IN COLLABORATION WITH

MODULE 2
CHILD-CENTERED DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT/CLIMATE
CHANGE ADAPTATION (DRRM/CCA)
PROGRAMMING
CHILD-CENTERED COMMUNITY-BASED
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT TRAINING
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of module 2, the participants must be able to:

1 Describe the child -- his/her intrinsic characteristics and

vulnerabilities

2
Explain the basic rights of a child anchored on the
United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child
(UNCRC) and how these can be protected and violated
during disasters

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 OBJECTIVES

3
Identify ways to ensure protection and promotion of
children’s rights, particularly in the planning and
implementation of a DRRM/CCA Program

4 Enumerate potential roles of children in DRRM/CCA

Programming

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED

THE CHILD

PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF A CHILD

THE CHILD’S RIGHTS IN DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 SESSION 2.1

THE CHILD

PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF A CHILD

THE CHILD’S RIGHTS IN DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 THE CHILD

A person below the age of

18, unless the laws of a
particular country set the
legal age for adulthood
younger

- United Nations Convention

on the Rights of Children
(UNCRC)

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 THE CHILD

"Children" refers to persons below

eighteen (18) years of age or those
over but are unable to fully take care
of themselves or protect themselves
from abuse, neglect, cruelty,
exploitation or discrimination
because of a physical or mental
disability or condition;
-Special Protection of Children
Against Abuse, Exploitation and
Discrimination Act
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 EXERCISE 2-1. CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHILD

What are the characteristics of children in this

(specify) age group?

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHILD
Age Group Characteristics

• Unable to feed themselves

• Totally dependent on adults for care and
0-5 survival

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHILD
Age Group Characteristics

• Short attention span

• Curious
• Dependent
6-9 • Self-absorbed

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHILD
Age Group Characteristics
• Very active
• Needs guidance from adults in doing tasks
• Admires and imitates older boys and girls
• Extremely curious
• Have limited decision making ability
• Are interested in activities involving boys
and girls
• Are interested in sports and active games
• Want to explore
10-12

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHILD
Age Group Characteristics
• Concerned about acceptance by peers, about
belonging
• Self-conscious
• Still require parental guidance but beginning to
seek independence
• Peer pressure mounts, first from same sex, then
from opposite sex.
• Need freedom from parental control to make
13 to less than 18 decisions.
years old • Want adult leadership roles.
• Strong desire for status in peer group

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 SESSION 2.2

THE CHILD

PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF A CHILD

THE CHILD’S RIGHTS IN DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 EXERCISE 2-2: Protecting the Rights of a Child

• How are children’s rights violated within the FAMILY,

SCHOOL and COMMUNITY?

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 VIDEO ON BCPCing GUMAGALAW

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 RIGHTS OF A CHILD

• The right to life, survival and development;

• The right to be heard;

• Nondiscrimination and

• Best interests of the child

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

UNIVERSAL, NON-DISCRIMINATORY AND INCLUSIVE

• universal
• inalienable
• Indivisible and
interdependent

No one should be discriminated against because of one’s age, gender, race,

religion, or socio-economic standing.
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT

Children have the right to live.

Governments should ensure that
children survive and develop.

Children must also be treated

with dignity and respect.

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

PROTECTION FROM ALL FORMS OF VIOLENCE

https://i0.wp.com/imageshack.com/a/img607/6955/wn8d.jpg

Children have the right to be protected from being

hurt and mistreated, physically or mentally.
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
PROTECTION FROM ALL FORMS OF VIOLENCE
Health and health services

….the right to good quality

health care – the best
health care possible – to
safe drinking water,
nutritious food, a clean
and safe environment, and
information to help them
stay healthy.

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

PROTECTION FROM ALL FORMS OF VIOLENCE

Child labour

The government
should protect children
from:
• being forced to work
• work that is
dangerous or might
harm their health or
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disrupt education E5B85E4D08B14C739CE97C92403D70EA/childlabor-
_E5B85E4D08B14C739CE97C92403D70EA.jpg

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

PROTECTION FROM ALL FORMS OF VIOLENCE

Other forms of exploitation

Children should be protected

from any activity that takes
advantage of them or could
harm their welfare and
development
https://jajajajamby.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/child-pornography.jpg

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 PARTICIPATION

Respect the views of

the child

Children have the

right to say what they
think should happen
and have their
opinions taken into
account

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 PARTICIPATION
Listen to the
opinions of
children and
involve them in
decision-making
-- not give
children authority
over adults.

Children's ability to form and express their opinions develops with age

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 PARTICIPATION

Freedom of expression

Right to get and share information,

as long as the information is not
damaging to them or others.

