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Intro. Res. and Its Use in Nsg. Prac

Nursing research involves systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about issues important to nursing. Nurses play roles from producers to consumers of research. Evidence-based practice uses the best clinical evidence for patient care decisions. Florence Nightingale pioneered nursing research in the 1850s. Future directions include greater focus on outcomes research and multidisciplinary collaboration. Sources of evidence include research, clinical experience, and logical reasoning. Positivist and naturalist paradigms use different assumptions and methods like quantitative and qualitative research. The purposes of nursing research are to identify, describe, explore, explain, predict, and control issues in nursing.

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27 views

Intro. Res. and Its Use in Nsg. Prac

Nursing research involves systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about issues important to nursing. Nurses play roles from producers to consumers of research. Evidence-based practice uses the best clinical evidence for patient care decisions. Florence Nightingale pioneered nursing research in the 1850s. Future directions include greater focus on outcomes research and multidisciplinary collaboration. Sources of evidence include research, clinical experience, and logical reasoning. Positivist and naturalist paradigms use different assumptions and methods like quantitative and qualitative research. The purposes of nursing research are to identify, describe, explore, explain, predict, and control issues in nursing.

Uploaded by

kaesme
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1

Introducing Research
and Its Use in Nursing
Practice
What Is Research?

Research
Systematic inquiry using disciplined methods to
solve problems or answer questions

 
Nursing research
Systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about
issues of importance to the nursing profession
Roles of Nurses in Research
Continuum of participation, from producer
of research to intelligent consumer of
research findings

 Evidence-based practice (EBP)—the


use of the best clinical evidence in
making patient care decisions
 Both consumers and producers play a
key role in EBP
History of Nursing Research
 Florence Nightingale pioneered research, 1850s
 First journal on research (Nursing Research)
emerged, 1950s
 Clinical research becomes increasingly
important, 1970s
 National Center for Nursing Research
established at NIH, 1986
 National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)
established, 1993
 NINR budget exceeds $100 million, 2000s
Future Directions for Nursing
Research
 Heightened focus on evidence-based
practice
 Increased use of multiple confirmatory
strategies and replication
 Greater stress on integrative reviews
 Increased multidisciplinary collaboration
 Expanded dissemination of research
findings
 Greater focus on outcomes research
Sources of Evidence for Nursing
Practice
 Tradition
 Authority
 Clinical experience; trial and error;
intuition
 Logical reasoning (inductive & deductive)
 Assembled information (e.g., quality
improvement data)
 Disciplined research
Paradigms and Methods for
Nursing Research
Paradigm—a world view; a general
perspective on the complexities of the
real world, with certain assumptions
about reality
Key paradigms for nursing research:
 Positivist paradigm
 Naturalistic paradigm
What Is the Nature of Reality?
 Positivist assumption: Reality exists;
there is a real world driven by natural
causes.

 Naturalist assumption: Reality is


multiple and subjective; constructed
by individuals.
How Is the Inquirer Related to
Those Being Studied?

 Positivist assumption: The inquirer is


independent from those being studied.

 Naturalist assumption: The inquirer


interacts with those being studied;
findings reflect this interaction.
What Is the Role of Values in
the Inquiry?

 Positivist assumption: Values are held


in check; objectivity is sought.

 Naturalist assumption: Subjectivity


and values are inevitable, desirable.
How Is Knowledge Obtained?
Research methods—the techniques
used to structure a study and to
gather, analyze, and interpret
information
 Quantitative research—most often
allied with the positivist tradition
 Qualitative research—most often
allied with the naturalist tradition
Key Differences in Research
Methods
Positivist Naturalistic
Fixed design Flexible design
Discrete, specific concepts Holistic
Deductive processes Inductive processes
Control over context Context-bound
Verification of hunches Emerging
interpretations
Quantitative information Qualitative information
Seeks generalizations Seeks patterns
The Purposes of Nursing
Research
 Identification
  Description
  Exploration
  Explanation
  Prediction
 Control

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