Open-Ended Design

Engineering Design and Development © 2013 Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Why EDD?
 Engineering Design and Development

Why is an Open Ended Design Course So Important?

• Engineers don’t just solve problems….
They must identify and define them first.
• Many students have never seen or worked through a complete
design process.
• How do you document a project involving innovation or
invention?
• It is important to understand the principles and
practices that engineers use.
• It is the closest a course can come to
duplicating how professionals work.
 Engineering Design and Development

Why is an Open Ended Design Course So Important?

• Develop life skills for postsecondary education and your career
• Apply skills learned in other PLTW courses
• Apply skills learned in other courses:
– Math, science, business, language arts, public speaking, etc.
• Connect with the community
• Take responsibility for your work as an independent learner
• Choose a problem YOU want to solve!

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 Why EDD? We asked the Experts

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 For Many Schools… A Capstone Course

EDD What can you do with the

Capstone Course skills you learn?
11th – 12th Engineering Design
and Development
(Capstone Project)

CIM DE
Specialization Computer Integrated Digital
Courses Manufacturing Electronics
CEA
10th – 12th Civil Engineering
AE and Architecture BE
Aerospace Biotechnical
Engineering Engineering
Foundation
Courses POE Principals of Engineering
9th–12th
IED Introduction to Engineering Design
Introductory
Modules GTT PLTW Gateway
6th -8th
 Important Facets EDD and Open Ended Design

Problem Solving

Research,
Presentation &
Reflection and
Collaboration
Iteration
Skills

College Preparation

Cross Curricular
Application of Time Management and
Knowledge & Skills Organization
 Throughout This Course You Will:
Find and Attempt to Solve a Real Problem
Apply the Skill Sets You Have Learned
Learn How to Document an Engineering Project
Learn Professional Skills Though Collaboration
• Do Research
• Design a Prototype
• Create and Test a Prototype
• Evaluate and Reflect on the Process
• Present the Project
 Keys to Success

• Work like a professional

• Become an expert
• Document everything
• Maintain organization
– Engineering Notebook
– Course Binder ©iStockphoto.com

– Portfolio
• It helps to Identify a common area of interest
among group members
• Follow a project schedule and honor deadlines
 Keys to Success

• Let research drive decisions

• Let data drive decisions
• Use the language of report
Not the language of affection
• Choose a topic wisely
– Physical devices often work best
– Software solutions, chemical solutions, or process
solutions are often difficult to pursue
• Consider alternate solution paths
– Modify an existing solution to produce better results (Innovation)
– Combine design features of two or more existing solutions (Innovation)
– Create a totally unique solution (Invention)
 Keys to Success
Project Documentation
• Evidence of your thought process
• Record of your work
• Demonstration of your problem solving and
communication skills
• Presentation to others Electronic Portfolio

Course Binder Engineering Notebook Project Portfolio

Engineering Design Processes
 Engineering Design Processes
There are a number of design processes used in industry
and at colleges or universities.
This is the process you will utilize.

An Engineering
Design Process

1. Define and Justify Problem

2. Generate Multiple Solutions
3. Select a Solution
4. Construct and Test
5. Reflect and Evaluate
6. Present Results

The flow chart provides an

overview of the EDD Design
Process

The design process is not a

linear process. There may be
times when you will need to
adjust or redefine your problem
and revisit previous steps.
Students Will:

• Perform research
• Interview experts
• Survey consumers
• Write Specifications
• Test a Concept
• Create a schedule
• Create sketches
• Create technical drawings
• Perform a cost estimate
• Build a prototype
• Test the prototype
• Optimize your design
• Document your work
• Present your solution
How Do I Invent Something!
Invention vs Innovation
The Ten Mighty Questions
 The Ten Mighty Questions of EDD
Critical components to a design process are reflection and
analysis. Here is a guide to decision making.

• Consider these questions.

• Return to these questions

• periodically during the course.

− Provide focus
− Provide direction
− Provide perspective
 10 Mighty Questions - Innovate or Invent?

Define Clear and Justified Problem Statement

Document All Current and Past Solutions

Solution #1 Solution #2 Solution # ?

Pros and Cons Pros and Cons Pros and Cons

How well does it work? Why is it not perfect?

NOTE: A project can be started here as long as justification for the solution’s existence can be supported.
(Reverse Engineering Justification)

Option 1 – Improve an existing solution

Option 2 – Combine one or more solutions to increase the
overall success rate
Option 3 – Invent a new or unique solution
 10 Mighty Questions – Defend Choices

Justify the merit for attempting your solution and Create a

prototype of your idea

Define and Create an accurate means of testing the

prototype, simulation, process, mock-up or plan

Evaluate the DATA

Significant Improvement? Little or No Difference? Failure

Present your findings and make a judgment on what to do with the results
Engineering Design and Development
The Class
 EDD Course Outline
Major Components
Component 0 – Project Management
Engineering Design as a Course

Component 1 – Research
Problem Identification/Justifying and Solution Requirements

Component 2 – Design
Generating and Defending an Original Solution

Component 3 – Build and Test

Constructing and Testing a Prototype

Component 4 – Evaluation of Project and Process

Evaluation, Reflection, and Recommendations

Component 5 – Documenting and Presenting the Design Process

Final Project Presentation and Documentation - Going Beyond EDD
 Project Management - Component 0
Engineering Design as a Course
Resource Alpha(α)
The EDD Design Process, and Project Management

