ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

-Philosophy of architecture which

promotes harmony between human
habitation and the natural world through
design approaches so sympathetic and well
integrated with its site that buildings,
furnishings, and surroundings become part
of a unified, interrelated composition.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

famous for their work with organic architecture:

Gustav Stickley Louis Sullivan,

Antoni Gaudi Frank Lloyd Wright
John Lautner Claude Bragdon
Bruce Goff Rudolf Steiner
Bruno Zevi Hundertwasser
Imre Makovecz Neville Gruzman
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

famous for their work with organic architecture:

most recently ...

Anton Alberts John Preihs

Nari Gandhi Laurie Baker
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Organic architecture is also translated into the all inclusive nature of
Frank Lloyd Wright’s design process.

Materials, motifs, and basic ordering principles continue to repeat

themselves throughout the building as a whole.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

The idea of organic

architecture refers not only
to the buildings' literal
relationship to the natural
surroundings, but how the
buildings' design is carefully
thought about as if it were a
unified organism.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

Geometries throughout Wright’s buildings build

a central mood and theme.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

Geometries throughout Wright’s buildings build

a central mood and theme.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

Essentially organic architecture is also the literal design of

every element of a building: From the windows, to the
floors, to the individual chairs intended to fill the space.
Everything relates to one another, reflecting the symbiotic
ordering systems of nature.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

The term organic

architecture was
coined by the
famous architect,
Frank Lloyd Wright
(1867–1959),
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE

"So here I stand before you preaching organic architecture:

declaring organic architecture to be the modern ideal and the
teaching so much needed if we are to see the whole of life, and
to now serve the whole of life, holding no traditions essential to
the great TRADITION. Nor cherishing any preconceived form
fixing upon us either past, present or future, but instead exalting
the simple laws of common sense or of super-sense if you prefer
determining form by way of the nature of materials..." - Frank
Lloyd Wright, written in 1939
LIFTED FROM:
Frank Lloyd Wright (1954). The Natural House (New York: Bramhall House), p. 3
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

1. Let the design be inspired by

nature and be sustainable,
healthy, conserving, and
diverse...
Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking Wave: New Organic
Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

2. Let the design unfold, like an organism,

from the seed within
Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking
Wave: New Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

3. Let the design exist in the

"continuous present" and "begin
again and again".
Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking Wave: New
Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

4. Let the design follow the flows and

be flexible and adaptable.

Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking

Wave: New Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

5. Let the design satisfy social, physical,

and spiritual needs.

Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking

Wave: New Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

6. Let the design "grow out of the site"

and be unique.

Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking

Wave: New Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

7. Let the design celebrate the spirit of

youth, play and surprise.

Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking

Wave: New Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules
towards the design of organic architecture. These rules are known
as the Gaia Charter for organic architecture and design. It reads:

8. Let the design express the rhythm of

music and the power of dance.”

Lifted from: Pearson, David (2001). The Breaking

Wave: New Organic Architecture (Stroud: Gaia), p. 72
"Using Nature as our basis for design, a
building or design must grow, as Nature grows,
from the inside out. Most architects design their
buildings as a shell and force their way inside.
Nature grows from the idea of a seed and
reaches out to its surroundings. A building thus,
is akin to an organism and mirrors the beauty
and complexity of Nature."
- Eric Corey Freed
Lifted from: Freed, Eric Corey (2007). What is organic architecture?
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
A well known example of organic architecture is
Fallingwater, the residence Frank Lloyd Wright designed
for the Kaufman family in rural Pennsylvania. Wright had
many choices to locate a home on this large site, but
chose to place the home directly over the waterfall and
creek creating a close, yet noisy dialog with the rushing
water and the steep site. The horizontal striations of
stone masonry with daring cantilevers of colored beige
concrete blend with native rock outcroppings and the
wooded environment.
ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

 born Frank Lincoln Wright in Richland Center,

Wisconsin, United States in June 8, 1867

His mother is Anna Lloyd Jones and his father is

William Carey Wright

Architect, interior designer, writer and architecture

educator

leader of the Prairie School movement of architecture

Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

FRANK LINCOLN WRIGHT

Prairie School movement of architecturel
The works of the Prairie School (style in 19th and early 20th
century) architects are usually marked by horizontal lines,
flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves,
windows grouped in horizontal bands, integration
with the landscape, solid construction, craftsmanship, and
discipline in the use of ornament. Horizontal lines were
thought to evoke and relate to the native prairie
landscape.
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

 worked as draftsman of Joseph Lyman Silsbee’s firm

 became a teacher of architecture and engineering
 became an official apprentice of Louis Sullivan
while working with Sullivan, Wright accepted
independent commissions due to financial challenges.
Sullivan knew nothing of the independent works until 1893,
when he recognized that one of the houses was
unmistakably a Frank Lloyd Wright design. This particular
house, built for Allison Harlan, was only blocks away from
Sullivan’s townhouse in the Chicago community of Kenwood
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

