EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY
#63,Magadi Main Road , Vishwaneedam Post , Bangalore - 560091

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Project Phase 2 Presentation
On
“AUTOMATED SOLAR GRASS CUTTER”
Under the Guidance of:

Dr. MARUTHI B H
Prof. & Head Of The Department
Dept. of ME, EWIT

Presented By;

Pallavi B C 1EW17ME128
Bhavishya R 1EW17ME132
Harshan B V 1EW18ME417
Rohith B 1EW18ME451
CONTENT:

=> Introduction
=> Literature Survey
=> Objectives
=> Methodology
=> Basic Principle Concept
=> Components Required
=> Circuit Diagram
=> Design Calculation
=> Conclution
 INTRODUCTION:
=> The first lawn mower was invented by Edwin Budding in 1830
=> Budding’s mover was designed primarily to cut the grass on sports ground & Extensive
Gardens
=> IN 1995-The first fully solar Powered Robotic mover became available
=> The mower can find charging stations via radio frequency emissions by following an
optional guide wire
=> This can eliminate the wear patterns in lawn caused by the mover only being able to
follow one wire back to station
=> The robot uses this wire to locate the boundary of the area to be trimmed and in some case
to locate a recharging dock
=> Robotic movers are capable of maintaining up to 20000 M2(220000 sqft) of grass
=> In 2012 growth of robotic lawn mover sales was 15times that of the traditional styles
=> Currently available electric lawn mowers will take more charging time than their working
on the field.
=> The solar grass cutter is more efficient due to its inbuilt Bluetooth feature.
Solar ways grass cutters are environmental friendly.
=> The normal mower has to be driven by humans which is tedious job.
LITERATURE SURVEY:
=>For our project of automated solar grass cutter we referred various literature, papers etc.. The history of lawn mowers dates back
in 1830 where first lawn mower was invented by EDWIN BUDDING in England to cut the grass on sports ground, these where
manually operated simple mechanism mowers. In todays market we can see many lawn mowers which are powered by IC engines
and DC motors etc..

=>Miss BHAGYASHREE R PATIL et. Al. [1] In this paper they have prepared solar based grass cutter which is capable to cut the
grass using renewable source of energy. They mainly aim to reduce the labour power scarcity in big cultivation land and also in big
lawns where it requires more than 4-5 members to trim the grass in the lawn and by using solar powered grass cutter, we can save
money, energy and time. They also aim to make a user friendly grass mower, where every person can operate the grass mower
effortlessly. By adopting solar energy as the main source of energy, they achieve most eco-friendly grass mower, which does not
make any noise unlike old IC engine based grass mowers and also they successfully achieve pollution less grass mower.

=>TUSHAR BAIGANE et. Al. [2] In this paper they have aim to prepare fully automated grass cutter. Automation is almost
everything nowadays, it plays a very important role in investigating, the grass cutter before used where manually handled which
where difficult in operating and not efficient as automated solar power grass cutter. The solar panel in the lawn mower acts as a main
source of energy or electrical energy so it is connected to a battery which acts as storage unit of electrical anergy and automated solar
grass cutter consists of an IR sensor which is used to detect obstacles in the field. Hence they are successful in preparing one of the
most efficient type of lawn mower.
=>
Vicky Jain et. al. [2] They have prepared wireless grass cutter. There are two main components such as transmitter and receiver.
Transmitter continuously transmits the rays if any obstacle come in front of grass cutter then the rays are reflected back towards the
receiver. The receiver receive the signals in the serial form encoder but microcontroller required parallel data for communication so
receiver sends data to decoder to convert data in the parallel form and then it passed to microcontroller. They have used solar panel
so it is not required to charge battery externally and battery is continuously charged at constant voltage when grass cutter is in
working. The battery is charged in day time by using solar panel and it is stored so we can use grass cutter at night time also.
Because of two DC motor both forward and backward motion of grass cutter can simultaneously possible.
CONCLUSION OF THE LITERATURE SURVEY:

=> We have referred the above reference papers for our project work and we have taken few ideas
from the papers and some ideas of our own is also implemented.
=> Most similar element is usage and promotion of renewable form of energy that is solar energy in
the project.
=> Unlike the above project we have taken the solar lawn mower to next level by adopting the
modern wireless network known as Bluetooth HC06 ,which is used to connect two devices
wirelessly and helps us to operate the lawn mover effortlessly.
=> There is special feature in our solar panel , the solar panel also tilt according to the movement of
the sun.
 OBJECTIVE:

=> The main goal of this project is to design a solar grass cutting machine for making the Cutting operation smooth
and with less effort. The main components used in this project are motors, blade, switch, battery, connecting wires and
cheesy. in this project this switch pad is used to control the cutting machine movement forward, backward. And to
on/off the motor containing a grass cutting blade on its shaft. The motors are powered by the battery.
=> For the manufacturing of a solar grass cutter we referred various literature, papers etc. The review of previous
method used given below: In this lawn mower uses an solar based energy source, which is easier to use, more
advantageous comparing to other energy source especially for gas based source of power .But our lawn cutter is based
on solar because this energy is a renewable energy source and it is easy to work. So we made solar powered
lawnmower.
=> To design and fabricate an automated lawn mower which requires minimum human supervision.
=> The lawn mower is to be programmed using the Arduino board and the Arduino IDE.
=> Design is intended to be simple and effective thereby making lawn mowing inexpensive.
=> Reduction in the use of fossil fuel.
=> Use of renewable energy.
=> It can control pollution and its eco friendly.
=> Reduce Noise Pollution.
=> Reduces the human efforts.
 METHODOLOGY:

