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Grade 8 HISTORY OF THE INTERNET

The document summarizes the history of the internet from the 1960s to present day. It describes how the earliest concepts for a global computer network emerged in the 1960s at organizations like MIT and ARPA. Major developments included the ARPANET in 1969, TCP/IP in the 1970s, and the establishment of Ethernet and dial-up access in the 1980s. The World Wide Web was invented in the 1990s, and the dot-com boom and rise of internet-based businesses occurred in the late 1990s and 2000s.

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Leslie Perez
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102 views

Grade 8 HISTORY OF THE INTERNET

The document summarizes the history of the internet from the 1960s to present day. It describes how the earliest concepts for a global computer network emerged in the 1960s at organizations like MIT and ARPA. Major developments included the ARPANET in 1969, TCP/IP in the 1970s, and the establishment of Ethernet and dial-up access in the 1980s. The World Wide Web was invented in the 1990s, and the dot-com boom and rise of internet-based businesses occurred in the late 1990s and 2000s.

Uploaded by

Leslie Perez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HISTORY OF THE

INTERNET
1960s
 The internet as we know it doesn’t exist until much later, but internet history
starts in the 1960s.

 In 1962, MIT computer scientist J.C.R. Licklider comes up with the idea for a
global computer network.

 He later shares his idea with colleagues at the U.S. Department of Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). Work by Leonard Kleinrock, Thomas
Merrill and Lawrence G. Roberts on packet-switching theory pioneers the way to
the world’s first wide-area computer network.

 Roberts later goes on to publish a plan for the ARPANET, an ARPA-funded


computer network that becomes a reality in 1969. Over the following years, the
ARPANET grows.
1970s
 In 1973, Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf collaborate to develop a protocol for
linking multiple networks together.

 This later becomes the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol


(TCP/IP), a technology that links multiple networks together such that, if one
network is brought down, the others do not collapse. 

 While working at Xerox, Robert Metcalfe develops a system using cables that
allows for transfer of more data over a network

 He names this system Alto Aloha, but it later becomes known as Ethernet.
Over the next few years, Ted Nelson proposes using hypertext to organize
network information, and Unix becomes popular for TCP/IP networks.
1980s
 Dave Farber of the University of Delaware reveals a project to build an
inexpensive network using dial-up phone lines

 In 1982, the PhoneNet system is established and is connected to ARPANET and


the first commercial network, Telenet.

 This broadens access to the internet and allows for email communication
between multiple nations of the world. In 1981, Metcalfe’s company 3Com
announces Ethernet products for both computer workstations and personal
computers; this allows for the establishment of local area networks (LANs).

 Paul Mockapetris, Jon Postel and Craig Partridge create the Domain Name
system, which uses domain names to manage the increasing number of users on
the internet.

 In 1985, the first domain is registered: symbolics.com, a domain belonging to


a computer manufacturer.
1990s
 In 1990, ARPANET is decommissioned. Tim Berners-Lee and his colleagues at
CERN develop hypertext markup language (HTML) and the uniform resource
locator (URL), giving birth to the first incarnation of the World Wide Web

 A watershed year for the internet comes in 1995: Microsoft launches Windows
95; Amazon, Yahoo and eBay all launch; Internet Explorer launches; and Java is
created, allowing for animation on websites and creating a new flurry of internet
activity.

 In 1996, Congress passes the Communications Decency Act in an effort to


combat the growing amount of objectionable material on the internet.

 In 1999, the music and video piracy controversy intensifies with the launch of
Napster. The first internet virus capable of copying and sending itself to a user’s
address book is discovered in 1999.
2000 onwards
 2000 sees the rise and burst of the dotcom bubble

 While myriad internet-based businesses become present in everyday life, the


Dow Jones industrial average also sees its biggest one-day drop in history up to
that point.

 the 2000s see Google’s meteoric rise to domination of the search engine
market.

 This decade also sees the rise and proliferation of Wi-Fi — wireless internet
communication — as well as mobile internet devices like smartphones

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