 Sullivan was angered and prohibited Wright from

accepting commissions and eventually fired Wright
after few more misunderstandings.

After leaving Louis Sullivan, Wright established his

own practice on the top floor of the Sullivan designed
Schiller Building (1892, demolished 1961) on Randolph
Street in Chicago. From then, he completed a lot of
projects and continuously experimented on various
approaches to improve his design.
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

 Wright suffered from “midlife controversies” that

originated from his “likings” to one of his client’s wife
which affected his architectural practice in the United
States and “somewhat” force him to move to Europe.

When he went back to the United States, Wright

began to build himself a new home, which he called
Taliesin, by May 1911.
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

 On August 15, 1914, while Wright was working in

Chicago, Julian Carlton, a male servant from Barbados,
set fire to the living quarters of Taliesin and murdered
seven people with an axe as the fire burned.

Some of the buildings designed at Taliesin were

Fallingwater, the Guggenheim Museum, the Johnson
Wax Headquarters, and the first Usonian home, the
first Herbert and Katherine Jacobs house, in Madison,
Wisconsin (1936).
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

During the later 1920s and 1930s Wright's Organic

style had fully matured with the design of Graycliff,
Fallingwater and Taliesin West.

After this period, Wright designed significant numbers

of buildings which made him an architect “to look
upon”.

FLW died in April 9, 1959 at the age 0f 91 at Phoenix,

Arizona.
FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?
MAJOR WORKS OF FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New

York City, New York (1959)
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

Wright's Price
Tower in
Bartlesville,
Oklahoma
Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

The Robie House on the University of Chicago campus

Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

Nathan G. Moore House, Oak Park, Illinois

Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

Taliesin West Panorama from the "prow" looking at the

"ship"
 Gammage Auditorium viewed from one of the pedestrian ramps

Who is FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT?

Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium is considered to be

the last public commission of architect Frank Lloyd Wright.
OTHER FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT’s
MAJOR WORKS
The Frank Lloyd Wright
Home and Studio at 951
Chicago Avenue in Oak
Park, Illinois
Winslow House (River
Forest, Illinois)
The Ward W. Willits House
 The Dana-Thomas
House or Susan
Lawrence Dana House
or Dana House (built
1902-04)
 The Larkin Building was designed in
1904 by Frank Lloyd Wright and built
in 1906 for the Larkin Soap Company
of Buffalo, New York. The five story
dark red brick building used pink
tinted mortar and utilized steel
frame construction. It was noted for
many innovations, including air
conditioning, stained glass windows,
built-in desk furniture, and
suspended toilet bowls. Though this
The Larkin Building was an office building, it still caught
the essence of Frank Lloyd Wright's
type of architecture.
The Darwin D. Martin
House Complex, also known
as the Darwin Martin House
State Historic Site, was
designed by Frank Lloyd
Wright and built between
1903 & 1905. Located at 125
Jewett Parkway in Buffalo,
New York, it is considered to
be one of the most
important projects from
Wright's Prairie School era
 Unity Temple is a Unitarian
Universalist church in Oak Park,
Illinois, and the home of the Unity
Temple Unitarian Universalist
Congregation.
The second Imperial Hotel, built from 1915-1923, would be the
best-known of Frank Lloyd Wright's buildings in Japan. It was
designed roughly in the shape of its own logo, with the guest room
wings forming the letter "H", while the public rooms were in a
smaller but taller central wing shaped like the letter "I" that cut
through the middle of the "H".
The Aline Barnsdall
Hollyhock House is a
building in the East
Hollywood neighborhood of
Los Angeles, California,
originally designed by Frank
Lloyd Wright as a residence
for oil heiress Aline
Barnsdall, built in 1919–
1921. The building is now
the centerpiece of the city's
Barnsdall Art Park.
 The Ennis House is a residential dwelling in the Los Feliz
neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, USA, south of Griffith
Park. The home was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright for Charles
and Mabel Ennis in 1923, and built in 1924.
The Graycliff estate was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright (1867–
1959) and was built between 1926 and 1931. It is located about 20
minutes south of downtown Buffalo, New York, at 6472 Old Lake
Shore Road in Derby, New York. Sometimes called "The Jewel on the
Lake", Graycliff is sited on a bluff overlooking Lake Erie with
sweeping views of downtown Buffalo and the Canadian shore.
Herbert and Katherine Jacobs First House, commonly referred
to as Jacobs I, is a single family home located in Madison,
Wisconsin. Designed by noted American architect Frank Lloyd
Wright, it was constructed in 1937 and is considered by most
to be the first Usonian home.
Johnson Wax Headquarters is
the world headquarters and
administration building of S.
C. Johnson & Son in Racine,
Wisconsin. Designed by
American architect Frank
Lloyd Wright for the
company's president, Herbert
F. "Hib" Johnson, the building
was constructed from 1936 to
1939
Wingspread, also known as the Herbert F.
Johnson House
Child of the Sun is the title for a group of buildings designed
for the campus of the Florida Southern College in Lakeland,
Florida, USA, by American architect Frank Lloyd Wright from
1941 through 1958.
 First Unitarian Society of Madison (FUS) is a
Unitarian Universalist congregation in Shorewood
Hills, a suburb of Madison, Wisconsin.
The V. C. Morris Gift Shop is
located at 140 Maiden Lane
in San Francisco, California,
USA, and was renovated by
Frank Lloyd Wright in 1948.
Beth Sholom Congregation (Elkins
Park, Pennsylvania)
Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church in Wauwatosa,
Wisconsin, USA, was designed by architect Frank Lloyd
Wright in 1956, and completed in 1961. The church is
one of Wright's last works; construction was completed
after his death. Its shallow scalloped dome echoes his
Marin County Civic Center.
Kentuck Knob, also known as the Hagan House, is a
residence designed by the American architect Frank Lloyd
Wright in rural Stewart Township near the village of Chalk
Hill, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, USA, about 50 miles
(80 km) southeast of Pittsburgh.
The Mile High Illinois, Illinois Sky-City, or
simply The Illinois was a proposed mile-high
(1,609 meters/5,280 feet) skyscraper,
envisioned by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1956. The
design, intended to be built in Chicago, would
have included 528 stories, with a gross area of
18.46 million square feet (1.71 million square
meters/171 hectares). Had it been built, it
would have been the tallest building in the
world by far, being more than four times the
height of the then tallest building in the world,
the Empire State Building, and it would be
nearly twice as tall as the world's current tallest
building, the Burj Khalifa.
MARSHALL ERDMAN PREFAB HOUSES
James McBean
Residence - Rochester,
Minnesota (Prefab #2)

Catherine and
William Cass House
"The Crimson Beech"
- Staten Island, New
York (1959)
Marin County
Civic Center
... the last commission of
Frank Lloyd Wright. The
building was constructed
in 1960 after FLW’s death.
Enumerated FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT’s
PROJECTS
•Hollyhock House (Aline Barnsdall Residence),
Los Angeles, California, 1919–1921
•Ennis House, Los Angeles, California, 1923
•Taliesin III, Spring Green, Wisconsin, 1925
•Graycliff. Buffalo, NY 1926
•Fairhope (Richard Lloyd Jones Residence, Tulsa,
Oklahoma, 1929
•Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, Japan, 1923 (demolished,
1968; entrance hall reconstructed at Meiji Mura
near Nagoya, Japan, 1976)
•Johnson Wax Headquarters, Racine, Wisconsin,
1936
•Herbert F. Johnson Residence ("Wingspread"),
Wind Point, WI, 1937
•Usonian homes, various locations, 1930s–1950s
•Child of the Sun, Florida Southern College,
Lakeland, Florida, 1941–1958
•First Unitarian Society of Madison, Shorewood
Hills, Wisconsin, 1947
•First Jacobs House, 1936–1937
•V. C. Morris Gift Shop, San Francisco,
California, 1948
•Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1956–1961
•Kentuck Knob, Ohiopyle, Pennsylvania, 1956
•The Illinois, mile-high tower in Chicago, 1956
(unbuilt)
•Beth Sholom Synagogue, Elkins Park,
Pennsylvania, 1954
•Annunciation Greek Orthodox Church,
Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, 1956–1961
•Marin County Civic Center, San Rafael, CA,
1957–1966
•Marshall Erdman Prefab Houses, various
locations, 1956–1960
"'Think simples' as my old
master used to say -
meaning reduce the whole
of its parts into the
simplest terms, getting
back to first principles.“

