clause

• Clause is a series of words which contain a

subject and a verb.
• Noun clause is a clause which functions as a
noun.
• Because it functions as a noun, noun clause
can fill the position which can be filled by a
noun.
• The positions are the subject, object,
complement and object of preposition.
 CLAUSE AS SUBJECT
• All subject has to be noun.
• A clause can be in the form of:
a positive statement : She has a car.
a negative statement : She doesn’t have a car.
a yes-no question : Does she have a car?
a wh-question : How many cars does she have?
• Because a subject has to be noun, a clause has
to be in the form of a noun clause.
 Positive and negative statement as subject

She has a car.

This is not a secret.

If a statement, positive or negative has to be a

subject, it has to begin with that

That she has a car is not a secret.

Dalam bahasa Indonesia that diterjemahkan

dengan bahwa.
 She does not have a car.

This is not a secret.

That she does not have a car is not a secret.

She does not have a car.

This makes her life difficult

 Combine these sentences
1. a. He resigned from his position as the manager of the
bank.
b. This surprised everyone in the bank.
2. a. The new comer bought a nice car.
b. This made some of the neighbours envy.
3. a. She felt very nervous.
b. This could be seen from the motion of her eyes.
4. a. The earth is round.
b. This causes the day and night.
5. a. She is the best in her class.
b. This is known to everybody.
 Yes-no question as subject
Does she have a car?

This is not important to me.

If a yes-no question has to be a subject, it has to

begin with whether (or whether or not), and become
a statement.

Whether she has a car is not important to me.

 Combine the followings
1. a. Will I continue my study to college?
b. This depends on the financial condition of my
father.
2. a. Can my sister work here?
b. This will be decided by the management.
3. a. Does he live in Purwokerto?
b. This can be seen from the id card.
4. a. Did the manager embezzle the firm’s money?
b. This is being investigated by the police.
5. a. Can we translate well?
b. This depends on our grammar and vocabulary
mastery.
 Wh-question as subject

How many cars does she have?

This is not important to me.

If a wh-question has to be a subject, it has to

begin with the question word and become
a statement.

How many cars she has is not important to me.

 Combine the followings
1. a. Who is he?
b. This should be known soon.
2. a. Where was he born?
b. This usually influences his character.
3. a. When will the headmaster retire?
b. This is not known yet.
4. a. Why did the accident happen?
b. This is being investigated by the police.
5. a. What assistance shall we provide to the
earthquake victims?
b. This will not be in our agenda.
statement

yes-no question as object

wh-question
 statement as object

He is a smart student.

We know this.
S V O

We know that he is a smart student.

We know he is a smart student.

 yes/no question as object

Does he live near here? The previous rule about

yes/no question as
subject applies here.
I do not know this.

I do not know (does he live near here)

I do not know whether he lives here

 wh-question as object

What is gethuk? wh + S + V

Do you know this?

Do you know (what is gethuk)?

Do you know what gethuk is?

 Combine the following sentences.
1. a. We have to sell all our assets.
b. I think this.
2. a. Does your mother work?
b. They want to know this.
3. a. Why did you buy the printers in Semarang?
b. I do not understand this.
4. a. Is there life in Mars?
b. The world scientists continue investigating this.
5. a. Where does Pemalang lie?
b. Can you tell me this?
6. a. What does proxy mean?
b. I want to ask you this.
7. a. The janitor is an honest man.
b. Do you believe this?
8. a. Where can we find such wood?
b. I am sorry I cannot inform you this.
9. a. Where did you put your wallet?
b. Do you remember this?
10. a. Who invented the diesel engine?
b. Do you know this?
Statement as complement

We have to buy a new printer.

The decision is this.

The decision is that we have to buy a new printer.

yes/no-question as complement

Should we move to other town?

The question is this.

The question is whether we should move to other town.

 wh-question as complement

Where did he hide the gold?

What we want to know is this.

