Revision: Compressibility and Incompressibility
Revision: Compressibility and Incompressibility
If the density of the fluid is constant (ρ = constant) everywhere through the flow , it is •
.called incompressible ,and it is called compressible if the density is not fixed
The viscosity is the frictional forces originated inside the fluids and which is considered as •
.the resistance of flow
.Nonviscous fluid when the frictional forces are neglected •
Types of Flow
Consider that fluid consists of laminar or layers, so• •
we can represent each layer by line called a
.streamline
Streamline describes the flow of the fluid and its• •
direction
Types of Flow
Laminar Flow: the speed of flow is low and the •
streamlines of flow are parallel
Types of Flow
Turbulent Flow: the speed of flow is high and the •
streamlines intersect each other
Q in = Q out
The volume of water flowing through the hose per unit time
or the flow rate (Q) at the left must be equal to the flow rate
at the right, Or in fact anywhere along the hose
The flow rate is measured in the units of volume per unit time, m3/s •
The flow rate at any point in the hose is equal to (the area of the hose at that point) times •
(the speed with which the fluid is moving.) [Q=Av]
Consider a fluid is flowing in a tube as shown in figure above , where the radius of the tube is •
:decreasing , thus a certain point at the tube the fluid flow rate is
A1 =3m^2
P1=300000 Pa
m 20
A2 =3m^2 A3 =6m^2
Example 2
• Water flows through a 2.5 cm pipe at115 L/min
and o.15 bar pressure. It vents vertically 1 m
above the pipe. How high will the water shoot
from the vent?
Example 2
• Water is flowing from hole 1cm radius at the
bottom of a closed cylindrical container of 2m
diameter. If the height of the water in the
container is 2 m and the pressure over the
surface of water is 3 atm. calculate how much
time it took until the container became
empty?