WELCOME BACK!!!

Global Distribution System

DTM2033
LAB RULES: IMPORTANT!!!

NO CELL PHONE AT
WORK AREA

All student are compulsory to

wear sock while in the class!!
Using this computer
LAB is privilege
Abuse It  Loose It
 BY THE END OF COURSE, YOU
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
  Course Learning Outcome Programme Learning Outcome(s)Addressed Assessment Methods
(CLO)
  demonstrate the procedures in    
CLO GDS, encode and decode. PLO1:  
1 (C2,PLO1) Practical Work
acquire tourism knowledge and management to
   
meet current needs and adapt to challenges and
changes in the tourism industry.
 
    Practical work,
PLO2:
CLO Make reservation and ticketing Practical test
  2 using the correct sequence practice tourism management skills, deliver
procedure. (P4, PLO2) quality customer service and practice good
values in tourism establishment.
     
CLO Utilize various information to  
3 handle reservation and PLO6: Practical test
ticketing (P3, PLO6) recognize the needs to continuously nurture
 
intellectual and professional growth through
lifelong learning activities
 IMPORTANT:
• All note and assignment must be
downloaded at CIDOS.
• All student are compulsory to assign
role in CIDOS and student
participation will be monitored.
• Course Outline must be download from
CIDOS and bring in to class.
INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (03 : 02)
 1.1 Explain the history of Global Distribution System (GDS)
1.1.1 Explain the history for various types of GDS
1.1.1.1 ABACUS
1.1.1.2 AMADEUS
1.1.1.3 GALILEO
 1.2 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of function and

terminology
1.2.1 Explain the function of Global Distribution System (GDS)
1.2.2 Explain the terminology of Global Distribution System
(GDS)
 1.3 Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of special keys to certain command in
Global Distribution System (GDS)
1.3.1 Practice sign-in and sign-out procedure
1.3.2 Explain the special key mapped by Global Distribution
System (GDS)
1.3.3 Use key to cell up and reuse previous command
DO YOU KNOW
ABOUT CRS & GDS?
YOUR TASK!!
 Create 1 group consists of 3 person ONLY!!
 First Task:
 Google information about GDS.
 Types of GDS.
 History of GDS.
 How the system help in managing the flight reservation.

 Second task, go to any nearest travel agent, find about;

 The GDS that being use.
 The advantage and disadvantage on GDS.
 The importance of student to know about this GDS system.
REGIONAL BOOKING DIFFERENT
What is CRS?
 Computer Reservation System (CRS) is an information system
that promotes sales and provides fast and accurate
information about availability, price and bookings of tourism
products and services
 Originally CRSs were developed to facilitate business transactions and
bookings related to air travel
 Later, CRSs were extended for the use of travel agencies, hotels, and
other tourism and hospitality businesses to manage their inventory
and allow direct access through terminals to check for availability,
make reservations and issue tickets
 Today, CRSs are of high importance for travel and tourism industry
CRS History
 CRS is the first information system that was used in tourism
industry
 Primarily was used as inventory-control system by airlines
 In 1962 American Airlines introduced SABRE (Semi-Automated
Business Research Environment) the first commercial CRS,
developed by IBM, that was used for:
 generating flight plans for the aircraft

 tracking spare parts

 scheduling crews ...

Figure:
SABRE Reservation system in 1960s (Venema, 2011)
Travel Agent before GDSs
 Travel agent required
individual connections to
airlines
 If airlines used different
mainframe systems, travel
agent had to use and be
trained on different mainframe
clients
 Searches and reservations
were performed separately on
individual airline CRSs
PROBLEMS BEFORE ADVENT OF GDSS
 Travel agents required individual connections to airlines

 If two or more airlines used different mainframe

systems, travel agents had to use and be trained on
different mainframe clients

 Inability to perform direct searches across airline

systems

 Combining airline inventories a tedious process because

inventory searches and reservations had to be performed
in individual airline CRSs separately
Travel Agent after GDSs

Source: Introductionto Airline

Reservation Systems, 2009.

TRAVEL AGENT AFTER GDSS

1.A GDS practically centralizes access to multiple airline

CRSs, thereby making the lives of travel agents simpler. A
GDS provides a single interface to schedule, availability,
fare and reservation databases of multiple airlines.

2.Each GDS has direct connectivity to a fixed number of

airlines. These airlines are known as hosted airlines for that
GDS. The GDS is usually in real-time sync with its hosted
airlines.

3.GDSs synchronize with each other to share information

about their hosted airlines.
ADVANTAGES OF A GDS
 Simplified access to possibly all airlines, through a single
interface

 Ability to connect to multiple airlines either through legacy

mainframe clients or modern PC based clients

 Less maintenance and up-keep overhead

 Ability to combine airline inventories

TIMELINES OF GDS
MAIN FUNCTIONS
THE FUNCTION OF GDS
Written or oral communication to hold
a room, seat or place for a customer as
RESERVATION a requested by the customer, a
promise of service.

