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AP Computer Science Class: Primitive Type

This document provides an overview of key concepts in Java including: 1. Inline comments in Java use // and allow leaving secret messages in code for reviewers. 2. println() displays text and moves to a new line while print() displays without moving to a new line. 3. Every Java statement must end with a semicolon to indicate the end of an instruction to the compiler. 4. Variables are declared with a data type like int or String followed by the variable name.

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Anh Tran
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24 views

AP Computer Science Class: Primitive Type

This document provides an overview of key concepts in Java including: 1. Inline comments in Java use // and allow leaving secret messages in code for reviewers. 2. println() displays text and moves to a new line while print() displays without moving to a new line. 3. Every Java statement must end with a semicolon to indicate the end of an instruction to the compiler. 4. Variables are declared with a data type like int or String followed by the variable name.

Uploaded by

Anh Tran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AP Computer Science class

Primitive Type
1. Inline comment
• 2 slashes: //
• Function: Tell someone a secret message. The compiler will not render inline comment
Eg: you write a long project at a school and you have to explain your professors when they
read your code:
// The first step is …
*Your code here *
// The second step is …
• Your code *
// The third step is
…
2. Difference
between println()
and print()
• Write down these code and
tell me the difference
between println() and print()
2. Difference
between println()
and print()
• Write down these code and
tell me the difference
between println() and print()
2. Difference
between
println() and
print()
2. Difference between println() and print()

• Println(): To display some text and move the cursor onto the next line
• Print(): To display some text and NOT move the cursor onto the next line
3. Semicolon

• The semicolon is a special character that signifies the end


of an instruction. Every distinct line of code should end
with a semicolon. It tells the compiler that an instruction
ends here.
4. General Form for declaring a variable in Java

Datatype variableName;
Eg:
int number;
double gpa;
String name;
boolean fact;
4. General Form for declaring a variable and initialize it
in Java

Datatype variableName = value;


Eg:
int number = 4;
double gpa = 3.81;
String name = Thu;
boolean fact = true;
5. Naming variable: Camel case

• All primitive variable names start with a lowercase letter;


then for each new word in the variable name, the first
letter of the new word is assigned an uppercase letter.
• For eg:
myName, myMoney, theNumberOfStudents,
theNumberOfCoins,…
• Variable’s name cannot start with number or symbol:
• For eg: these are wrong
• int 5dollars;
• int #tickets;
• A constant is a name for a variable whose value
doesn’t change during the run of a program. Any
attempt to change the value of the constant will
generate a compiler error.
6. Constants • The Java naming convention is to capitalize each
letter of the constant name and to include
underscores (“_”) when two or more words are
combined.
7. The int and double type

• Decimals can be stored only in the double data type


Eg: double number = 3.97 not int number = 3.97
• Integers can be stored either double or int data type.
Eg: you can write double number = 4 or int number = 4
•If you want to store a value that is not a
7. The Boolean number, but rather a true or false value, then
you should choose a boolean variable
type
•8.1. Mod (symbol: %)

8. Mathematical •Example: 14 divide by 3 is 4 with a remainder 2.


•So the mod is 2.
Operation •-> 14 % 3 = 2
8. Mathematical •8.2. Other arithmetic operation
Operation
8. Mathematical Operation

8.3. The int and double division:


Try to write these in Replit and tell me the data type of each
output:
Q1: 10.0 / 4.0 -> double or int?
Q2: 10.0 / 4 -> double or int?
Q3: 10 / 4.0 -> double or int?
Q4: 10 / 4 -> double or int?
8. Mathematical •8.3. The int and double division:
Operation
8. Mathematical Operation

8.4. Arithmetic Exception:


Dividing by zero or performing a mod by zero will produce
an error called an ArithmeticException.
Eg:
9. Modifying Number Variables
9. Modifying Number Variables

Shortcut:
int score = 0;
score += 100;
9. Modifying
Number Variables

•Predict results of these codes:


9. Modifying
Number Variables

•Increment:
•To increment a variable means to
add to the value stored in the
variable
10. Casting a variable

• On the AP Computer Science A Exam, you will be tested on


the correct way to cast variables.
• Casting is a way to tell a variable to temporarily become a
different data type for the sake of performing some action,
such as division.
10. Casting a variable Predict the outputs:
10. Casting a variable
Manually rounding the output: to round the output,
cast from a double to an int
11. Types of errors:

1. Compile errors:
• Forgetting a semicolon at the end of an instruction
• Forgetting to put a data type for a variable
• Using a keyword as a variable name
• Forgetting to initialize a variable
• Forgetting a curly brace (a curly brace doesn’t have a
partner)
11. Types of errors:

2. Runtime exception (later chapters)


If your program crashes while it is running, then you
have a run-time error. The compiler will display the
error and it may have the word exception in it.
3. Logic errors:
You will have to analyze code in the multiple-choice
section of the exam and find hidden logic errors.

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