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Context and Cohesion: Presented by Ramya Myakala (17IHML14)

This document discusses context and cohesion in systemic functional grammar. It defines context as that which helps determine meaning, including surrounding text and circumstances. Cohesion refers to the semantic connections that hold a text together beyond grammatical structure. There are grammatical resources for cohesion such as reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunction, as well as lexical resources like taxonomic relations and collocation. Together, the effective use of these cohesive devices can create "cohesive harmony" and give texture to a text.

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Ramya
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32 views

Context and Cohesion: Presented by Ramya Myakala (17IHML14)

This document discusses context and cohesion in systemic functional grammar. It defines context as that which helps determine meaning, including surrounding text and circumstances. Cohesion refers to the semantic connections that hold a text together beyond grammatical structure. There are grammatical resources for cohesion such as reference, ellipsis, substitution, and conjunction, as well as lexical resources like taxonomic relations and collocation. Together, the effective use of these cohesive devices can create "cohesive harmony" and give texture to a text.

Uploaded by

Ramya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Presented by

Ramya Myakala(17IHML14)

CONTEXT AND COHESION


Systemic Functional Grammar
 Systemic functional grammar (SFG) is a
form of grammatical description originated
by  Halliday
 It is part of a social semiotic approach to
language called systemic functional
linguistics
Context
 In SFL terms, context “is that which helps determine
meaning. This includes the surrounding text and the
surrounding circumstances whatever they may be”
(Wegener, 2011:4–5)
 The concept of meaning within SFL stems from Firth (1957),
who saw meaning as function in context
 The context is the extra-linguistic environment in which
language operates, as spoken or written discourse
 The “context of situation” is the environment of the text
 The “immediate” context is distinguished into
the “”material situational setting” and
“relevant” context
 The ”context of culture” is the environment of
the linguistic system
 In the perspective of “system” end, we can
recognize the institutional and domains of action
of the culture
Cohesion

 Cohesion is the semantic force which hold a


text together beyond the reach of
grammatical structure
 The resources which create cohesion are
partly grammatical and partly lexical
 Each instance of cohesion in a text is called a
“cohesive tie”
Grammatical Cohesion
 Grammatical resources are reference, ellipsis,
substitution and conjunction
 Reference is the replacement of words and
expressions with pro-forms
 Personal, Demonstrative and Comparative
 Halliday and Hasan call cohesive ties within text as
endophoric and references outside the text as
exophoric
 Substitution is a replacement of one item by another
 Nominal, Verbal and Clausal
 Reference is a relation between meanings, whereas
substitution is a grammatical relationship
 Ellipsis is deletion of words, expressions or phrases
 Nominal, Verbal and Clausal
 Conjunction is a word or group of words used to
connect words, phrases, or clauses
 Additive, Adversative, Clausal and Temporal
 Coordinating conjunctions and Subordinating
conjunctions
Lexical Cohesion
 The lexical resources are the taxonomic relations
and collocation
 Achieved by the selection of vocabulary
 Reiteration and Collocation
 Cohesive harmony is the deployment of
cohesive resources in a text to create patterns of
ideational or interpersonal continuity
 Cohesive Harmony gives “texture” to a text
Thank you!

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