A process of printed of documentation

or paper by Transport Company
TICKETING showing that the holder is entitled to
be traveling on a means of transport
FEATURES OF GDS
 • An advanced booking to reserve space for a
Reservation designated time & date

Booking • An agreement that is made with a hospitality

Transaction enterprise before the delivery of products & services.

Reservation • An inventory management base coupled with a direct

System transaction-processing component.

• Programmed instructions for performing computer

Code functions
 Origin
• The city where the journey begins.

Destination • The final or ultimate stopping place.

Carrier • Airlines

Check in • Formalities undertaken on the arrival of a passenger at an

airport. This consists of the issue of a boarding pass

Boarding • Entering the aircraft

Intermediate • Any ticked point of travel between the origin and outward
City destination

Connecting • An intermediate city on the itinerary where the passenger is required

City to transfer flights, with no more than 24 hours between flights.
 Adult • A person who has reached his/her 12th birthday.

Child • A passenger who has reached his/her second birthday but

not his/her twelfth

Infant • A passenger who does not reached his/her 2nd birthday.

Fare • Amount paid for transportation by air, rail or ship for both
international and domestic travel

Special Fare • Other than normal fares and are usually having restrictions
such as advance purchase and a limited number of seats

Cancellation • Amount to be paid by a customer who fails to use a reserved

Fee accommodation or a flight reservation.

Situation occurring when airlines confirm reservations for

Overbooking more passenger than available
Direct Flight Flight does not require the passenger to change planes, but
which may or may not have intermediate stops

Non-stop • Flight from origin to destination without stop

Flight

No Show • Passenger who fails to use or cancel a reservation

Connecting • A flight that requires the passenger to change planes as part

Flight of the itinerary

Stopover • A deliberate interruption of journey, agreed in advance

(basically where the person wants to go)

Any stop or intermediate point on the route travelled,

Transit Point
whether it be to change planes or just a stop

Transfer • Service provided for arriving or departing travellers to

transport them from an air, sea or rail terminal to their hotel
 Introduction of types GDS
A) system B)
ABACUS AMADEUS

1.1 THE HISTORY OF

GLOBAL
DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEM (GDS)

C)
GALILEO
Major GDSs in operation today
 Sabre
 Amadeus
 Travelport (the umbrella company for the Galileo, Apollo, and Worldspan)

4%

29% 37%
Amadeus

Sabre
Travelport
Abacus
30%

Figure: GDS Bookings Worldwide

market share (Amadeus, 2009)
A) AMADEUS
 Amadeus is a computer reservation system owned by
the Amadeus IT Group.
 Amadeus was formed in 1987 by an alliance between Air
France, Lufthansa, Iberia Airlines and Scandinavian
Airlines System.
 The headquarters in Madrid, Spain.

 The central database is located at Erding, Germany.

 The CRS is used to book train travel, cruises, car rental,

ferry reservations, and hotel rooms.
 Amadeus is a member of IATA, OTA and SITA.

 Its IATA airline designator code is 1A.

Amadeus
 Founded in 1987 by Air France, Iberia, Lufthansa and SAS
 Headquartered in Madrid, Spain
 Largest booking share in Europe
 Used by www.expedia.com, www.opodo.com, www.flights.com ...
B) GALILEO
 Founded in 1971 by United Airline under the name of
Apollo Reservation System.
 During 1980 and early 1990s the airline ticket were sold
by travel agent.
 Galileo were created in an attempt to gain market share
in the computer reservation system and by increased to
commercial airline market.
 Galileo are members of IATA, OTA, SITA.
 The vendor is Travelport

 The functions : to book train travel, cruise, car rental and hotel
rooms.
C ) ABACUS
 Abacus is a Global Distribution System (GDS)
with a primary focus on Asia/Pacific travel operated by
Abacus International Pte, Ltd., which is headquartered in
Singapore.
 Airlines using Abacus as their primary GDS include the
following:
a) All Nippon Airways
b) Asiana Airlines
c) Cathay Pacific Airways
d) China Airlines
e) Dragonair
f) EVA Airways
g) Garuda Indonesia
h) Malaysia Airlines
i) Philipine Airlines
j) Royal Brunei Airlines
k) Singapore Airlines
Global Distribution Systems - GDS
 Besides air products, today GDSs provide access to:
 Car rentals
 Hotel booking
 Packaged holidays
 Cruises and ships
 Railways
 Local road transport ...
 GDS enable clients to compare, and access information about travel,
leisure, and other tourism related information from various tourism
service providers
GDS Display : Abacus (GUI-Mode / Mask)
Source : Prof. dr Angelina Njeguš,
GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Lesson
Review