CNC Programming and Operation

GTTC Mysore Welcomes All Participants for this

Training Program
Title of the Course :CNC programming & Operation
Duration : 60 hrs
Phase I : Programming 40 hrs
Phase II : Machining 20hrs
 Faculty

Mr..K.Dhanashekar
B.Sc.,DME,PGDPM,
CAD/CAM/CNC (DTI
Denmark.)

Position:
Training Officer
GTTC, Mysore
 Introduction to CNC Programming Phase I
Turning

Lesson1:Computer Base Tutor CBT

Lesson2:Introduction to G Code and M code
Lesson3:Basic Programming in Turning Using FANUC control
Lesson4: Standard Canned Cycles -Step Turning, Contour
Programming, Drilling Cycle, Threading Cycle, Parting and
Grooving Cycle.
Lesson5: Measuring Tool Offset, Load Programming, Check Tool
Management and Safety Regulation In turning
 Lesson1:Computer Base Tutor CBT
TURNING

•Ways of turning
•Parts of CNC Machine and Working Method of of CNC
•Co Ordinate System and CNC Co Ordinate System
•Dimensioning System ,Datum Points and Reference Point
•Machine Instruction and Tool Instruction
•Datum point Shift.
 CNC Definition

•What is CNC ?
•History
•Present
C : Computer
C : Computer CNC
N: Numerical NC
N: Numerical (Alfa Numerical)
C: Conventional
10,10,10 X10 Y10 Z10
C: Control

Computer is used to Control the Machine

CNC PROGRAMMIMG
CNC PROGRAMMIMG
CNC PROGRAMMIMG
CNC: CONVENTIONAL M/C

Milling M/c Turning M/c

CNC: NC MACHINE
CNC NC MACHINE
CNC: CNC MACHINES
CNC:WORKING METHOD
CNC:PARTS OF CNC M/C
CNC: CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM
CNC CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM
CNC CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM
CNC CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM
CNC:DIMENSIONING SYSTEM
CNC:DATUM & REFERENCE
POINT
CNC:DATUM & REFERENCE
POINT
CNC:DATUM & REFERENCE
POINT
CNC:INSTRUCTIONS
CNC:INSTRUCTIONS
CNC:MOVEMENT
INSTRUCTIONS
CNC:MOVEMENT
INSTRUCTIONS
Movement Instructions
CNC:MACHINE
INSTRUCTIONS
CNC: TOOL
INSTRUCTIONS T0101
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS ‘S’ & ‘F’
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS ‘S’ & ‘F’
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS: Spindle Speed
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS: Feed G98/G99
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS: Feed
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS : Cutting Speed
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS : Cutting Speed
CNC: TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTRUCTIONS : Cutting Speed
CNC: DIMENSIONAL
INSTRUCTIONS
Alpha Numerical
 Numerical values are Numbers : 0-9
 Alphabetical are

A-Angle
F- Feed
B-CHAMFER/RADIUS
G- Preparatory Fun
C-Rotary Table
D- Tool CompensationH- Polar Angle
E-? L- Subroutine
 Alphabetical Explanation

M-Machine Function
N- Block Number T-Tool Number
O-Prog.header
P-Parameter (Start)
Q-Parameter (End)
R-Radius
S-Spindle Speed
 Axis of the CNC Machine
 X Y Z Basic Axis

I J K I Incremental of X
J Incremental of Y
U V W K Incremental of Z

U Incremental of X
V Incremental of Y
W Incremental of Z
CNC Lathe Machine
CNC Lathe Machine
 Basic Axis In Turning Machine

 Generally Turning Machines have

2axis
X-Axis Represents Diameter mm/inch
Z-Axis Represents Longitudinal length
X Only 2-D Programming can be
X-Axis
done X- Value Always Positive + ve
on Lathe
Z Z-Axis Z- Value Generally Negative - ve
0
X & Z Axis Perpendicular to Each Other
CNC Lathe Machine
CNC Programming
 What is Programming?
 Set of Instruction given to the Machine
is called Programming.
 .
 CNC Programming
 CNC Programming can be done in 2 ways
1.Using EIA/ISO Format (Fanuc/ISO Control)
EIA : Electronics Industries Association O-Series
ISO : International Standard Organization % -
Programming can be done with movement
codes using G & M Code
2 .Dialogue Based Programming
(Heidenhain/Mazatrol Control)
Programming can be done without
“G” codes and easy to learn.
Computers Used In CNC
Machines
It is an Electronic Device
 Advantages:

