Welcome to English Class

Presented By

Md. Harunur Rashid Subject: English 1st Paper

Assistant Professor & Head Topic: Flow Chart
Department of English Class: XII, Section: S1 and B2
Nawab Habibullah Model School & Time: 35 Minutes
College. No. of Students: 55
 Flow Chart
1. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in
the flow chart showing the incidents of Velentina Tereskhova. (No. 1 has been done
for you). 2x5=10 [Unit–1; Lesson–3(1)]
Valentina Tereshkova was born in the village Maslennikovo, Tutayevsky District, in
Central Russia. Tereshkova’s father was a tractor driver and her mother worked in a
textile plant. Tereshkova began school in 1945 at the age of eight, but left school in
1953 and continued her education through distance learning. She became interested in
parachuting from a young age, and trained in skydiving at the local Aeroclub, making
her first jump at age 22 on 21 May 1959. At that time she was employed as a textile
worker in a local factory. It was her expertise in skydiving that led to her selection as a
cosmonaut.

1. Beginning school in 1945  2  3  4  5  6

 Flow Chart
2.Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the life history of Nelson Mandela (No. 1 has
been done for you) : 2x5=10 [Unit–1, Lesson–2]
“He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are,” Nadim Gordimer, the
South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked. The years Mandela spent behind bars
made him the world’s most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black
South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country’s borders. Charged with capital offences in
the 1963 Rivonia Trial, his statement from the dock was his political testimony. “During my lifetime I have
dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have
fought against black domination.” “I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all
persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities,” he told the court. “It is an ideal I hope to live
for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” Friends adored Mandela and
fondly called him “Madiba,” the clan name by which he was known. People lauded his humanity, kindness
and dignity.

 1. A leader of mythic stature  2  3  4  5  6

 Flow Chart
3. Read the passage taken from the historic speech of the Father of the Nation, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman and then make a flow chart mentioning his demands and plans. 2x5=10 [Unit–1; Lesson–1]
My brothers,
The Assembly has been called into session on the 25th of March. But the blood spilled on our streets has not yet dried.
About the 10th of this month, I have told them: Mujibur Rahman won’t join the Round Table Conference because that
would mean wading over the blood that has been shed. Although you have called the Assembly into session, you’ll have
to listen to my demands first. You’ll have to withdraw Martial Law. You’ll have to return all army personnel to their
barracks. You’ll have to investigate the way our people have been murdered. And you’ll have to transfer power to the
representatives of the people. It is only then that I’ll decide whether we will take our seats in the Assembly or not. I don’t
want the Prime Minister’s office. We want the people of this country to have their rights. I want to state clearly that from
this day Bangladesh's courts, magistracies, government offices and educational institutions will be shut down indefinitely.
So that the poor don’t have to suffer, so that my people don’t have to go through hardships, all other things will be
exempted from the General Strike from tomorrow. Rickshaws, horse carriages, trains, and launches will be allowed to
move. Only the Secretariat, the Supreme Court, the High Court, Judges’ Court, and semi-government organizations such
as WAPDA will not be allowed to work. On the 28th employees will go and collect their salaries. If their salaries are not
paid, if another bullet is fired, if my people are shot dead again, I request all of you : convert every house into a fort;
confront the enemy with whatever you have. And even at the risk of your life, and even if I am not around to direct you,
shut down all shops and make sure that traffic on all roads and ports are brought to a standstill. If need be, we will starve
to death, but we’ll go down striving for our rights.
1. Shutting down of government institutions  2  3  4  5  6
 Flow Chart
4. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the background of our
Liberation War. (One is done for you). 2x5=10 [Unit–1; Lesson–1]
The history of Bengal is the history of a people who have repeatedly made their highways
crimson with their blood. We shed blood in 1952; even though we were the victors in the
elections of 1954 we could not form a government then. In 1958 Ayub Khan declared
Martial Law to enslave us for the next ten years. In 1966 when we launched the six-point
movement, our boys were shot dead on 7 June. When after the movement of 1969 Ayub
Khan fell from power and Yahya Khan assumed the reins of the government, he declared
that he would give us a constitution and restore democracy; we listened to him then. A lot
has happened since and elections have taken place.

