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Introduction To Fluid Dynamics - Thilakshan Thayalan

This document provides an introduction to fluid dynamics, including definitions of key concepts and principles. It explains that a fluid is a substance that deforms under forces and has no fixed shape. Bernoulli's principle states that where fluid speed increases, pressure decreases. Bernoulli's equation accounts for changes in gravitational potential energy. Examples given where this principle applies include how lift is generated by airplane wings and downforce in Formula 1 cars through wing designs and venturi tunnels.

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83 views

Introduction To Fluid Dynamics - Thilakshan Thayalan

This document provides an introduction to fluid dynamics, including definitions of key concepts and principles. It explains that a fluid is a substance that deforms under forces and has no fixed shape. Bernoulli's principle states that where fluid speed increases, pressure decreases. Bernoulli's equation accounts for changes in gravitational potential energy. Examples given where this principle applies include how lift is generated by airplane wings and downforce in Formula 1 cars through wing designs and venturi tunnels.

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Introduction to Fluid Dynamics

Thilakshan Thayalan
Brief Overview
• What a fluid is
• Bernoulli’s Principle – one of the key aspects of fluid dynamics
• Bernoulli’s Equation – mathematical form of the Bernoulli’s Principle
• Examples where this principle is applied
What is a fluid?
3 key points-
1) a substance that deforms under the action of forces
2) unable to retain a certain shape if unsupported
3) assumed to behave as a continuum, i.e. not as separate objects
Bernoulli’s Principle
• Bernoulli's principle states that-
‘Within a horizontal flow of fluid, points of higher fluid speed will
have less pressure than points of slower fluid speed.’
• For the fluid to speed, work must be done it so it gains kinetic energy- this is
done by pressure
• P1 is greater than P2, as there must be a net positive pressure if the fluid
speeds up
Bernoulli’s Equation

• Takes into account the changes in gravitational potential energy


• For Bernoulli’s principle, as we consider there is no change in height, we can
cancel the ‘pgh’ on both sides
Examples- Flight
• Aeroplane wings have aerofoil shape
• Air speeds up over curved section of wing as it is a longer distance so greater
pressure acts upwards on flat section.
• This creates lift
Example- Formula 1
• The aerofoil shape is also found in rear wing and front wing of cars but is inverted, so
curved section is on the bottom
• Therefore greater pressure acts downwards on top of the wing, so greater
downforce
• Also, use of venturi tunnels, where air flow is constricted underneath the car, so
forms area of low pressure, which creates suction effect
• More downforce, means greater traction, so better cornering speeds and faster
acceleration.

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