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IWRM Examples

The document provides 4 examples of calculating discharge for drainage system design. Example 1 calculates discharge of 51.28 m3/s for an airport drainage system. Example 2 calculates discharge of 20.12 m3/s for a 185 ha catchment area culvert design. Example 3 calculates the time of concentration as 6.82 minutes for a 306 ha watershed. Example 4 calculates discharge of 89.6 m3/s for designing an outlet for a 12 km2 small town.

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nimcan
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46 views

IWRM Examples

The document provides 4 examples of calculating discharge for drainage system design. Example 1 calculates discharge of 51.28 m3/s for an airport drainage system. Example 2 calculates discharge of 20.12 m3/s for a 185 ha catchment area culvert design. Example 3 calculates the time of concentration as 6.82 minutes for a 306 ha watershed. Example 4 calculates discharge of 89.6 m3/s for designing an outlet for a 12 km2 small town.

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nimcan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example 2: An engineer is required to design a drainage

system for an airport with an area of 2.5 km2 for 50 years return
period. The 50-year rainfall intensity in that region is given by

35
I 
t  10 0.38

where I is intensity in cm/h and t is duration in minutes.


If the concentration time for the area is estimated as
50 minutes, what is discharge that must be used to
design the system?
Solution
Concentration time tc = 50 min
Intensity of rainfall for this duration =
35 35 35
I   0.38   7.384 cm / h
t  100.38 60 4.74

Since the airport is fully paved, it may be considered


impervious and the runoff coefficient C may be taken as
unity. Therefore

Q  2.778 CAI  2.778  1  2.5  7.384  51.25 m 3 / s

Therefore the engineer must design the drainage


system for a discharge of 51.28 m3/s.
Example 3: A culvert is proposed across stream
drainage an area of 185 ha. The catchment has a
slope of 0.004 and the length of travel for water is
1150 m. Estimate the 25-year discharge if the rainfall
intensity is given by

0.2
1000 Tr
I 
t  20 0.7

where I is in mm/h, Tr is in years and t is


in minutes. Assume a runoff coefficient
of 0.35.
Solution
L = 1150 m
S = 0.004
t c  0.0195 1150  0.004 0.385
0.77
 37.2 min utes

1000 25
0.2
I   112 .05 mm / h  11 .205 cm / h
37.2  200. 7

A = 185 ha = 1.85 km2


C = 0.35

3
Q  2.778  0.35  1.85  11 .205  20.12 m / s
Example 4: Calculate the time of concentration of 306 ha land of
watershed, if the maximum length of drainage course is 350 m and
effective slope of water course is about 4 m/ 100 m.
Solution
Given that, L = 350 m
S = 4/ 100

 Time of concentrat in (Tc )  0.02 L0.77  S  0.385.


 0.385
 4 
 0.02 350  
0.77

 100 
 6.82 min utes
Since the above relationship does not give the accurate estimate for the
small watershed smaller than 5 sq. km. Haan et al (1982) proposed another
relationship. He justified that, small watersheds are mainly dominated by
overland flow rather than channel flow. Incorporating this effect, he
formulated the following equation for computing the time of concentration
which is basically the addition of overland flow component in the above
equation.

0.467
0.77  0.385
 2 L0 n 
Tc  0.02 L S  
 S0 
Example: An outlet is to be designed for a small town
covering 12 km2, of which road area is 30 %, residential
area is 50 % and the rest is industrial area. The slope of the
catchment is 0.005 and the maximum length of the town
measured on the map is 1.6 km. From depth duration
analysis for the catchment, the following informations are
obtained.
Rainfall duration (min) 30 40 50
Rainfall depth (mm) 30 40 44
Solution
Time of concentration can be calculated from Kirpich
equation
Time of concentration can be calculated from
Kirpich equation
tc0.02 L0.77 S-0.385 = 0.00  16000.77  0.005-0.385 = 45

min
Rainfall for tc = 45 = min is
 computaed by

interpolating data given in


the problem.
i.e. 40 45 50
40 ? 44
10 4

5 ?  40
10 ?  40   20
50  40 44  40
10 ?  400  20 
45  40 ?  40
?  42 mm

 I = 42 mm within 45 min = 56 mm/h


From Table 5.2, C for road is 0.8, for residential
area is 0.40 and for industrial area is 0.20.

0.8 0.312  0.4 0.5 12   0.2 0.2 12 


 Composite C 
12
= 0.24 + 0.20 + 0.04 = 0.48

0.48  56  12
QP   89.6 m3 / s
3.6

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