In Barnes & Noble Book of Quotations, by Robert

I. Fitzhenry, 1987.
"All fine architectural
values are human
values, else not
valuable."

The Living City, pt. 3, "Recapitulation"

(1958).
"An idea is salvation
by imagination."

In The Speaker's Electronic Reference

Collection, AApex Software, 1994
"Early in life I had to choose
between honest arrogance
and hypocritical humility. I
chose honest arrogance
and have seen no occasion
to change."

In The World's Best Thoughts on

Life & Living, compiled by Eugene
Raudsepp, 1981.
"Get the habit of analysis-
analysis will in time
enable synthesis to
become your habit of
mind."

In Barnes & Noble Book of Quotations, by

Robert I. Fitzhenry, 1987.
"I feel coming on a
strange disease --
humility.“
In Correct Quotes for DOS, WordStar
International, 1991.
"No stream rises higher
than its source. What ever
man might build could
never express or reflect
more than he was. He could
record neither more nor
less than he had learned of
life when the buildings
were built."

In Correct Quotes for DOS, WordStar

International, 1991.
"I hate intellectuals.
They are from the top
down. I am from the
bottom up."

In The Ultimate Success Quotations

Library, 1997.
"The longer I live the more
beautiful life becomes. If you
foolishly ignore beauty, you
will soon find yourself
without it. Your life will be
impoverished. But if you
invest in beauty, it will remain
with you all the days of your
life.“

In The Ultimate Success Quotations

Library, 1997.
"The physician can bury his
mistakes, but the architect
can only advise his clients
to plant vines."

New York Times Magazine (4 Oct. 1953).

"The thing always
happens that you really
believe in; and the belief
in a thing makes it
happen.“

In My Favorite Quotations, by Norman

Vincent Peale, 1990.
"The screech and mechanical
uproar of the big city turns the
citified head, fills citified ears --
as the song of birds, wind in the
trees, animal cries, or as the
voices and songs of his loved
ones once filled his heart. He is
sidewalk-happy."

The Living City, pt. 1, "Earth" (1958).

REFERENCES
An Autobiography, by Frank Lloyd Wright (1943, Duell, Sloan and Pearce / 2005, Pomegranate; ISBN 0-7649-
3243-8)
Frank Lloyd Wright: A Primer on Architectural Principles , by Robert McCarter (1991, Princeton Architectural
Press; ISBN 1878271261)
An Autobiography, by Frank Lloyd Wright, Duell, Sloan and Pearce, New York City, 1943, p. 51
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Usonian Homes: Designs for Moderate Cost One-Family Homes , by John Sergeant
(1984, Watson-Guptill; ISBN 0823071782)
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Usonian Homes (Wright at a Glance Series), by Carla Lind (1994, Pomegranate
Communications; ISBN 1566409985)
"In the Cause of Architecture," Architectural Record, March, 1908, by Frank Lloyd Wright. Published in Frank
Lloyd Wright: Collected Writings, vol. 1 (1992, Rizzoli; ISBN 0-8478-1546-3)
Natural House, The, by Frank Lloyd Wright (1954, Horizon Press; ISBN 0517020785)
Taliesin Reflections: My Years Before, During, and After Living with Frank Lloyd Wright, by Earl Nisbet (2006,
Meridian Press; ISBN 0-9778951-0-6)
Truth Against the World: Frank Lloyd Wright Speaks for an Organic Architecture , ed. by Patrick Meehan (1987,
Wiley; ISBN 0471845094)
Understanding Frank Lloyd Wright's Architecture, by Donald Hoffman (1995, Dover Publications; ISBN
048628364X)
Usonia : Frank Lloyd Wright's Design for America, Alvin Rosenbaum (1993, Preservation Press; ISBN
0891332014)
Frank Lloyd Wright, by Daniel Treiber (2008, Birkhäuser Basel, 2nd, updated edition; ISBN 978-3764386979)

Actual source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright