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Fuzzy Logic and Its Applications: by Swaroop.M.R 2SD07CS106 Under The Guidance of TGS

This document discusses fuzzy logic, its definition, representation, and applications. Fuzzy logic provides a method to formalize reasoning with vague terms and allows for degrees of membership rather than discrete binary values. It uses linguistic variables and membership functions to map real-world values to fuzzy sets. Fuzzy logic has been applied in many fields including control systems, pattern recognition, diagnostics, and more to improve efficiency and simplicity over conventional binary systems. It provides an alternative way to represent subjective attributes and uncertainties in computing.

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Swaroop Shenvi
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50 views

Fuzzy Logic and Its Applications: by Swaroop.M.R 2SD07CS106 Under The Guidance of TGS

This document discusses fuzzy logic, its definition, representation, and applications. Fuzzy logic provides a method to formalize reasoning with vague terms and allows for degrees of membership rather than discrete binary values. It uses linguistic variables and membership functions to map real-world values to fuzzy sets. Fuzzy logic has been applied in many fields including control systems, pattern recognition, diagnostics, and more to improve efficiency and simplicity over conventional binary systems. It provides an alternative way to represent subjective attributes and uncertainties in computing.

Uploaded by

Swaroop Shenvi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fuzzy Logic and its Applications

By
Swaroop.M.R
2SD07CS106

Under the Guidance of


TGS
Contents
1. Introduction to Fuzzy Logic
a. Definition , Description with example.
b. Fuzzy Logic - Representation
2. Membership Functions : Examples
3. Fuzzy Sets
4. Information Flow in Fuzzy Systems
5. Applications
6. Benefits
7. Conclusion
8. References
1.Introduction
• In this seminar the presentation includes the
definition ,essence and application of Fuzzy
Logic .
• Fuzzy logic is a main tool for designing a
intelligent / ubiquitous /context aware systems.
• Fuzzy logic can represent multiple states of a
given entity like temperature (low, medium,
normal, high, very high, etc)
1a.Fuzzy Logic – A Definition

Fuzzy logic provides a method to formalize reasoning


when dealing with vague terms. Traditional computing
requires finite precision which is not always possible in
real world scenarios. Not every decision is either true
or false, or as with Boolean logic either 0 or 1. Fuzzy
logic allows for membership functions, or degrees of
truthfulness and falsehoods. Or as with Boolean logic,
not only 0 and 1 but all the numbers that fall in
between.
WHAT IS FUZZY LOGIC?
 Definition of fuzzy
 Fuzzy – “not clear, distinct, or precise; blurred”

 Definition of fuzzy logic


 A form of knowledge representation suitable for notions that cannot

be defined precisely, but which depend upon their contexts.


1b. FUZZY LOGIC REPRESENTATION
Slowest
 For every problem
[ 0.0 – 0.25 ]
must represent in
terms of fuzzy sets.
Slow
[ 0.25 – 0.50 ]

Fast
[ 0.50 – 0.75 ]

Fastest
[ 0.75 – 1.00 ]
FUZZY LOGIC REPRESENTATION CONT.

Slowest Slow Fast Fastest


float speed;
get the speed
if ((speed >= 0.0)&&(speed < 0.25)) {
// speed is slowest
}
else if ((speed >= 0.25)&&(speed < 0.5))
{
// speed is slow
}
else if ((speed >= 0.5)&&(speed < 0.75))
{
// speed is fast
}
else // speed >= 0.75 && speed < 1.0
{
// speed is fastest
}
2.Membership Functions (MFs)
• Linguistic terms – Fuzzy Terms called as Linguistic
Terms.
• Definition-These are the input or output variables of
the system whose values are words or sentences
from a natural language instead of numerical values.

• Characteristics of MFs:
– Subjective measures
– Not probability functions
Membership Functions
• Definition-Membership functions are used in
the fuzzification and defuzzification steps of a
given statement, to map the non-fuzzy input
values to fuzzy linguistic terms and vice-versa.

• A membership function is used to qualify a


linguistic term.
Types of Membership Functions

• Singleton Functions. – Only for 2 possibility


Ex- inside , outside

• Trapezoidal Function.- More than 2 possibility


Ex – Low , Medium ,High
3.Fuzzy Sets
• Formal definition:
A fuzzy set A in X is expressed as a set of ordered
pairs:
A = {(x, Ma (x)) , x ϵ X }

Membership
Fuzzy set Universe or
function
universe of discourse
(MF)

A fuzzy set is totally characterized by a


membership function (MF).
Fuzzy Set Operations

• Max – OR ( ex – Max (1 ,2) =2 )

• Min – AND ( ex – Min (1,2) = 1 )

• PROD – AND ( ex – PROD (1,2) = 1)


4.Information flow in Fuzzy System
Example

INPUT Fuzzification Rule Association Defuzzification

Temp = 10 C Temp = Low Temp = High Temp = 25


Fuzzy Sets
• Sets with fuzzy boundaries
• A = Set of tall people
X X
Crisp set A Fuzzy set A

1.0
Membership
1.0 function
0.9

0.5

Y Y
5.10 Height 5.10 6.2 Height
6.BENEFITS OF USING FUZZY LOGIC
FUZZY LOGIC IN OTHER FIELDS

 Business

 Hybrid Modelling

 Expert Systems
How is Fuzzy Logic Used?
Fuzzy Mathematics

 Fuzzy Numbers – almost 5, or more than


50

 Fuzzy Geometry – Almost Straight Lines

 Fuzzy Algebra – Not quite a parabola

 Fuzzy Calculus

 Fuzzy Graphs – based on fuzzy points


General Fuzzified Applications

• Quality Assurance

• Error Diagnostics

• Control Theory

• Pattern Recognition
Specific Fuzzified Applications

• Otis Elevators • Cranes

• Vacuum Cleaners
• Electric Razors
• Hair Dryers
• Camcorders
• Air Control in Soft Drink
Production
• Television Sets
• Noise Detection on Compact
Disks • Showers
Expert Fuzzified Systems

• Medical Diagnosis

• Legal

• Stock Market Analysis

• Mineral Prospecting

• Weather Forecasting

• Economics

• Politics
Common Objections to Fuzzy Logic

• Much of the opposition to fuzzy logic is based


on the misconception

• Fuzzy logic invites the belief that the modeling


process generates imprecise answers
Conclusion

• The exact directions and extent of future


developments will be dictated by advancing
technology and market forces
• Fuzzy logic is a tool and can only useful and
powerful when combined with Analytical
Methodologies and Machine Reasoning
Techniques
 Fuzzy logic provides an alternative way to represent
linguistic and subjective attributes of the real world in
computing.
 It is able to be applied to control systems and other
applications in order to improve the efficiency and
simplicity of the design process.
References
Fuzzy Logic. Fuzzy Logic - a powerful new technology.
http://www.austinlinks.com/Fuzzy/

FuzzyNet On-line. Automatic Transmission


http://www.aptronix.com/fuzzynet/applnote/transmis.htm

Garner, Martin. Weird Water and Fuzzy Logic: More notes of a Fringe Watcher.

Generation 5. An Introduction to Fuzzy Logic.


http://www.generation5.org/fuzzyintro.shtml

Sowell, Thomas . FUZzy Logic For “Just Plain Folks” .

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