1. Bloodshed in 1952 for mother tongue  2  3  4  5  6

 Flow Chart
5. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing
the incidents of Kalpana Chawla. (No. 1 has been done for you). 2x5=10 [Unit–1; Lesson–3(1)]
Chawla was born in Kamal, India. She completed her earlier schooling at Tagore Baal Niketan Senior
Secondary School, Kamal. She is the first Indian-born woman and the second person in space from this
subcontinent. After graduating in Aeronautical Engineering from Punjab Engineering College, India, in 1982,
Chawla moved to the United States the same year. She obtained her Master's degree in Aerospace Engineering
from the University of Texas in 1984. Later she did her Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering in 1988 from the
University of Colorado. Determined to become an astronaut even in the face of the Challenger disaster 1986
that broke apart 73 seconds into its flight, leading to the deaths of its seven crew members, Chawla joined
NASA in 1988. She began working as a Vice President where she did Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
research on vertical take-off and landing. In 1991 she got U.S. citizenship and started her career as a NASA
astronaut in 1995. She was selected for her first flight in 1996. She spoke the following words while travelling
in the weightlessness of space, "You are just your intelligence." She had travelled 10.67 C) million miles, as
many as 252 times around the Earth.
1. completed her earlier schooling at Tagor Baal Niketan Senior Secondary School, Karnal
 2  3  4  5  6
 Flow Chart
6. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the causes of traffic jam in Dhaka .
2x5=10 [Unit-4; Lesson-2]
Dhaka’s infrastructure doesn’t match the scale of its population. Just 7 percent of the city is covered by roads, compared
with around 25 percent of Paris and Vienna. Dhaka also suffers from the absence of a planned road network. There are
650 major intersections, but only 60 traffic lights, many of which don’t work. That means the police force isn’t enforcing
driving or parking rules; they’re in the intersections, directing traffic. The cost of Dhaka’s traffic congestion is estimated
at $3.8 billion a year, and that’s just the delays and air pollution, not the less-tangible losses in quality of life.
Paradoxically, the poor infrastructure is one of the reasons why the city is growing so fast. Without roads or trains to
whisk them to the suburbs, Dhaka residents have no choice but to crowd into the middle, set up slums between high-rises,
and walk to work.
Then there are the users of the roads. Besides pedestrians, the narrow lanes are shared by bicycles, rickshaws, scooters,
motorcycles, CNGs, buses, and cars. All these modes take up a different amount of space and have different top speeds.
Most people you talk to in Bangladesh blame the traffic jams on the rickshaws. There are too many of them, they say, and
they drive so slowly that they trap the cars, buses, and CNGs behind them. The government is under pressure to designate
some lanes as car-only, to build wider roads and overpasses, to take the slow traffic out from in front of the fast.

1. Poor infrastructure  2  3  4  5  6
 Flow Chart
7. Read the passage below and make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the etiquette and
manners a child should follow. (No. 1 is done for you.) 2×5=10 [Unit—7; Lesson—1]
As a child you must have been told to greet your elders and visitors to your home according to your culture and tradition.
You must also have been taught to be polite in company and keep quiet while others, especially your elders, spoke.
Possibly, you at times grudged such schooling. Possibly, at times you even protested such disciplining. Now, certainly you
know that you can’t always behave the way you want specially in the presence of others. There are rules of behaviour you
have to follow in a company. We are social beings and have to consider the effect of our behaviour on others, even if we
are at home and dealing with our family members. We have two terms to describe our social behaviour–‘etiquette’ and
‘manners’. ‘Etiquette’ is a French word and it means the rules of correct behaviour in society. The word ‘manners’ means
the behaviour that is considered to be polite in a particular society or culture. Manners can be good or bad. For example, it
is a bad manner to speak with food in one’s mouth. No one likes a bad-mannered person. Remember that etiquette and
manners vary from culture to culture and from society to society. We learn etiquette and manners from our parents,
families and various institutions, such as schools, colleges or professional bodies. There are rules of behaviour for all kinds
of social occasions and it is important to learn them and practise them in everyday life. The manners that are correct in a
wedding reception will not do in a debating club. Therefore, we have to be careful about etiquette and manners. We know
how important it is to say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ in everyday life. A few more polite expressions such as ‘pardon me’,
‘excuse me’, ‘may I’, are bound to make your day smooth and pleasant.

1. Greeting elders and visitors at home  2.  3.  4.  5.  6.

 Flow Chart
8. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing how women in our country lose connection with
the outside world and get confined in the household with no chance of self-reliance. (No. 1 has been done
for you). 2x5=10 [Unit–(5); Lesson–2(iii & iv)]
In Bangladesh, the legal age of marriage for girls is 18. However, 33% of our girls get married before they
are 15 years old and 60% of them give birth by the time they reach 19. When an adolescent girl gets
married she usually drops out of school and thus loses her mobility. She gets confined to full-time work in
her in-laws' household. She loses social status and the opportunities for economic independence. In her in-
laws' house she gets marginalized. She becomes vulnerable to all sorts of abuse, including dowry-related
violence. In our country it is still common for the bride's family to pay dowry, despite the practice being
illegal. Dowry demands can continue even years after marriage. An adolescent bride, even if her in-laws
are supportive, faces enormous health risk during pregnancy and child birth. Majority of our people are
uninformed or insufficiently informed about reproductive health. The maternal mortality rate among
adolescents is double the national rate.

1. Getting married early  2  3  4  5  6

 Flow Chart
9. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the definition and causes of conflict. (One is
done for you.) 2x5=10 [Unit–10; Lesson–2]
Conflict can be described as a disagreement among groups or individuals characterized by antagonism and
hostility. This is usually fueled by the opposition of one party to another in an attempt to reach an objective
different from that of the other party. The elements involved in the conflict have varied sets of principles
and values, thus allowing a conflict to arise.
Conflict can be defined in many ways but one of the simplest is that it pertains to the opposing ideas and
actions of different entities, resulting in an antagonistic state. Conflict is an inevitable part of life. All of us
possess our own opinions, ideas and sets of beliefs. We have our own ways of looking at things and we act
according to what we think is proper. Hence, we often find ourselves in conflict in different scenarios; it
may involve other individuals, groups of people, or a struggle within our own selves. Consequently,
conflict influences our actions and decisions in one way or another.

1. A disagreement among groups or individuals  2  3  4  5  6

10. Based on reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flowchart showing the
names of some important diasporas and the causes mentioned in the passage. (No. 1 has been done for
you). 2x5=10 [Unit–9; Lesson–1]
The term 'diaspora' is used to refer to people who have left their homelands and settled in other parts of
the world, either because they were forced to do so or because they wanted to leave on their own. The
word is increasingly used for such people as a collective group and/or a community. The world has seen
many diasporas but scholars have been studying the phenomenon with great interest only in recent
decades.
Among the great diasporas of history is that of the Jewish people, who were forced to leave their lands in
ancient times. The movement of Aryans from Central Europe to the Indian subcontinent thousands of years
ago is also a noteworthy diaspora, although the causes of this diaspora are unclear. In twentieth century
history, the Palestinian diaspora has attracted a lot of attention and been a cause of concern for world
leaders because of the plight of Palestinians. There have been massive diasporas in Africa, too, over the
centuries, either because of war or because of the ravages of nature. But the chief reason why the
phenomenon of diaspora is attracting so much attention now is globalization.
1. Diaspora of the Jewish people in ancient times  2  3  4  5  6
11. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing what IDRI is going to develop to prevent
leprosy. (One is done for you.) 2x5=10 [Unit—2; Lesson—2]
At IDRI, we are also attacking leprosy in two different ways.
First, by developing a fast, easy-to-use test that provides an early diagnosis of infection before clinical
symptoms, such as nerve damage, begin to appear. This new approach is far superior to the traditional
method of diagnosis, which has generally involved clinical and microscopic assessment. IDRI is also
developing a companion test so that we can identify which people will likely progress to the disease and to
determine the appropriate course of treatment.
And, second, by developing a vaccine that can be used therapeutically in conjunction with antibiotics to
shorten therapy. IDRI's diagnostic tools would be used to identify infected individuals and IDRI's vaccine
would then be used on a targeted basis for treatment of the patient as well as to immunize family
members and close contacts. This treatment and prevention strategy has been significantly bolstered by
support from some pharmaceutical giants that donate the currently used antibiotics.

