Scribd
Upload
37 views8 pages

In The Name of God: Co-Textual Relations

This document discusses cohesion and information structure in language. It defines key terms like co-text, context, pro-form, anaphora, cohesion, and coherence. It explains that cohesion refers to overt linguistic links between sentences and clauses, while coherence refers to the logical connection of ideas. Cohesive devices like addition, contrast, and comparison serve to link parts of a text together at the sentence level. For a text to be fully understood, it must be both cohesive and coherent by connecting ideas linguistically and logically relating to the broader context.

Uploaded by

hossin karimi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
37 views8 pages

In The Name of God: Co-Textual Relations

This document discusses cohesion and information structure in language. It defines key terms like co-text, context, pro-form, anaphora, cohesion, and coherence. It explains that cohesion refers to overt linguistic links between sentences and clauses, while coherence refers to the logical connection of ideas. Cohesive devices like addition, contrast, and comparison serve to link parts of a text together at the sentence level. For a text to be fully understood, it must be both cohesive and coherent by connecting ideas linguistically and logically relating to the broader context.

Uploaded by

hossin karimi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

IN THE NAME OF GOD

Co-textual relations

Professor : Dr. Minoo Alemi


Presenter : Atieyh ghorbani
Session 3
Information structure
 
Thepolice dispersed the demonstrators.
The demonstrators were dispersed by the police.

We think of these expression as:

linguistic forms: 1. Active (first sentence)


2. Passive (second sentence)

Utterances Textual variants: 1.Theme (topic, presupposition)


2. Rheme (comment, prediction)
We have different ways to identify theme

  
1. Semantic connection (themes are synonymous)
e.g. The police (T) dispersed the demonstrators. Some of the law officers (T) …

2. Thematic connection (schematic knowledge)


e.g. The police (T) dispersed the demonstrators (R). The banners they were carrying (R
Text linkage
Pro-form: is a word that replaces previously mentioned word or
expression and takes its meaning.

Anaphora: the use of the word referring to or replacing a word


used earlier in a sentence, to avoid repetition.

Co-Text: verbal environment

Context: non-verbal environment


Cohesion
 The identification of connections that are linguistically
signaled
 In a simple sentence we can say that, Cohesion is overt links
and connections between the sentences and clauses in the
text.

 Cohesive devices serve to link parts of a text together, that


are divided into:
1. Addition → also, again, and…
2. Contrast → however, instead of, and…
3. Compare → in the same, likewise, and…
Cohesion and coherence
Cohesive devices are only aids to understanding

Cohesion in the text enables them to derive a coherent discourse


from it.

Two qualities that a written or spoken text unity and purpose:


 Coherence means the connection of ideas at the idea level and
cohesion means the connection of ideas at the sentence level.

 Cohesive writing refers to the ideas both at sentence level and the
paragraph level.

A passage can be cohesive as text but lack coherence as discourse.


Conclusion
No matter how cohesive a text may be in terms of internal co-
textual links, the extent to which it is interpreted as coherent
discourse will depend on how far it can be related externally to
contextual realities in the particular socio-cultural word they
live in.
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

You might also like