UM DIGOS COLLEGE

Department of Teacher Education

The Child and Adolescent Learners and

Learning Principles
Dr. Escoto, the school physician conducted a
physical examination in Ms. Manuel's class. What
concept best describes the quantitative increase
observed by Dr. Escoto among learners in terms of
height and weight?

A. Development C. Learning
B. Growth D. Maturation
Which statements below best describes
development?

A. A high school student’s height increased by

5’2” to 5’4”
B. A high school student’s change in weight from
110 lbs. to 125 lbs.
C. A student had learned to operate the computer.
D. A student’s enlargement of hips.
Which situation best illustrates the concept of
growth?

A. A kinder pupil gains 2 pounds within two

months.
B. A high school students gets a score of 85 in a
mental ability test.
C. An education student has gained knowledge on
approaches and strategies in teaching different
subjects.
D. Elementary grader has learned to play piano.
What is the process of Piaget done during
our growing years, acquiring new experience
and ideas?
a.Assimilation
b.Equilibrium
c.Schematization -
d.Accommodation – new /change
At what level of Kohlberg’s stages of morality is
Joy allowing a seatmate to copy so that she will
appear to her as more intelligent?
a.Pre-conventional for mutual benefit
b.Conventional to obey the law
c.Pre-conventional out of fear of punishment
d.Conventional for social approval
Using Sigmund Freud’s terminologies, how
can drug addiction be explained?
a.Id exerts too much power over the Ego
b.Id and Super-ego balances each other
c.Ego overcomes the Id
d.The super-ego blinds the ego
Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development is the
______ between what the child can learn on his/her
own and what is accomplished with the help of others
a.Divisor
b.Multiplier
c.Difference
d.Equivalent
On cognitive development, what can 0 to 6
months old infant be capable of doing?
a.Say meaningful words
b.Speak single words
c.Use-minimal sounds
d.Giggle, coo and babble
Along Erikson psychosocial theory, which
statement is one of optimism in early age?
a.I meet an uncertain world
b.I can rely on my caregivers
c.I’m fist out of the water
d.I like my parents
Two identical beakers A & B are presented to the child.
Teacher pours the liquid from B into C., which is taller, and
thinner than A & B has equal capacity with B. teacher asks if
the beakers A: C have the same amount of liquid. The child
says “ No” and points to C as the beaker that has more liquid.
In what cognitive developmental stage is the child?
a.Formal operational stage
b.Pre-operational (egocentrism, irreversility, lack of
conservation)
c.Concrete operational stage -
d.Sensorimotor – object permanence (0-2 yrs)
To make sense of our world we organize our
experiences. We also change our thinking to include
new ideas and additional information. The process of
changing our thinking as a result of new ideas is
termed by Piaget as________.
a.Construction
b.Adaptation
c.Assimilation
d.Accommodation
A pre-school child says: “ That tree pushed the leaf off,
and it fell down”. This show that the pre-school child
believes that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities
and are capable of action. This belief is
called___________.
a.Symbolism
b.Realism
c.Animation
d.Animism
Miss Solano, a preschool teacher sees to it that the
children are given opportunity to explore and work on
different materials so that they will develop initiative
and not guilt. She is guided by the theory of______.
a.Maslow
b.Kohlberg
c.Gardner
d.Erikson
Jose reads WAS for SAW or D for P or B. from
his reading behavior, one can say that Jose
suffers from ___________.
a.Dysgraphia
b.Dyslexia – not able to read properly
c.dysphasia
d.dyspraxia
Which is a teaching approach for kindergarten that
makes real world experiences of the child the focal
point of educational stimulation?
a.Montessori approach – children approaches
b.traditional approach
c.Eclectic approach
d.Situational approach
It is not wise to laugh at a two year old child
when he utters bad words because in his stage he
is learning to:
a.Consider other’s views
b.Distinguish right and wrong
c.Socialize
d.Distinguish sex differences
Mothers who demand their 3 to 5 children to
spend their time in serious academic study forget
that early childhood is the
a.questioning age
b.pre school age
c.initiative age
d.toy age
Miss Rita is an excellent Physical Education teacher. She
started teaching volleyball to her Grade 2 class. Despite
all her efforts, her class does not seem to learn how to
play the game. What law of learning was disregarded?
a. Law of Disuse
b. Law of Effect
c. Law of Exercise
d. Law of Readiness
Of the following human needs, which is
considered as the most basic needs for human
growth and maturation based on Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs? 
a. Health and safety
b.recognition and prestige
c.Peace and comfort
d. Self fulfillment
Erikson has emphasized the importance of developing the
child’s autonomy, or else, the child might develop shame and
doubt of oneself. Which of the following situation indicates
autonomy in the learning environment? 
A.Students achieve high grades. 
B.Students having high responsibility for own learning. 
C.Students have high bonding or relatedness in school. 
D. Students contribute to warm and friendly school
atmosphere. 
Under the psychomotor domain of learning, what is the
learning outcome being assessed in dramatic reading
using expressive movements through the posture,
gestures, facial expressions or creative movements? 
a.Non-discursive communication – non verbal
b.Discursive skills
c.Psycho-motor skills
d.portrayal skills
Which Piagetian term refers to one’s inability
to distinguish between one’s own
perspective and someone else’s?
a.Autism
b.Centration
c.Conservation
d.Egocentrism
Two identical balls of clay are shown to the child. The
child agrees that they are equal. Teacher changes the
shape of one of the balls and asks the child whether they
still contain equal amounts of clay. The child answer, “ No
the longer one has more”. What skill does the child lack?
a.Centration
b.Reasoning
c.Intuition
d.Conservation – mass, volume, size, shape
