crude Death Rate

(specified year) (specified year) (specified year)
 Methods of measuring the population
size:
Determine the increase in the population using data obtained during
two census periods:
1. Absolute increase per year: measure the number of people that are
added to the population per year.
Formula:
Absolute increase per year = P1-P0
Where: P1 = population size at a later time
P0 = population size at an early time
t = number of years between time 0 and time t
2. Relative increase: is the actual difference between the census counts
expressed in percent relative to the population size made during an
earlier census.
 Methods of measuring the population
size:
Population Composition: Described in terms of its age and sex. The
nurse utilize data to decide who among the population groups merits
attention in terms of health services and programs.

1. Sex composition (computes for sex ratio)

Sex Ratio = number of malesx 100
number of females

2. Age composition
a. Median age b. Dependency Ratio

3. Age and Sex Composition

Methods of measuring the population
size:
Population Distribution
○ Urban-rural distribution
○ Crowding index
○ Population density
 B. Health Indicators
Health indicators are used as tools for assessing the health
status of the population (or making a situational analysis
of a community), health indicators are also used for:

1. Determining factors that may contribute to causation

and control of disease.
2. Identifying public health problems and needs.
3. Indicating priorities for resource allocation.
4. Monitoring implementation of health programs.
5. Evaluating outcomes of health programs.
Types of health indicators:
• Health status indicators (morbidity)
• Health status indicator (mortality)
• Population indicators
• Indicators for the provision of health care
• Risk reduction indicators
• Social and economic indicators
• Environmental indicators
• Disability indicators
• Health policy indicators
 Sources of health data:
• Census
• Vital registration system
• Disease notification
• Disease registries
• Surveillance system
• Hospital data
• Health insurance
• School health program
• Downloadable data sets
• Surveys (morbidity, demographic, and health)
 WHAT IS
POPULATION?
 POPULATION
From the Greek world Populous, which means People.
 Population
 City’s population
DEMOGRAPHY
The term “demography” is the combination of two Greek
words, “Demo” & “Graphy”.
 Demo meaning “the people” (people of a special locality)
 graphy refers “to draw” or “to write”
 Determinants of Demographic
Trends
● There are stable population. Some population increase
and other decrease.
● The size population may change rapidly while others
may change much more slowly in some population,
there is a high proportion of people under fifteen, most
population have more females that males in the older
generation.
● These and other population characteristics are result of
many factor which may be biological, social, political or
cultural.
 Population Growth
●Population growth is
the increase in the
number of people in a
population.

THE WORLD PICTURE

●The current world
population in 2013 is
7,118,279,573.
TOP 10 ASIAN COUNTRIES BY POPULATION

TOP 10 ASIAN
COUNTRIES BY
POPULATION
 Components of Population
ChangeFECUNDIT
FERTILITY
 is the number of children a
Y
 biological capacity of a
woman bears during her woman to have a
reproductive years and is children at a future time.
related to social behaviours
and personal decisions.   begins at menarche

 Means the women has  potential reproduction

actually given to a live child
 Methods to Measure
Fertility
1. Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
number of live births
Crude Birth Rate = x 1,000
midyear population
EX.
11,429
CRB = x 1,000
45,739
CBR = 249.9

number
General Fertility Rate = of live births____ x 1,000
midyear population of women,
15 -44 years of age
EX.
GFR = 10,243 x 1,000
20,520

GFR= 499.2
 Differential
Fertility
 Indicates the various observed in
fertility within or among the
population.
 Factors Influence Fertility
EDUCATION Differentials
 the most important factor influencing in the
Philippines.
 The higher the educational attainment, especially
of a women, the lower is the number of children.
RURAL-URBAN DIFFERENTIAL
 As expected, fertility is higher in rural areas.
 The deference is probably due to the fact that
the rural couples cannot readily get information
and facilities for family planning.
 Factors Influence Fertility
Differentials
AGE AT MARRIAGE
 Delayed marriages means lesser exposure to
fertility and therefore reduce the number of
children born to a women.
AMBITION
 Is desire to maintain or to secure a good social
status.
 Is one of the most important factor leading to the
control of fertility.
 Mortality rates
Crude Death Rate = number of deaths x 1000
midyear population
EX.
35,000
CDR = x 1000
50,000
CDR= 700
number of deaths in a specified group_____ x 1000
Age Specific Mortality
MidyearRate =
population of the same specified group

EX.
25,673 x 1000
ASMR =
45,500

ASMR=564.2
 number of deaths from a specified cause X 1000
Cause-of-Death Rate =
Mid year population

EX. 4,000
CDR = X 1000
10,000

CDR= 400

deaths under 1 year of age

Infant Mortality Rate = X 1000
Number of live births

EX. 5,000 X 1000

IMR =
25,000

IMR= 200
 number of deaths due to pregnancy, delivery and puerperium
Maternal Mortality Rate = X 1000
Number of live births
EX.
25,525
MMR = X 1000
65,557

MMR= 389.4

number of deaths from a particular cause

Proportionate Mortality Rate = X 100
Total deaths

EX.
46,254
PMR = X 100
85,659
PMR= 53.10
 number of deaths among those 50 years and over
Swaroop’s Index = X 100
Total deaths

EX.
54,525
SI = X 100
80,542

SI= 67.7

number of deaths from a specified cause

Case Fatality Rate = X 100
Number of cases of the same disease

EX. 4,300
CFR = X 100
10,255

CFR= 41.9
Migration
The movement of
people from one to
another to settle
permanently.
 KINDS OF MIGRATION
International Immigration- is the movement of people from one
country to another to settle permanently.
 Immigration – the coming into the country of which
the person is not a citizen for permanent residence.
 Emigration – the going from one’s country for
permanent residence in another country
 Internal migration – is the movement of people
from one part of the country to another permanent
residence. Maybe out- migration or in-migration.
Age and Sex Distribution
(Philippines)
 This entry provides the distribution of the
population according to age.

