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Presentation On Petrol Engine: Presented By-Mridul Mudai Sec-B4004 Roll No-B64

Petrol engines were introduced in 1885 and operate by igniting a mixture of air and petrol in a combustion chamber. A petrol engine converts the energy from the combustion into mechanical work using pistons inside cylinders connected to a crankshaft. It has systems for fuel, ignition, cooling, and lubrication. In a four-stroke petrol engine, the combustion occurs once every two revolutions through intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. Petrol engines are lighter and more compact than diesel engines and are commonly used in vehicles, boats, and machinery. Research continues to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions from petrol engines.

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260 views

Presentation On Petrol Engine: Presented By-Mridul Mudai Sec-B4004 Roll No-B64

Petrol engines were introduced in 1885 and operate by igniting a mixture of air and petrol in a combustion chamber. A petrol engine converts the energy from the combustion into mechanical work using pistons inside cylinders connected to a crankshaft. It has systems for fuel, ignition, cooling, and lubrication. In a four-stroke petrol engine, the combustion occurs once every two revolutions through intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. Petrol engines are lighter and more compact than diesel engines and are commonly used in vehicles, boats, and machinery. Research continues to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions from petrol engines.

Uploaded by

mridulmudai1991
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRESENTATION

ON PETROL
ENGINE

Presented By-Mridul Mudai


Sec-B4004
Roll No-B64
HISTORY OF PETROL ENGINES:
Petrol Engine was introduced by the German engineers Gottlieb
Daimler and Karl Benz in 1885.

The first petrol engine taxis began operating in London in 1903.


What Is a Petrol Engine?
Petrol Engine is an internal Combustion engine with spark ignition which
runs on petrol and other volatile fuels in which the combustion of fuel and an
oxidizer (typically air) occurs in a confined space called a combustion
chamber or a carburetor.The motion inside the engine is transferred outside
it to turn wheels and propellers or to operate machines. In this way, a petrol
engine turns heat energy into mechanical work.Petrol Engines are compact
and light in weight for the power they produce. Petrol Engine is a complex
piece of machinery made up of about 150 moving parts. It is a reciprocating
piston engine, in which a number of pistons move up and down in cylinders.
A mixture of petrol and air is introduced to the space above the pistons and
ignited.
PARTS OF A PETROL ENGINE:

1)CYLINDER BLOCK AND CYLINDERS

2) CRANKCASE

3) PISTON AND CONNECTING RODS

4) CRANK SHAFT

5) FLYWHEEL

6)VALVES

7)CAMSHAFT
Crankshaft (red), Pistons (gray) in their Cylinders (blue), and Flywheel
(black)
PARTS OF PETROL ENGINE SUBDIVIDED
INTO NUMBER OF SYSTEMS:

• THE FUEL SYSTEM: Pumps fuel from the petrol tank into the carburettor. There it
mixes with air and is sucked into the engine cylinders.

• THE IGNITION SYSTEM: Supplies the sparks to ignite the fuel mixture in the
cylinders. By means of an ignition coil and contact breaker, it boosts the 12-volt battery
voltage to pulses of 18,000 volts or more.

• WATER COOLING SYSTEM: Most engines have a water-cooling system, in which


water circulates through channels in the cylinder block, thus extracting the heat.

• THE LUBRICATION SYSTEM:It also removes some heat, but its main job is to keep
the moving parts coated with oil, which is pumped under pressure to the camshaft,
crankshaft, and valve-operating gear.
Working of A Petrol Engine:

Two Stroke Engine:


It is an internal combustion engine  that completes the process
cycle in one revolution of the crankshaft (an up stroke and a
down stroke of the piston.Since there are no dedicated intake or
exhaust strokes, alternative methods must be used to scavenge
the cylinders. The most common method in spark-ignition two-
strokes is to use the downward motion of the piston to
pressurize fresh charge in the crankcase, which is then blown
through the cylinder through ports in the cylinder walls.
Four Stroke Engine:

The intake stroke : The downward moving piston sucks a mixture of air and petrol
vapour into the cylinder through the inlet valve.

The compression stroke : The piston then moves upwards, compressing the gas
mixture.

The power stroke : Just before the piston reaches the top of the cylinder a spark from
the spark plug explodes the gas mixture. The pressure from the rapidly expanding gas
pushes the piston down and causes a flywheel that it is connected to by the crankshaft to
rotate. It is this rotation that is used to drive the wheels of the car.

The exhaust stroke: The piston moves upwards in the cylinder again to push out the
gases through the exhaust valve into the exhaust system of the vehicle. As the piston
moves down, it pulls more fuel/air mixture in to begin the cycle again.
KINDS OF PETROL ENGINE:
There are two main types of petrol engines, reciprocating engines and rotary engines.
Reciprocating engines have pistons that move up and down or back and forth.A rotary
engine, also known as a Wankel engine, uses devices called rotors instead of pistons. The
rotors produce rotary motion directly.

WANKEL ENGINE: 
 It is a type of internal combustion engine that uses a rotary design to convert
pressure into a rotating motion instead of using reciprocating pistons.
Petrol Engine vs. Diesel Engine:
Petrol Engine is SI ( Spark Ignition) and Diesel engine is
CI ( compression Ignition ).

The torque generated is more from a diesel engine


compared to same size petrol engine.

The Thermal efficiency of a Diesel engine is more in


compared to a same sized Petrol Engine.

Diesel engines consume around 30% less fuel than petrol


engines and this results in much lesser carbon dioxide
emissions.
Applications:
These engines are widely used in vehicles, portable power plants to supply the
power to run pumps and other machinery on farms. Many small boats, aero
planes, trucks and buses also use it.

Future Scope:
Continuous research is being carried to increase the fuel efficiency, reduce the
pollutants and make it more light and compact. Recently engineers at the
University of Birmingham have made the smallest petrol engine that can replace
conventional batteries. The engine is so tiny that it can be handled on a fingertip.
THANK YOU

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