Which theory is demonstrated by this? A young boy
might observe his father aggressive outbursts and
hostile interchanges with people; when observe with
his peers, the young boy’s style of interaction is highly
aggressive.
a.Social cognitive theory
b.Cognitive developmental theory
c.Operant conditioning - reinforcement
d.Classical conditioning - stimulus
Which statement correctly explains the
constructivist theory of learning?
a.Children are empty receptacles
b.Children actively create knowledge and
understanding
c.Children are passive learners
d.Children’s minds are blank slates
Which one is a developmental task of the
intermediate pupil according to Havighurst’s list
of development tasks?
a.Learning sex differences
b.Beginning to develop a conscience
c.Achieving emotional independence from
parents
d.Learning to get along with age mates
This is the stage when the learner becomes
confused and starts to experience identity crisis.
Which of these stages is it?
a. early childhood
b. early adulthood
c. late childhood
d. Adolescent
A P.E. Teacher wrote this objective in her lesson plan, "to
execute the four fundamental steps." When observed by the
school principal, she was showing her class how to execute
basic dance step correctly. Why did the teacher use a
demonstration method to implement her objective?
a. It is a chance to show teacher's expertise
b. No students know how to execute the steps
c. Class time is limited to ask students to execute
d. It is easier to imitate a teacher who shows the steps
Teacher Cleo observed that the preschool
children have generally short attention and
interest span. What kind of class activities should
select for them?
a. short, varied and interesting 
b. challenging and interesting  
c. both easy and difficult 
d. long but interesting
Among mistaken goals in the Acceptance Approach to,
discipline, what happens when students seek to hurt
others to make up for being hurt or rejected?
A. Revenge seeking
B. Power seeking
C. Withdrawal
D. Attention getting
To what problem type do students belong, who have
short attention span, unable to sustain concentration
by being easily affected by sights, sounds or speech?
A. Withdrawn
B. Defiant
C. Low achiever
D. Distractible
Following Kolberg's Theory of Moral
Development, what is the moral reasoning or
perspective of Joy who allows her classmate to
copy her test work, so that she will be her friend?
A. Social approval
B. Punishment
C. Obedience
D. instrumental relativist/mutual benefit
Which piagetian term refers to one’s inability
to distinguish between one’s own
perspective and someone else’s?
a.Autism
b.Centration
c.Conservation
d.Egocentrism
Two identical balls of clay are shown to the child. The
child agrees that they are equal. Teacher changes the
shape of one of the balls and asks the child whether they
still contain equal amounts of clay. The child answer, “ No
the longer one has more”. What skill does the child lack?
a.Centration
b.Reasoning
c.Intuition
d.Conservation
Which theory is demonstrated by this? A young boy
might observe his father aggressive outbursts and
hostile interchanges with people; when observe with
his peers, the young boy’s style of interaction is highly
aggressive.
a.Social cognitive theory
b.Cognitive developmental theory
c.Operant conditioning
d.Classical conditioning
Rachelle brings of her books to school because
she wants to please the teacher and get good
grades. To which of the following levels of
morality according to Kohlberg does she belong?
A. Conventional - social approval, law and order
B. Pre-conventional -
punishment/instrumental/mutual
C. Post-conventional - social contract/universal
principle
D. Either pre-conventional or conventional
In Piaget’s concrete operational stage, a teacher
should provide _______.
A. Activities for hypothesis formulation
B. Learning activities that involve problems of
classification and order
C. Activities for evaluation purposes
D. Stimulating environment with ample objects to play
with
A child was punished for cheating in an exam. For sure the
child won’t cheat again in short span of time, but this does
not guarantee that the child won’t cheat ever again. Based
on Thorndike’s theory on punishment and learning, this shows
that __________.
A. Punishment strengthens a response
B. Punishment removes response
C. Punishment doesn’t remove a response
D. Punishment weakens a response
What can a child do under initiative vs. guilt
stage?
A.believe in people
B.prepare to take a risk
C. develop competence
D.withdraw from a difficulty
In the formal operational stage, which is/are adolescents
capable of doing to solve problem?
I. Formulate hypotheses
II. Systematically test hypotheses
III. Reason out -
A. I , ll and lll
B. Ll only
C. I and Il
D. Ill only
Jerome Bruner and Edgar Dale agree that for
effective teaching-learning, teachers should begin
with
A. concrete…
B. abstract
C. symbolic
D. ionic
Jerome Bruner and Edgar Dale advise
teachers to _________ for effective
teaching-learning,
A.dwell only on the concrete
B.move from the concrete to the abstract
C. move from the abstract to the concrete
D.dwell only on the abstract
Of the five different levels of environment in
Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, which is the
closest to the learner and the most influential?
A. Microsystem
B. Mesosystem
C. Macrosystem
D. Exosystem
Which is an example of a child's mesosystem that
does NOT work favorably for the child?
A. The child's parent and teacher are at odds.
B. The child is not in good terms with his peers.
C. There is so much hostility at home.
D. The child is sickly.
Which is an example of a child's exosystem that
does not work favorably for the child?
A. A child gets bullied in school.
B. Mother gets a job promotion and so has less
time for supervision of her child's homework.
C. The teacher play's favorites.
A Filipino Master's degree graduate is surprised to know that
he cannot proceed the doctorate program applied for in
Louvain, Belgium because of the short year basic education.
Based on Bronfenbrenner’s theory, to which system in
environment can this be attributed?
A. Mesosystem - connection
B. Exosystem- job location
C. Macrosystem – laws, systems, culture
D. Chronology system – time,