 Information is included by sex and age

group as follows: 0-14 years (children), 15-
24 years (early working age), 25-54 years
(prime working age), 55-64 years (mature
working age), 65 years and over (elderly).

 The age structure of a population affects a

nation's key socioeconomic issues.
Age and Sex Distribution
(Philippines)
Countries with young populations (high
percentage under age 15) need to invest more
in schools, while countries with older
populations (high percentage ages 65 and
over) need to invest more in the health sector

The age structure can also be used to help

predict potential political issues.
Example: rapid growth of a young adult
population unable to find employment can
lead to unrest.
 IMPLICATIONS OF RAPID
POPULATION GROWTH: THE
PHILIPPINE SITUATION
● Rapid population intervenes with specific
development concerns such as the utilizations,
natural resources, education, employment, health
and nutrition, house and income equity.

1. Population and Natural Resources

- Philippine’s forest was covered about 75% of the
total area of the country prior World War II
- The forest is not only a source of timber, but it also
performs academic function in terms of catchment
protection, soil, erosion control as a storage of
genetic information.
 IMPLICATIONS OF RAPID
POPULATION GROWTH: THE
PHILIPPINE SITUATION
Forests are being denuded by the denuded
population engaged in subsistence
cultivation
e.g. (kaingin), excessive duel harvesting and
excessive and commercial logging.
● The most important feature of the
forest is the ecological function.
● The growing population is also
depleting the country’s marine sources.
2. Population and Education
 There are several deficiencies in the
present educational institutions in the
Philippines such as shortage of
classrooms, textbooks and teachers,
aside from the problem of quality.
3. Population, Health and Nutrition
 Improved health increases the productive
capacity of a population.
 Filipinos suffer from malnutrition.
Morbidity – indicator of health, prevalence
of a disease or illness.
 Health supply services of a given quality
is determined by economic factors which
are related to the capacity of the
economy to save and invest in
healthcare.
“This is a quote, words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”

—Someone famous
 Divide the content!

Mercury Venus
Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful
planet to the Sun and the name and is the second
smallest one in the Solar planet from the Sun. It’s
System—it’s only a bit hot and has a poisonous
larger than the Moon atmosphere
 Reviewing concepts

Mars Venus Neptune

Mars is actually a very It’s the farthest planet Neptune is the farthest
cold place from the Sun planet from the Sun

Mercury Saturn Jupiter

It’s the closest planet Saturn is the ringed Jupiter is the biggest
to the Sun one and a gas giant planet of them all
A picture is worth a
thousand words
Awesome
Words
2,677,972
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 333,000.00
earths is the Sun’s mass

9h 55m 23s
is Jupiter’s rotation period

386,000 km
is the distance between the Earth and the Moon
 Let’s use some percentages

Mercury Venus Mars

It’s the closest planet to Venus has a beautiful Despite being red, Mars is
the Sun and the smallest name and is the second actually a cold place. It’s
in the Solar System planet from the Sun full of iron oxide dust
 Our team

Sofia Hill Kaliyah Harris

You can talk a bit about You can talk a bit about
this person here this person here
 Our goals
Mercury Mars
Mercury is the closest Mars is actually a very
planet to the Sun cold place

Venus Saturn
Venus is the second Saturn is the ringed one
planet from the Sun and a gas giant

Jupiter Neptune
Jupiter is the biggest Neptune is the farthest
planet of them all planet from the Sun
This is a map

Mercury
It’s the smallest planet

Venus
It’s the second planet

Mars
It’s actually a cold
place
 A timeline works well

01 02 03 04

Mars Venus Saturn Mercury

Mars is actually a It’s the farthest Saturn is the ringed It’s the closest
very cold place planet from the Sun one and a gas giant planet to the Sun
 Budget

65% 35%
Mars Venus

5,000
Budget
 Do you need to compare?
Mars Venus
● Here you can describe the ● Here you can describe the
characteristics of the characteristics of the
concept concept

● Here you can describe the ● Here you can describe the
characteristics of the characteristics of the
concept concept

● Here you can describe the ● Here you can describe the
characteristics of the characteristics of the
concept concept
 Important text

Venus has a beautiful name and is the

second planet from the Sun. It’s hot
and has a poisonous atmosphere
 This is a graph

Venus
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun

Mars
Despite being red, Mars
is actually a cold place.
It’s full of iron oxide dust
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste
the new one here. For more info, click here
 Infographics help you

Mercury Venus
It’s the closest It’s the farthest
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun

Saturn Mars
Saturn is the ringed Mars is actually a
one and a gas giant very cold place
 You can use a table

Mass Diameter Gravity

Mercury 0.06 0.38 0.38

Mars 0.11 0.53 0.38

Saturn 95.2 9.4 1.16

 SWOT analysis

Strengths Weaknesses
It’s the farthest planet S W Mercury is the closest
from the Sun planet to the Sun

Opportunities Threats
Mars is actually a very O T Saturn is the ringed one
cold place and a gas giant
 Outline your idea

Earth

Venus Jupiter

Mars is a very It’s the Jupiter is the Saturn is the

cold place farthest planet biggest planet ringed one
 Conclusions
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the
smallest one in the Solar System. This planet's name
has nothing to do with the liquid metal, since Mercury
was named after the Roman messenger god
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