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Nptel Internship Progress Presentation at Iisc Bangalore: Different Methodologies Opted For Site Characterization"

This presentation summarizes different methodologies for site characterization, including classifying sites using standard penetration test (SPT) data and shear wave velocity, as well as using microtremor measurements. Specifically, it discusses classifying sites based on SPT N-values and shear wave velocity according to standards in Australia, China, and India. It also describes using microtremor measurements and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis to determine shear wave velocity profiles and classify sites in Indonesia. Additionally, it reviews using topographic slope as a proxy for seismic site conditions and amplification.

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Aditya Kumar Anshu
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27 views

Nptel Internship Progress Presentation at Iisc Bangalore: Different Methodologies Opted For Site Characterization"

This presentation summarizes different methodologies for site characterization, including classifying sites using standard penetration test (SPT) data and shear wave velocity, as well as using microtremor measurements. Specifically, it discusses classifying sites based on SPT N-values and shear wave velocity according to standards in Australia, China, and India. It also describes using microtremor measurements and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio analysis to determine shear wave velocity profiles and classify sites in Indonesia. Additionally, it reviews using topographic slope as a proxy for seismic site conditions and amplification.

Uploaded by

Aditya Kumar Anshu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NPTEL Internship Progress Presentation

at IISc Bangalore

“Different methodologies opted for site


characterization”

Presented By : Course Instructor


Aditya Kumar Anshu Dr. P. Anbazhagan
Ph.D Scholar M.E, Ph.D, FICDM, ERF(AUS)
Associate Professor
NIT,Arunachal Pradesh Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Site Classification Using SPT Data and shear wave
velocity.
 “Seismic Site Classifications and Site Amplifications for the Urban Centres in the
Shallow Overburden Deposits”[1]
This paper present the soil classification using the , SPT-N values of the selected soil

profiles have been collected from Australia, China and India (IEA, 1990; Pappin et al.,
2008; Anbazhagan & Sitharam,2009a; Anbazhagan, 2004). In total, 19 boreholes data
with SPT N values are used for this study. Then the SPT N values are calculated for 30m
and 20 m using below equation:-

……….Eq. (1)

Seismic site classification are carried out based on NEHRP and IBC recommendations in
Australia, China and India for seismic microzonation studies as shown in Table no .1.
Table 1. Comparison of seismic site classification schemes in Australia, China and India with international
standards
Figure 1. Site classification of Australia, China and India profiles according to
IBC2006/NEHRP
 In the same paper , soil classification based on MASW ,which is used in geotechnical
engineering for the evaluation of shear wave velocity (Vs) and other dynamic
properties (Sitharam & Anbazhagan, 2008b). Vs for depth of 30 m and 20 m were
estimated using equation 1 and also presented in below figure.

Figure 2. Average Vs values of sites in Australia, China and India with site classification according
to IBC2006/NEHRP
 “Shear Wave Velocity Profiling Analysis for Site Classification
using Microtremor Single Station Method”[7] - In this paper
presents the analysis of shear wave velocity profile to interpret site
classification at Universitas Negeri Semarang in Indonesia. The
data acquisition was done at 20 points by using microtremor single
station method.
The data was processed using Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method to
obtain the HVSR curve and then inverted using ellipticity curve method to get 1D shear
wave velocity profile. Microtremor single station survey should be conducted to
determine shear wave velocity that can be used to interpret subsurface [8].
From microtremor single station survey obtained seismic data recording to be analyzed
with HVSR method and then inverted using ellipticity curve method to obtain shear
wave velocity profiling. From the value of shear wave velocity can be interpreted to
describe soil characteristics.
The HVSR equation can be written as follows.

Where Hf and Vf are the horizontal and vertical component, Ah and Av are
amplification, SHB and SVB are spectrum of horizontal and vertical motion in the
bedrock, while SHS and SVS are spectrum of horizontal and vertical motion in the soil
surface. This method was developed by Nakamura in 1989 [9].
TABLE 1. Site Classification [10]
Class Site Vs (m/s)
SA (hard rock) > 1500
SB (rock) 750 until 1500
SC (soft rock) 350 until 750
SD (medium soil) 175 until 350
SE (soft soil) < 175
The results of data measurement from 20 points analyzed by HVSR curve. Therefore,
HVSR curve inverted using ellipticity method to gets shear wave (Vs) profile. The
results of HVSR inversion point 1 to 20 points is 160 m/s to 2900 m/s .
 A review paper “Topographic Slope as a Proxy for Seismic Site Conditions and
Amplification” by David J. Wald and Trevor I. Allen.
Basically, they have developed a simple and economic method for delivering first-order
seismic site-classification maps that can be used to rapidly estimate potential ground
shaking following large global earthquakes in the absence of detailed geologically based
maps.
In there analysis, they first correlate 30 arc sec topographic data and VS 30 measurements
in areas of active tectonics.

Figure 2. Correlations of measured VS 30 (m/sec) versus topographic slope (m/m) for active tectonic (a) and (b) stable continental
regions (b). Color-coded polygons represent VS 30 and slope ranges consistent with ranges given in next Table and also consistent
with the VS 30 legends for all geologically and topographically based maps throughout this article.
The NEHRP boundaries are further subdivided into narrower velocity windows to increase resolution
where possible. Topographic slope at any site that falls within these windows is assigned a VS
30 that defines the median value of the subdivided NEHRP boundaries.
REFERENCE
[1] Anbazhagan, P., & Sheikh, M. N. (2012). Seismic Site Classifications and Site Amplifications for the Urban
Centres in the Shallow Overburden Deposits. International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering
(IJGEE), 3(1), 86-108. http://doi.org/10.4018/jgee.2012010105
[2]IEA. (1990). Newcastle earthquake study. Barton,Australia: The Institution of Australia.
[3]Pappin, J. W., Koo, R. C. H., Free, M. W., Tsang, H. H.,& Lam, N. T. K. (2008). Seismic site effects in Hong Kong.
Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering.
[4]Anbazhagan, P., & Sitharam, T. G. (2009a). Spatial variability of the weathered and engineering bed rock using
multichannel analysis of surface wave survey. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 166(3), 409–428. doi:10.1007/s00024-
009-0450-0.
[5]Anbazhagan, P. (2004). Microzonation for amplification, attenuation and liquefaction of Chennai city (Unpublished
master’s thesis). Anna University, Chennai, India.
[6]Anbazhagan, P., & Sitharam, T. G. (2008b). Site characterization and site response studies using shear wave
velocity. Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, 10(2), 53–67.
[7] Sulistiawan, Hendri & Adi, Supriyadi & Yulianti, Ian. (2018). Shear wave velocity profiling analysis for site
classification using microtremor single station method. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2014. 020003.
10.1063/1.5054407.
[8] Kanli, A. 2011. Surface Wave Analysis for Site Effect Evaluation. US: University of California Santa Barbara.
[9] Nakamura Y. 1989. A Method for Dynamic Characteristic Estimation of Subsurface using Microtremor on The
Ground Surface. Q.R. of RTRI. Vol. 30, No. 1, page 25-33.
[10] SNI 1726:2012. 2012. Tata Cara Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa untuk Struktur Bangunan Gedung dan Non
Gedung. National Standardization Agency of Indonesia.

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