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Unit I - Introduction To Technical Textiles

Technical textiles are textile materials and products designed to perform technical functions rather than aesthetic purposes. They are used in industries like agriculture, construction, transportation, medical, and more. Technical textiles have grown tremendously in the last two decades due to developments in polymers, fibers, and manufacturing processes. India's technical textiles market is expected to reach $33 billion by 2020-21, though it currently only accounts for 4-5% of the global market share. The technical textiles sector in India is still fragmented and lacks awareness, marketing expertise, and advanced technology compared to global competitors. The government is focusing on upgrading infrastructure and automotive textiles to help drive growth in India's technical textiles industry.

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85 views

Unit I - Introduction To Technical Textiles

Technical textiles are textile materials and products designed to perform technical functions rather than aesthetic purposes. They are used in industries like agriculture, construction, transportation, medical, and more. Technical textiles have grown tremendously in the last two decades due to developments in polymers, fibers, and manufacturing processes. India's technical textiles market is expected to reach $33 billion by 2020-21, though it currently only accounts for 4-5% of the global market share. The technical textiles sector in India is still fragmented and lacks awareness, marketing expertise, and advanced technology compared to global competitors. The government is focusing on upgrading infrastructure and automotive textiles to help drive growth in India's technical textiles industry.

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Pandurang Pawar
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Technical Textiles-I

Source: NPTEL, Handbook of Technical Textiles by R Horrocks & SC Anand

Unit I
Introduction to Technical Textiles

Dr. Srikrishna Natarajan,


Contractual Engaged Faculty,
Department of Textile Technology,
SGGSIE&T, Nanded
Introduction
• Existence of textiles dates back to several thousand years ago,
clothing being one of the primary need of human being.

• However, Technical Textiles, the way in which we perceive this term


today are quite younger than traditional textiles.

• Last two decades have seen tremendous growth in the application of


fibrous materials in the non conventional sectors like protective
clothing, medical products, automotive components, geo textiles,
building materials sports and so on.
• These newer application requirements led to phenomenal
development’s in the area of polymers, fibres and down stream
processes to meet the challenges.

• In the textile industry, technical textiles are the most dynamic one
and are promising areas for the future of textile industry.
How different are the technical textiles are different from non-
technical textiles?
Technical textiles Non-technical textiles
Used usually in non textile industries or Used in clothing and home furnishing
application
Designed to perform heavy duty and demanding No such stringent requirement rather
applications aesthetics and comfort are highly
desired
Generally high performance fibres, yarns and Conventional fibres, yarns etc are used
chemicals are used to meet the requirements
Special methods and specially built machineries Regular machineries are capable to
are required to manufacture these produce required product construction
Expected to last longer Life expectancy is shorter
comparatively
Cost is very high Comparatively cheaper
New test methods and procedures have been Conventional test methods are
developed to characterize these products with sufficient to evaluate these materials
greater accuracy modeling of field conditions,
computer aided design systems are being used
to determine the performance
What are technical textiles?
• Technical textiles are value added textile products that provide
functionality and applications other than regular fiber-fashion supply
chain products.

• These technical textiles encompass high performance fibers, yarns,


woven, knitted, nonwoven braided and nonwoven structures.

• Technical textiles can be any fibrous material and their combination


with other items which have non apparel applications, excluding
paper.
Standard definition of Technical Textiles
• Textile materials and products manufactured primarily for their technical
and performance properties rather than their aesthetic or décorative
characteristics’.

• Examples: Filter fabrics, Geo textiles, Medical Products, Protective clothing,


tyre cord, composites in aerospace and body panels of automotive etc.

• Since such narrow description however constricts the scope of technical


textiles since there are technical products that combine the duo,
performance and aesthetic or decorative purposes.

• Examples are flame retardant furnishings and ‘breathable’ leisurewear


Why do we need technical textiles?
• The areas in which various industries where other technical materials like
steel were being used for centuries together, technical textiles could make
their foray (a raid) to replace these conventional materials due to the very
advantages offered.

• Main advantage of technical textiles over conventional textiles used in


industry are flexibility, elasticity, strength and design possibilities.

• Example: Tyre cord fabric, a textile construction provides 75% of the total
strength of the automotive tyre.

• Textile structural composite parts are used in aerospace, civil and mechanical
engineering applications are lighter in weight and stronger than steel.
Technical textile materials, processes and products. PES = polyester, PA = polyamide, PAN =
polyacrylonitrile
Application areas of technical textiles
• Techtextil, a leading international exhibition for technical textile defines 12 main application
areas of technical textiles.

• agrotech: agriculture, aquaculture, horticulture and forestry


• buildtech: building and construction
• clothtech: technical components of footwear and clothing
• geotech: geotextiles and civil engineering
• hometech: technical components of furniture, household textiles and
floorcoverings
• indutech: filtration, conveying, cleaning and other industrial uses
• medtech: hygiene and medical
• mobiltech: automobiles, shipping, railways and aerospace
• oekotech: environmental protection
• packtech: packaging
• protech: personal and property protection
• sporttech: sport and leisure.
Technical textile scenario in India
• Technical textiles global market is expected to grow from USD 177 billion in
2018 to reach USD 220 billion by 2022.

• USA is the world's largest producer and consumer of technical textiles having
23% share followed by Western Europe having 22 % share, China having 13%
and Japan having 7% share.

• The share of India in world technical textiles market is about 4-5%.

• As per the Baseline Survey of technical textile industry by Ministry of Textiles,


the market size in India for the year 2017-18 was projected as Rs 1,16,217 crore
and taking into account the current trend of growth and various initiatives of
the government, domestic market size of the technical textiles is expected to
cross Rs 2 lakh crores by the year 2020-21.
Why the technical textiles has not grown in india?
Requirements for the growth of technical textile sector in india

• Lack of awareness to make finished or converted technical textile


products.

• Marketing know-how to sell and trade technical textile products.

• Should know where and when technical textiles are used on daily
basis?
Global perspective of Technical Textiles in India
• India's specialty fabric and non woven industry is fragmented and still in its infancy, with
no state of art technology in place when compared to global players.

• Textile industry is also undergoing a major reorientation from apparel to specialty fabric
applications.

• The focus of the govt is on upgrading infrastructure (geosynthetics) and increasing the use
of automotive textiles (non wovens).

• Other niche (a job, position, etc. that is suitable ) areas are safety and protective
(defense), medical textiles, agriculture {nets, shading & mulch(A mulch is a layer of
material applied to the surface of soil. Organic mulch materials include grain straw, fresh
or old hay, fresh-cut forage or cover crops, chipped brush, wood shavings, tree leaves,
cotton gin waste, rice or buckwheat hulls, and other crop residues. Hay and straw are
among the most widely used organic mulches in organic horticulture.) } and filter fabrics.
End of the lecture

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