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Intro Zoo Notes

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Laila Abdullah Amparo
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39 views

Intro Zoo Notes

Uploaded by

Laila Abdullah Amparo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

INTRODUCTION TO

ZOOLOGY

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Species of Organisms

• There are 13 billion known


species of organisms
• This is only 5% of all
organisms that ever lived!!!!!
• New organisms are still being
found and identified

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What is Classification?

■ Classification is the
arrangement of organisms into
orderly groups based on their
similarities
■ Classification is also known as
taxonomy
■ Taxonomists are scientists that
identify & name organisms

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Benefits of Classifying

• Accurately & uniformly names


organisms
• Prevents misnomers such as
starfish & jellyfish that aren't
really fish
• Uses same language (Latin or
some Greek) for all names
Sea”horse”??

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Confusion in Using Different
Languages for Names

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Latin Names are Understood
by all Taxonomists

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Standardized Naming
•Binomial
Turdus migratorius
nomenclature used
•Genus species
•Latin or Greek
•Italicized in print
•Capitalize genus, but
NOT species
•Underline when
writing

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American Robin
7
Binomial Nomenclature

Which TWO are more closely related?


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Rules for Naming Organisms

• The International Code for


Binomial Nomenclature contains
the rules for naming organisms
• All names must be approved by
International Naming Congresses
(International Zoological
Congress)
• This prevents duplicated names

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Classification Groups
• Taxon ( taxa-plural) is a category
into which related organisms are
placed
• There is a hierarchy of groups
(taxa) from broadest to most
specific
• Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class,
Order, Family, Genus, species
■

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Hierarchy-Taxonomic Groups

■ Domain BROADEST TAXON

■ Kingdom
■ Phylum
■ Class
■ Order
■ Family

■ Genus Most
Specific
■ Species
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■ Dumb
■ King

■ Phillip

■ Came

■ Over

■ For

■ Gooseberry

■ Soup!
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SPECIES

■ Group of organisms that resemble closely in


structure and function
■ Most specific classification unit
■ Like species breed with like species
■ Written in italics and is lower case
Genus

■ Written in italics and capitalized


FAMILY
ORDER
Class
Phylum

■ Animal kingdom contains about 35 phyla (9 contain the


most)
■ Plant kingdom contains about 12 phyla (or divisions)

*THIS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT TAXON IN ZOOLOGY*


KINGDOMS of EUKARYA
Protista (the single-celled eukaryotes)

Fungi (fungus and related organisms)

Plantae (the plants)

Animalia (the animals)

Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria)

Eubacteria (true bacteria)


Domain

Eukarya
• Fungi, animals, plants, protists
(multicellular)
Bacteria
• Prokaryotic organisms (unicellular)
Archea
• Survive in extreme environments
(unicellular)
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