Intravenous Fluids
Intravenous Fluids
• Indication :
• Intravascular resuscitation and replacement of
salt losses e.g. diarrhoea and vomiting.
• Also for diluting packed RBCs prior to transfusion
• Used for diluting Drugs
• Distribution:
• Stays almost entirely in the extracellular
space.Of 1 litre - 750ml extra vascular fluid;
250ml intravascular fluid.
• Complications:
• When given in large volume can produces
Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis because
of high Na+ and Cl- content.
3.0 % Saline = HYPERtonic saline
• INDICATIONS:
• Indications :
• Deficit ,Intraoperative fluid loss
• Severe hypovolemia
• Precautions:
• Severe metabolic acidosis ( impaired lactate
conversion)
• Don’t give with blood product ( Ca bind with citrate
reduced anticoagulant activity )
DNS
• Multiple electrolyte & dextrose solution
• Isotonic
Indication :Pediatric maintenance fluid
IsoLyte -P
• 0.9% saline & 5% dextrose
Indication :
• Maintenance solution
• Correction of fluid deficit with
supply of energy
• Compatible with blood
Colloids
• Particles which do not readily cross
semi- permeable membranes
• Stay intravascular for a prolonged
period compared to crystalloids.
• NATURAL :Albumin
• ARTIFICIAL: Gelatin, Dextran and
HES
ALBUMIN
• Principal natural colloid comprising of 50-60% of all
plasma proteins.
Used:
• For emergency treatment of shock especially due to
loss of plasma
• Acute management of burns
• Fluid resuscitation in ICU
• Hypoalbuminemia
Side Effects:
pruritis, anaphylactic reactions, coagulation
abnormalities.
DEXTRAN
Eg : 70 Kg pt
Maintenance fluid : 40+20+50= 110 ml/hr