1. Attacking leprosy in two different ways  2  3  4  5  6

12. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the characteristics of folk music according to our culture
and tradition. (One is done for you). 2x5=10 [Unit–13; Lesson–2]
Folk music consists of songs and music of community that are uninfluenced by any sophisticated musical rules or any
standard music styles. Bangladesh has a heritage of rich folk music which includes both religious and secular songs.
Folk music may be described as that type of ancient music which springs from the heart of a community, based on their
natural style of expression uninfluenced by the rules of classical music and modern popular songs. Any mode or form
created by the combination of tune, voice and dance may be described as music. Thus, the combination of folk song,
folk dance and folk tune may be called folk music. For example, Baul songs are a combination of tune, music and
dance. In Bangladesh folk music has great variety, with songs being composed on the culture, festivals, views of life,
natural beauty, rivers and rural and riverine life. These songs are also about social inequality and poverty, about the
material world and the supernatural. Mystical songs have been composed using the metaphors of rivers and boats.
Since our country is basically riverine, the Bhatiyali forms an important genre of folk music. Folk music is formed and
develops according to the environment. Differences in the natural environment are reflected in the people of different
regions. The dialects too vary across the different regions. Bangladeshi folk music therefore varies from region to
region.

1. Religious songs  2  3  4  5  6
13. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the important aspects of
craftwork. (No. 1 has been done for you) 2x5=10 [Unit–13; Lesson–3]
A craftwork is an applied form of art, a social and cultural product reflecting the inclusive
nature of folk imagination. A craftwork, which usually doesn't bear the signature of its
maker, retains a personal touch. When we look at a thirty year old nakshikantha we
wonder at its motifs and designs that point to the artistic ingenuity and the presence of the
maker in it. The fact that we don't know her name or any other details about her doesn't
take anything away from our appreciation of the artist. Indeed, the intimate nature of the
kantha and the tactile feeling it generates animate the work and make it very inviting. A
craftwork is shaped by the interaction of individual creativity and community aesthetics,
utility functions and human values. It is distinguished by its maker's desire to locate
himself or herself in the wider and ever-changing cultural aspirations of the community,
and subsequently of the market.
1. An applied form of art  2  3  4  5  6
 Flow Chart
14. Read the following text and make a flow chart mentioning the dreams of Martin
Luther King Jr.. (No. 1 has been done for you) 2x5=10 Unit-3, Lesson-3
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former
slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day
even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of
oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little
children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the
content of their character. I have a dream today. I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its
VICIOUS racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of 'interposition' and
'nullification', that one day right down in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join
hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today. I have a dream
that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places
will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, "and the glory of the Lord shall be
revealed, and all flesh shall see it together".
1. An applied form of art  2  3  4  5  6
15. Read the following text and make a flow chart showing the findings of the survey. (No. 1 has been done for you)
2x5=10
The survey report, a copy of which was acquired by the Dhaka Tribune, read that nearly 40% of 82
samples of milk, milk products, fish, fruits and vegetables contained banned pesticides such as DDT,
Aldrin, Chlordane and Heptachlor. The amounts of pesticide in these samples were found to be 3 to 20
times greater than the limits set by the European Union. Around 50% vegetables and 35% fruits were
found to be contaminated with unsafe level ofpesticides. 56 English For Today Analysing more than 30
samples of turmeric powder (branded, packaged and open), the team also found that nearly 30% of the
samples contained traces of lead chromate, which can be fatal if swallowed or inhaled. These samples
also contained lead at 20 to 50 times above the safety limit of 2.5 parts per million set by the Bangladesh
Standard Testing Institute (BSTI). Arsenic and chromium above safety limits were detected in a total of 5
out of 13 rice samples. Using a sensitive High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method
developed by the Food Safety Lab, 66 samples were analysed for the presence of formaldehyde.
Adulteration was thereby detected in samples of coriander, mango and fresh shrimps.
Thank you very much