Children have the responsibility to

also respect the rights, freedoms
and reputations of others.

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 PARTICIPATION

Access to information;
mass media

Right to information
that is important to
their
health and well-being.

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 PARTICIPATION

Freedom of association

The right to meet

together and to join
groups and
organizations, as long as
it does not stop other
people from enjoying
their rights.

VOLUNTARY, INCLUSIVE and

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
SAFE.
 BEST INTEREST

The best
interests of the
children must be
the primary
concern in
making
decisions that
may affect them.

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW A CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED

Areas of a
Child’s Violation Protection
Life
• Verbal abuse • Proper communication
• Sexual abuse • Separation from the abusive family
member
• Corporal punishment (physical • Positive discipline
and humiliating punishment) • Counseling and psychosocial support
• Neglect (food, health needs, • Provision of basic services (i.e. food,
basic needs) immunization, medical consultation)
Family • Integrated management of malnutrition
• Enroll in public school or alternative
• Not sent to school learning system
• Allow child to express herself/himself;
• Not allowed to express listen to them
herself/himself • Awareness raising
• Being made to do heavy chores

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW A CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED

Areas of a
Child’s Violation Protection
Life
• Being made to work to earn a • Child safeguarding
living in support of the family • Livelihood/food security
(child labor)
• Trafficking • Reporting of violations
• Enforce child protection-related
laws (RA 7610, 9344, 10627 ,
Family 9231, 9208)
• Separation from the family during • Family reunification plan
a disaster • Family DRR plan

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW A CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED
Areas of a
Child’s Violation Protection
Life
• Verbal abuse • Report the abusive teacher/school
• Sexual abuse staff
• Bullying • Report the abusive schoolmate
• Corporal punishment • Enforce RA 10627 (Anti-bullying
• Not allowed to express Act of 2013)
herself/himself • Enforce child-protection-related
School
• Being made to do heavy laws (RA 7610, 9344, 9231,
tasks/chores 9208)
• Being made to handle hazardous
waste
• Public ridicule/humiliation
• Discrimination

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW A CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED

Areas of a
Violation
Child’s Protection
Life
• Denying access to education and • Ensure access to information
information (particularly on child rights)
• Interrupted education (i.e. when • Education in emergencies
schools are set up as evacuation programming
School centers, or are damaged during • Setting up of temporary learning
disaster) spaces (TLS) and child friendly
spaces (CFS) immediately after a
disaster
• Provision of self-learning kit

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED

Areas of a
Violation
Child’s Protection
Life
• Unsafe school facilities, location • Comprehensive school safety
and environment • Hazard, vulnerability and capacity
assessment
School
• Safe school facilities; employ
adaptive measures
• DRRM/CCA programming

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW A CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED

Areas of a
Child’s Violation Protection
Life
• Verbal abuse • Report abusive party to the
• Sexual abuse authorities (LGU, DSWD)
• Child labor • Do not allow the abusive party to
• Corporal punishment (physical have access to the child
and humiliating punishment) • Enforce child protection-related
Communit
laws (RA 7610, 9344, 10627 ,
y
9231, 9208)
• Advocate for and monitor
enforcement of these laws

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW A CHILD’S RIGHTS ARE VIOLATED AND
HOW THEY CAN BE PROTECTED

Areas of a
Child’s Violation Protection
Life
• Being made to handle hazardous • Report to the media and other
waste cause-oriented groups
• Public ridicule or bullying • Activate /reactivate Barangay
• Discrimination Council for the Protection of
Communit • Denying access to information Children (BCPC)
y and services • Provide access to information and
• Recruitment for illegal acts or services
into the armed forces • DRRM/CCA plan
• Trafficking

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 SESSION 2.3

THE CHILD

PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF A CHILD

THE CHILD’S RIGHTS IN DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 EXERCISE 2-3 THE CHILD’S
RIGHTS IN DRR/CCA
PROGRAMMING

• How children are affected by disasters or ineffective

implementation of the DRR/CCA program

• What can be done to address this; and

• How children can participate in the formulation and

implementation of solutions

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
DISASTERS AND CLIMATE CHANGE?

Education:
• They are unable to go to
school when classes are
suspended during disasters;

• They need to make up for

lost days;

• Schools are used as

evacuation centers so they
still can’t resume classes;
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
DISASTERS AND CLIMATE CHANGE?

Education:
• Schools are used as evacuation centers so they still
can’t resume classes;

• Damage to school supplies, books, and the school itself

further prevent the resumption/continuation of
learning;

• May need to relocate or even drop out of school;

• Decreased learning/loss of learning

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
DISASTERS AND CLIMATE CHANGE?