=>This Automated solar Grass Cutter is a simple design which is

optimizing the usage of materials.
=>The overall dimensions are depending on the size or the
dimensions of the solar panel.
=>Three motors are used for rear tires and the blade The height of the
roof is depending on the height of the battery.
=>One motor is implemented for each rear tire The design is cost
effective and compatible to the main objectives
=>Aduino microcontroller known as the brain of the prototype and
PV panels are the main power supply.
=>During autonomous mode, the ultrasonic sensor was detecting the
obstacle.
=>The sensor transfers the information to the microcontroller
regarding the detected obstacle then the microcontroller will act, and
the grass cutter will change the direction.
Basic Principles of concept solar grass cutting:
=> A Solar grass cutter is a machine that uses sliding blades to cut a lawn at an
even length. Even more sophisticated devices are there in every field. Power
consumption becomes essential for future.
=> The solar grass cutter consists of the photovoltaic cell for the efficiency
power from solar panel. The DC to DC buck boost converter helps to step up the
DC voltage from the photovoltaic panel and store the DC voltage in a battery. It
is an automated system for the purpose of grass cutting.
=> The working principle of solar grass cutter is it has panels mounted in a
particular arrangement at an in such a way that it can receive solar radiation with
high intensity easily from the sun. These solar panels convert solar energy into
electrical energy.
=> This machine consists of the photovoltaic, dc to dc converter, motor,
controller, linear blades , battery. It is an automated system for the purpose of
grass cutting.
=> solar power as an energy source will address a number of issues that standard
internal combustion engine mowers do not. An electric grass cutter with a solar
charger will be easier to use. There is no messy dangerous gasoline to deal with
Most importantly it eliminates the emissions of an internal combustion mower.
COMONENTS REQUIRED:
=> Solar Panel; Solar energy begins with the sun. Solar
panels (also known as " PV panels") are used to convert light
from the sun, which is composed of particles of energy called "
photons ", into electricity that can be used to power electrical
loads.

=> Cutting Blades; The cutting blades are used to cut the
grass. Which is pace between the front and rare wheels.

=> DC Motor; The DC motor working principle is that a

current-carrying conductor experiences a mechanical force
when placed in a magnetic field. 
=> Bluetooth HC06; It is designed to enable wireless serial
communication between microcontroller (like Arduino) and
other Bluetooth enabled devices. HC-06 Bluetooth Module.

=> Light Sensors; A light sensor is a photoelectric device that

converts light energy (photons) detected to electrical energy
(electrons).

=> Battery; A lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery is an advanced battery

technology that uses lithium ions as a key component of its
electrochemistry. During a discharge cycle, lithium atoms in the
anode are ionized and separated from their electrons.
;;

.
=> Arduino Microcontroller; The Arduino Uno is an open-
source microcontroller board based on the Microchip
ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc. The board is
equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may
be interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits.

=>Motor Drives; A motor driver is undoubtedly something that

makes the motor move as per the given instructions or the inputs. It
listens to the low voltage from the controller/processor and control an
actual motor which needs high input voltage.
CIRCUIT DIADRAM:
The Automated Solar Grass Cutter is using circuit
connection to run the system. Connections where
designed using Fritzing software. As shown in the figure
the solar charge control, battery, step down voltage
regulator, Arduino UNO microcontroller, HC-06
Bluetooth module, Motor driver, motors and switch were
connected to each other. To avoid any damage in the
electrical appliances, the connections of the wires must
be carried out by software first and then it must be
simulated to avoid any damage occurs in the circuit.
 DESIGN CALCULATION:
=> Selection of electric motor:
=> Solar panel calculation:
a) 30 RPM DC Motor SPEED= 30
b) RPM VOLTAGE= 12VOLT a) VOLT= 12V
c) WATTS= 18WATT b) WATT= 5Watt
=> Torque of the motor: W= V*I
I= (W/V)
a) Torque= (P*60)/(2*3.14*N) I= (5/12)
Torque =(18*60)/(2*3.14*30) I= 416.6ma
Torque= 5.72*10E3 N-m

=> Electrical power equation: => Battery calculations:

a) Power P= I*V , a) BAH/CI= (8ah/ 416.6ma)= 19hrs

Where V= 12volts, W= 18watts, b) To find the current , Watt= 18W, Volt= 12V.
Hence I= (18/12)=1.5A P= V*I
I =(P/V) I=(18/12) I= 1.5AMPS.
c) Battery usage with 1.5AMPS
BAH/I = (8/1.5)= 5.3hrs
CONCLUSION:

=> Our project entitled Manufacturing of solar powered grass cutter is successfully completed and the results
obtained are satisfactory. It will be easier for the people who are going to take the project for the further
modifications . This project is more suitable for a common man as it is having much more advantageous i.e no
fuel cost.no pollution.no fuel residue. Less wear and tear because of less number of components and this can be
operated by using solar energy. this will give much more physical exercise to the people and can be easily
handled . This system can be operated in night time also as there is a facility to charge these batteries in day
light
=> The efficiency can be increased by using some other mechanism and speed of motor is reduced because we
have used heavy material and this material can be replaced by using light weight material . and design of blades
should be done based on types of grass is used to cut. The project which we have done surly reaches the average
families because the grass can be trimmed with minimum cost and with minimum time finally this project may
give an inspiration to the people who can modify and can obtain better results
Thank you