Resource Beta(β)
Documenting the Engineering Design Process

Resource Gamma(γ)
Teams, Timelines, and Contacting Experts

Resource Delta(δ)
Project Evaluations and Classroom Management

Resource Epsilon(ε)
Intellectual Property
 Research - Component 1
Problem Identification/Justifying and Solution Requirements
Element A
Identification and Justification of the Problem

Element B
Documentation and Analysis of Prior Solution Attempts

Element C
Presentation and Justification of Solution Design Goals/Requirements
 Design - Component 2
Generating and Defending an Original Solution
Element D
Design Concept Generation, Analysis, and Selection

Element E
Application of STEM Principles and Practices

Element F
Consideration of Design Viability
 Build and Test - Component 3
Constructing and Testing a Prototype
Element G
Construction of a Testable Prototype

Element H
Prototype Testing and Data Collection Plan

Element I
Testing, Data Collection and Analysis
 Evaluate Project & Process - Component 4
Evaluation, Reflection, and Recommendations
Element J
Documentation of External Evaluation

Element K
Reflection on the Design Project

Element L
Presentation of Designer’s Recommendations
 Presenting Project - Component 5
Evaluation, Reflection, and Recommendations
Element M
Presentation of Project and Project Portfolio

Element N
Writing Like an Engineer

It is important to note that these topics are introduced in Component 0.

Component 5 is addressed through out the design process.
 Juried Presentation
Presentation of Project and Defense of Project Steps

Attended by:
• Evaluators
• Partnership Team
• Mentors
• Parents & Family
• Press
• Teachers and Classes
• Administrators
– Local – Principal
– District – Superintendent
Where is My Syllabus?
Is This On the Test?
 EDD is Unlike Any Other Course

• Your instructor is a Facilitator and Project Manager,

Not a Teacher
• Your instructor will set deadlines, but you will manage you
time and dependent tasks
• You will choose your project direction
• There are a number of tools that can help you manage
timelines and assignments in an open ended design course.
– GANTT Charts
– The Rule of Thirds

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 GANTT Charts
Managing Timelines and Deliverables
 The Rule of Thirds – Grading Deliverables

Research & Exploration Design & Construction Testing, Documentation, &

Presentation

 Problem Selection  Design Specification  Testing Criteria

 Topic Background  Decision Matrix  Testing Procedure
 Problem Statement  Concept Testing  Physical Testing
 Cited Justification  Design Proposal  Record Data
 Market Research  Prototype Timeline  Critical Design Review
 Past & Present Solutions  Sketching Refinement  Redesign and Refine
 Problem Proposal  Technical Drawing  Re-test
 Material List  Multimedia Display
 Cost  Web Page
 Tool Selection  Research Paper
 Tool Safety  Electronic Portfolio
 Mock-up & Modeling  Final Presentation
 Prototype Build Procedure
 Preliminary Design Review
 Construction
Engineering Design and Development
Outcomes and Opportunities
 Engineering Design and Development

Beyond EDD
• Design and Problem Solving Competitions

• Scholarship Opportunities

• Internship Opportunities

• Admission Preference and College Level Recognition

• Intellectual Property Resources

Clint Downey and Jackson Cover
Cedar Rapids Jefferson High School
Filed for a provisional patent on their new design for
a marching band lyre.

Current lyre design used all over

the world

Downey and Cover’s lyre prototype

A Better Lyre

See “IA EDD Music Lyre Patent Article”

in the Going Beyond Section of the EDD curriculum”
 Chantel Newman
St. Thomas More High School
Badger State Science Fair
Engineering Award

$40,000 Scholarship Marquette

University College of
Engineering

A Better Crutch
“Day at the Capitol” presentation

See “WI _Article on Chantel Newman and Marquette University” in the

Going Beyond Section of the EDD curriculum
 Adam Martin
East High School

“When he brought his project in and

demonstrated it to the class, he
showed that it could be easily adjusted
for different body weights. It was
well conceived, durable and
functioned effectively. It was just a
beautiful thing.” A Better Way to Train for
Cross Country Skiing
Greg Cisewski
Wausau East PLTW Teacher
 Adam Martin
East High School

A Better Way to Train for

Cross Country Skiing

“The results of our new product assessment indicated that Adam’s idea
was commercially feasible,”….. “we referred Adam to the Law and
Entrepreneurship Clinic at the University of Wisconsin’s School of Law
in Madison for that assistance. The clinic agreed to accept Adam as a
client and will help him with the next steps in the commercialization
process.”
Sandra Beccue
Market Research Manager
Wisconsin Innovation Service Center
University of Wisconsin -Whitewater

See “Mike Carr Article.Wausau.SBDC.IED” in the Going Beyond Section of the EDD curriculum
 The InvenTeam
Tesla Engineering Charter School
• 2009 InvenTeam grant
• EurekaFest 2009 at MIT

Refrigeration Process

See “WI Appleton Tesla HS PLTW_ Lemelson_MIT InvenTeam Article”

in the Going Beyond Section of the EDD curriculum”
Welcome to Engineering Design and
Development