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By: Lenny Ann Kate Reyes

1. All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of life. 2. Cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division. 3. Cells contain organelles that perform specific functions necessary for life.

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27 views

By: Lenny Ann Kate Reyes

1. All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of life. 2. Cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division. 3. Cells contain organelles that perform specific functions necessary for life.

Uploaded by

Lenny Ann Kate Reyes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CELL

BY : LENNY ANN KATE REYES


ZACHARIAS JANSSEN
He is believed to be the
first inventor of the
compound microscope
around 1590’s
ROBERT HOOKE (1665)
He examined under microscope very
thin slices of cork and saw a
multitude of tiny pores that he
remarked looked like the walled
compartments of a honeycomb.
Because of this association he called
them cell
FELIX DUJARDIN
(1835)

He found out that living cells


contain an internal substance and
gave it the name sarcode
JAN EVANGELISTA
PURKINJE

He made a thorough investigation of the


cell's internal material he gave it the
name protoplasm, a term coined for the
colloidal substance in the cell.
ROBERT BROWN (1831)
He discovered the nucleus and
established that this structure is
fundamental and constant
component of the cell.
ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK
(1674)
He made an earlier observation of the cell where
he discovered free cells and observed the
nucleus within some red blood cells.
He discovered bacteria and protozoa and he
observed the movements of protista (a type of
single-celled organism) and sperm, which he
collectively termed animalcules
MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN
(1838)
He is a German botanist
He stated that all plants are
composed of cells.
THEODORE SCHWANN
(1839)

A German zoologist
He concluded that all animals
are composed of cells.
RUDOLPH VIRCHOW
(1858)

He is a German biologist
He theorized that all living cells
come from pre-existing living cells
CELL
THEORY
The cell theory is a
widely accepted
explanation of the
relationship between cells
and living things. The cell
theory states:
All living things or
organisms are made
of cells
New cells are created
by old cells dividing
into two
Cells are the basic
building units of life.
PROKARYOTE
VS
EUKARYOTE
PROKARYOTES
 Lacks a nucleus
 Lacks an organized nucleus and other
membrane bound organelles
 DNA is found in a central part of the cell
called the nucleoid
 Have a peptidoglycan cell wall and many
have a polysaccharide capsule
 These cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells
EUKARYOTES
 Has a true membrane-bound nucleus
 These cells are larger than prokaryotic cells
 Have a “true” nucleus
 Has rod-shaped chromosomes
 Has membrane-bound organelles
 Has genetic material that is organized into a
membrane-bound nuclei
Parts of the
Cell with
Functions
NUCLEUS
It contains chromatin and a nucleolus
as in an animal cell
It contains the cell's deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) and directs the synthesis of
ribosomes and proteins
NUCLEOLUS
It is the dark condensed region
where ribosomes are formed
This structure in involved in the
protein synthesis process
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
It is the membrane enclosing the
nucleus
It is a protein lined pores that allow
material to move in and out
KARYOPLASM OR
NUCLEOPLASM
It is the protoplasm inside the nucleus
CHROMATIN
It contains the deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) plus associated proteins
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
Rough ER : associated with ribosomes
makes secretory and membrane
proteins
Smooth ER : makes lipids
PROTOPLASM
The mass of jelly like material
enclosed by the plasma membrane
A color less or somewhat grayish,
translucent, viscous substance that is
capable of flowing
CYTOPLASM
It provides a gel like environment
for the cell's organelles
It is the location for most cellular
processes including metabolism,
protein folding, internal
transportation
CHLOROPLAST
Chloroplast is a type of plastid that
contains chromoplasts that contains
chlorophyll
This is the site of photosynthesis
process
PLASTIDS
Organelles that are in charge in
storing pigment
Basically seen in plant cells
MITOCHONDRIA
It produces energy
It is responsible for making
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
It is the main cell's energy carrying
molecule
RIBOSOMES
This are large complexes of protein
and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
responsible for protein synthesis when
DNA from the nucleus is transcribed
It is also called as the Protein
Factories of the Cell
GOLGI BODY/
APPARATUS
It is discovered by an Italian scientist
Camillo Golgi and it was named after
the discoverer
It is associated with many function, it
is believed to prepare proteins for
secretion after they are released from
the ER
VACUOLES
It is the food and water storage of
the cell
It is a fluid-filled cavity that is
surrounded by membranes
CENTRIOLES OR
CENTROSOME
It duplicates and form at the center for
spindle fiber formation during cell
division
MICROTUBULES
It forms the mitotic spindle and
maintain cell shape
It provides pathways for certain
molecules to move about
MICROFILAMENTS
It is a fibrous protein that forms the
cellular cortex
INTERMEDIATE
FILAMENTS
This are fibrous proteins that hold
organelles in place
PEROXISOMES
This organelle is the one in charge
to metabolize waste
LYSOSOMES
It is also called as The Suicidal Bags
of a Cell
“Lyso” means dissolving power
“Some” means body
These enzymes are capable of breaking
down and destroying a number of
important cell constituents
CELL WALL
It helps to maintain the cell’s
shape
Usually seen in the plant cell
PLASMA MEMBRANE
It is made up of phospholipid bilayer
that regulates the concentration of
substances that can permeate a cell
FLAGELLUM
A whip-like organelle that is
used for locomotion
CAPSULE
It enables the cell to attach to
surfaces in its environment
Protects the bacteria from the normal
body defense against infectious
organisms
PILLUS
It is used for exchange genetic
material during a type of
reproduction called conjugation
FIMBRAE
It is used by the bacteria to attach
itself to a host cell
NUCLEOID
This is the region in which
Chromosomal DNA is localized

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