Health:
• Malnutrition which in turn affects learning and development

• Exposure to elements render them vulnerable to diseases and

injury

• Psychological effects: traumatic experience, less playing time

- deprived of pleasant childhood

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
DISASTERS AND CLIMATE CHANGE?

• Poor health,
neurological damage,
antisocial behaviours,
violence, and cognitive
regression can result
from acute stress and
distress during the
early years (Shonkoff,
Boyce & McEwen, http://www.handsofmercyph.org/images/20080601.jpg

2009)
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
DISASTERS AND CLIMATE CHANGES?

Protection
• Injury/death

• Separation from family

• Prone to abuse and

exploitation (in evacuation
center; no privacy) – sexual,
physical, emotional

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 HOW ARE CHILDREN AFFECTED BY
DISASTERS AND CLIMATE CHANGES?

Protection
• Trafficking

• Loss of important documents such as birth certificates,

school records

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 IMPORTANCE OF LISTENING TO AND CONSIDERING
CHILDREN’S VIEWS ON DRR/CCA

Children have the right

to express their opinions
and to be heard,
particularly on matters
that would affect their
health, safety and
general well-being.

Children can participate in DRR/CCA program

&
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING contribute to development
 IMPORTANCE OF LISTENING TO AND CONSIDERING
CHILDREN’S VIEWS ON DRR/CCA

• They are vulnerable to

the negative effects of
disaster and climate
change, and an
improperly managed
DRR/CCA program.

• It is important to
• They have a say in what would help
inculcate a culture of
them be protected from the negative
safety and resilience at a
effects of an ineffective DRRM/CCA
very young age.
program.
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 PREVENTION, MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS

• Raise their awareness

• Let them attend community meetings and share their
ideas, concerns, viewpoints and suggestions
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 PREVENTION, MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS

Engaging them in disaster

preparedness activities, such as
evacuation drills, hazard and risk
identification and mapping, and
contingency planning for schools and
barangays;

Participation in
Youth/Student/OSY/CWD groups that
will be mobilized in DRR/CCA
programs
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 PREVENTION, MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS
• Act as peer facilitators in literacy and play
sessions

• Contribute stories, photographs/drawings

regarding their DRR/CCA experiences

• Conducting community and outreach

campaigns

• Participating in monitoring and assessing

DRR/CCA programs and activities
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 RESPONSE
• Proper care and support
in a loving family
environment.

• Food and nutrition

• Clean water and

sanitation

• Housing

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 RESPONSE
• Healthcare

• Organized recreational activities

in evacuation camps

• Ensuring continuing education

during disasters

• Preservation of children's local

culture and heritage even during
times of emergency
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 RESPONSE
• Creation of child-friendly spaces

• Protection from all forms of abuse, neglect, exploitation, and

violence.
o Physical abuse, corporal punishment or torture
o Forced labor or hazardous work conditions
o Recruitment into armed forces
o Sexual abuse or exploitation
o Neglect, emotional or verbal abuse
o Separation from family

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY

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CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY
• Assessment of the impact of the disaster
on children; identification of immediate
and long-term needs for recovery

• Involvement of children in discussions

on planning for rehabilitation and
recovery

• Repair and/or reconstruction of schools;

immediate resumption of classes

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 CHILD-CENTERED DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

• In the assessment phase and the development of the DRRM

plan, there should be disaggregation of data according to
age, sex, ethnic group, abilities and geographical location

• Assessment, planning, implementation and monitoring and

evaluation of DRRM programs should ensure that
marginalized groups receive the proper support.

 
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 CHILD-CENTERED DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

• The entire DRRM cycle should adopt processes that will

facilitate the participation of children who are often
excluded or whose participation is hindered by various
factors, such as different abilities or capacities, language or
dialect, economic status, geographic distance and access to
transportation, and social status.

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 CHILD-CENTERED DRR/CCA PROGRAMMING

Inviting children to
take part in planning
and decision-making
activities follows
them to perform a
positive and valued
role in the
community. When children are provided with spaces for
participation, they are able to express their views
freely about issues relating to them, which adults in
turn must consider and take seriously.
CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING
 SUMMARY

• Describe the child --his/her intrinsic characteristics and

vulnerabilities; we saw that because of these
characteristics that render children vulnerable, it is critical
to ensure to their rights are protected.

• Explain the basic rights of a child anchored on the United

Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child (UNCRC)
and how these can be protected and violated during
disasters in DRRM/CCA

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING

 SUMMARY

• Identify ways to ensure protection and promotion of

children’s rights, particularly in the planning and
implementation of a DRRM/CCA Program

• Enumerate potential roles of children in DRRM/CCA

Program

CHILD-CENTERED DRRM/CCA PROGRAMMING