Scribd
Upload
162 views

MEC 412 Experiment 1 - Mechanisms

The document describes 6 different mechanisms: 1) A Quick Return mechanism uses links and turning pairs to produce reciprocating motion where the return stroke is faster than the forward stroke. 2) A Cam and Follower mechanism converts rotary motion to linear motion using a cam shape that causes a follower to rise and fall. 3) A Scotch-Yoke mechanism uses a crank and slider to output a simple harmonic motion from a constant speed input. 4) A Geneva Drive mechanism uses slots on a Geneva wheel to convert input rotations to intermittent output rotations. 5) A Ratchet and Pawl mechanism uses teeth and a pivoting pawl to allow motion in only one direction

Uploaded by

Anas Omar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
162 views

MEC 412 Experiment 1 - Mechanisms

The document describes 6 different mechanisms: 1) A Quick Return mechanism uses links and turning pairs to produce reciprocating motion where the return stroke is faster than the forward stroke. 2) A Cam and Follower mechanism converts rotary motion to linear motion using a cam shape that causes a follower to rise and fall. 3) A Scotch-Yoke mechanism uses a crank and slider to output a simple harmonic motion from a constant speed input. 4) A Geneva Drive mechanism uses slots on a Geneva wheel to convert input rotations to intermittent output rotations. 5) A Ratchet and Pawl mechanism uses teeth and a pivoting pawl to allow motion in only one direction

Uploaded by

Anas Omar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Experiment 1: Mechanisms

Prepared by Eng. Anas Mustafa


Mechanisms

Linkage can be defined as joints that connecting a


system of links with rotary or linear bearing.

Linkage that has at least one fixed link is a


mechanism.

Mechanisms are rigid bodies (e.g. links)


connected by joints in order to accomplish a
desired force and/or motion transmission.
Degrees of Freedom

 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) of a mechanism is


the number of independent relative motions
among the rigid bodies.

The position and orientation of a rigid body in


space is defined by three components of
translation and three components of rotation,
which means that it has six degrees of freedom.

The Gruebler’s equation is given by:


Joints

Full Joints

Half Joints
Mechanism 1 Whitworth Quick Return

A
  Quick Return mechanism is an
apparatus to produce a reciprocating motion
in which the time taken for travel in return
stroke is less than in the forward stroke. It is
driven by a circular motion source and uses
a system of links with three turning pairs
and a sliding pair.

The ratio between the return motion and the


forward motion is given by:
Mechanism 2 Cam & Follower

A Cam and Follower mechanism is a profiled


shape mounted on a shaft that causes a lever
or follower to move. Cams are used to convert
rotary to linear (reciprocating) motion. As
the cam rotates, the follower rises and falls in
a process known as reciprocating motion.

The mechanism is developed by incorporating


three members they are, a driver member
named Cam, a frame that supports cam and
follower, the follower is guided by the frame
and lastly, the driven member named as a
follower.
Mechanism 3 Scotch-Yoke

The Scotch-Yoke mechanism is a four-bar


mechanism in which a crank is connected by a
slider with another link which, in turn, forms a
prismatic pair with the frame.

When the crank is driven with a constant


speed, the slider moving on the frame can
output a simple harmonic motion.

The Scotch-Yoke mechanism can be used as


the driving mechanism for pumps and
compressors.
Mechanism 4 Geneva Drive

In Geneva mechanism, the ratio for the


number of turns of the crank wheel to Geneva
wheel is usually four-to-one but can also be
six-to-one or even more, depending on the
number of slots on the Geneva wheel. Geneva
wheel was used to prevent over winding in
early watches and music boxes. From this
application, they also are called Geneva
Stops. As a stop, the crank wheel is fastened
to the spring shaft, and B turns on the axis of
the spring barrel. The time spent whilst not
moving the Geneva wheel is called dwell time.
Mechanism 5 Ratchet & Pawl

A Ratchet is a mechanical device that allows


continuous linear or rotary motion in only one
direction while preventing motion in the opposite
direction. Ratchets are widely used in machinery
and tools. The word ratchet is also used
informally to refer to a ratcheting socket wrench.

A ratchet consists of a round gear or a


linear rack with teeth, and a pivoting, spring-
loaded finger called a Pawl that engages the
teeth.

The teeth are uniform but asymmetrical, with


each tooth having a moderate slope on one
edge and a much steeper slope on the other
edge.
Mechanism 6 Crank & Slider

A Crank & Slider mechanism is a four-bar


mechanism that has three revolute joints and
one prismatic, or sliding, joint.

The rotation of the crank drives the linear


movement the slider, or the expansion of
gases against a sliding piston in a cylinder can
drive the rotation of the crank.

Top Dead Center (TDC) and Bottom Dead


Center (BDC) are decided by the Link 2 length.

The reciprocating motion created by a steadily


rotating crank and connecting rod is
approximately simple harmonic motion.
Thank You

Prepared by Eng. Anas Mustafa

You might also like