 It stores Maximum Data

 It works at a high speed

 It has high repeatability and Accuracy

+/- 0.000000001
CNC Programming Software
Fanuc Control
Sample Programme Turning M/C
Sample Programme Turning M/C
 Sample Programming
Fanuc Control
[BILLET X40 Z100 Raw Material
G21 G40 G98
G28 U0 W0 Ref.Position
M06 T0101 S1600 ATC Rough tool
G00 X42 Z4 M08 Safety Approach
G01 Z2 F100 M03
G71 U1 R1 Stock Removal
G71 P1 Q2 U.4 W.1
STEP TURNING EX-1
 Sample Programming
Fanuc Control
PART PROGRAM Finish Tool
N1 G01 X20 F200 G28 U0 W0
Z0 M06 T0202 S1600
Z-20 G00 X45 Z2 M13
X40
G70 P1 Q2 Finishing Cycle
Z-100
N2 G00 X45 G28 U0 W0
M30
Drilling Operation Turning
Facing Operation Turning
Grooving Operation Turning
Rough Operation Turning
Internal Operation Turning
Internal Operation Turning

Part Programming
Outside Turning
Threading Operation Turning
General Turning Operations
Turning Tools
Turning Inserts
 CNC MILLING
CNC MILLING
General Milling M/c Have
Basically 3-axis.
X-Axis X Direction
3D
Y-Axis Y Direction
Prog
Z- Axis Z Direction
C- 4th Axis Rotary Table
A- 5th Axis Angular Bed
CNC MILLING - ISO FORMAT
PROGRAMMING
 ISO Codes
CNC MILLING - ISO FORMAT
PROGRAMMING
 Standard Milling Cycle
CNC MILL Programming
Software
Machine Bed Blank Form
Z

Y-Axis
CNC Editor
Programming
X-Axis
Instructions are entered
T-Slots
in this editor
CNC MILL: Sample
Programming

G30 G17 G90 X-10 Y-10 Z-10

G31 X70 Y70 Z0
G99 T1 L0 R4 Tool Define
T1 G17 S1200 Tool Call
G00 X0 Y0 Z10 M08 Safety Approach
CNC MILL: Sample
Programming
G01 G41 Z2 F500 M03
G01 Z-1 F25 Vertical Feed
Y50 F1000 Cutting Feed
X50 Contour Path
Y0
X0
Z20 Above Zero
M30 Program Reset & Rewind
Tool Nose Radius Compensation
G40/G41/G42
Contour Programming
G01 G02 G03-Feed
POCKETING G75/G76/G77
 Pecking(Drilling) Cycle G83

P01 - Set up
clearance -ve
P02 - Depth -ve
P03 - Pecking -ve
P04 - Dwell Time
P05 - Cutting Feed
rate

G83 P01 -2 P02 -10 P03 -2 P04 0 P05 500

G79 M98 (Cycle Call)
 RECTANGULAR POCKETING
G75/G76
P01 - Set up clearance -ve
P02 - Depth -ve
P03 - Pecking -ve
P04 - Vertical Feed
P05 - Ist Length X
P06 - IInd Length Y
P07 - Cutting Feed Rate

G75 P01 -2 P02 -10 P03 -2 P04 25 P05 X20 P06 Y20 P07 500
G79 (Cycle Call)
 Circular Pocketing G77/G78

P01 - Set up clearance

-ve
P02 - Depth -ve
P03 - Pecking -ve
P04 - Vertical Feed
P05 - Radius
P06 - Cutting Feed Rate

G77 P01 -2 P02 -10 P03 -2 P04 25 P05 20 P06 500

G79 (Cycle Call)
Milling Cutting Tools
 Programming

• Programming Instruction :
• Main programming
• Part programming
 Main Programming
[BILLET X25 Z45 Raw mt size, X , Z .
G21 G40 G98 Metric, tool compensation off, f/min
G28 U0 W0 Home position or m/c reference
M06 T0101 Turret change, Tool no.
S1200 M08 Spindle speed, coolant on.
G00 X27 Z2 M03 Safety Approach
G71 U1 R1 Multiple turning , depth , retract.
G71 P1 Q2 U0.3 W0.1 F100 Finishing Allowance
 Part Programming
N1 G01 X10
Z-15 Part program
X25
Z-30
N2 G00 X27 Safety Approach
G28 U0 W0 Home Position
M06 T0202 Turret change, Tool no
S1600 M08 Spindle change, Coolant on
G00 X27 Z0 M03 Safety Approach
G70 P1 Q2 Finishing cycle
G28 U0 W0 Home position
M30 End program
 Prepared By:

K.Dhanashekar
No 47 Shalivahana Road,
Nazarbad, Mysore-570010
Ph: 0821-2449223
Cell: 94490 59223
Position:
Training Officer
GTTC, Mysore