What we want to know is where he hid the gold
Combine the following pairs of sentences

1. a. Will Mount Slamet erupt?

b. What we do not know is this?
2. a. Where shall we go to find shelter?
b. The question is this.
3. a. Why didn’t he write the paper in English?
b. What I do not know is this.
4. a. Is the manager involved in the graft case?
b. The enigma is this.
5. a. Why should Indonesia import salt?
b. What I don’t understand is this.
Do you know what ___?
a. does he mean
b. he mean
c. mean he
d. he means
6. a. Can the water be drunk?
b. The focus of the research is this.
7. a. How did she support her life without parents?
b. What we still do not know is this.
8. a. Was Ahmad Dahlan the founder of Muhammadiyah?
b. The question is this.
9. a. Is Soekarno a Balinese or Javanese?
b. What we have to find out is this.
10. a. Should I get a job or continue my study?
b. What I have to decide is this.
 a. What will he say?

b. You must listen to this.

You must listen to what he will say

a. Does he agree with our proposal?

b. Our project depends on this.

Our project depends on

whether he agrees with our
proposal or not.
 Changing conditional with noun
clauses
1. If it does not rain I will come to the party.
2. If you study hard you will pass the exam.
3. If you are polite to others, others will be
polite to you.
4. If the car is cheap, I will buy it.
5. If the village is far I will not visit it.
6. If you do not like it I will not buy the
painting.
 Combine the following pair of sentences.

1. a. Why is there day and night?

b. Can you give explanation about this?
2. a. How long does the earth revolve around the sun?
b. Explanation about this takes a lot of time.
3. a. How much money does someone have?
b. Very often people’s respect towards someone
depends on this.
4 a. Was Soekarno involved in G30S/PKI?
b. There are a lot of controversies about this
5. a. What do people think about me?
b. I do not care to this.
6. a. Is song good for teaching English?
b. The discussion about this will be presented in
tomorrow’s workshop.
7. a. Can the fish from this river be eaten?
b. The decision about this should wait for the result of the
research.
8. a. Can we use translation to explain vocabulary?
b. The problem about this is up to the teacher.
9. a. How much profit can we get?
b. Our project is based on this.
10. a. What does he write in the book?
b. According to this, we are free to choose our method of
teaching.
 Translate the following sentences.

1. Apakah kamu setuju dengan apa yang dia katakan?

2. Kesimpulannya bisa ditarik dari apa yang tertulis
pada paragraph pertama.
3. Pembahasan tentang apakah bahasa Inggris itu
penting atau tidak, tidak perlu dilanjutkan.
4. Saya tidak tertarik pada apa yang dia katakan, tapi
pada apa yang dia kenakan.
5. Mereka terkejut dengan apa yang mereka lihat tadi
pagi.
6. Masa depanmu ditentukan oleh apa yang kamu
lakukan hari ini.
7. Pernyataanmu tidak sejalan dengan apa yang
tertulis dalam makalahmu.
8. Sudah banyak ramalan tentang siapa yang akan
memimpin Indonesia lima tahun mendatang.
9. Kamu harus bertanggungjawab atas apa yang
telah kamu lakukan.
10. Keputusan tentang apakah SPP akan naik atau
tidak akan diumumkan minggu depan.
 Choose the correct option
1. ___ an old car is not important to know.
a. why did she buy
b. she bought
c. did she buy
d. why she bought
2. ___ will determine your success.
a. I want to say
b. what do I want to say
c. that want to say
d. what I want to say
3. The problem is ___our problem or not.
a. does he understand
b. he understands
c. understand
d. whether he understand
4. We will not discuss about where ___ the money from.
a. did he get
b. whether he got
c. got
d. he got
5. Do you know ___ ?
a. where does he live
b. he live
c. does he live
d. where he lives
6
6. Please, pay attention to ___ the hinges.
a. How did he weld
b. He weld
c. How he welded
d. Whether welded
7. The explanation about ___ is confusing.
a. He died of cancer or not
b. Did he die of cancer
c. Whether he died of cancer
d. Died of cancer
8. Information about ___ from his position is not clear.
a. Why he resigned
b. Why did he resign
c. He resigned
d. resigned
9. Decision about ___ can be accessed via
internet.
a. You passed or not
b. Did you pass or not.
c. Do you pass or not
d. Whether you passed or not
 True or false

1. I am sure about what will he do next.

2. Do you remember who did he talk with?
3. The problem is can we get the material in this town.
4. What do you know will determine what will you
say.
5. Are you happy in this life does not depend on what
do other people do.