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Research: Marlon C. Dela Cruz, RPM, M.A

This document discusses research including its definition, purposes, characteristics, processes, qualitative vs quantitative approaches, kinds of research, and methods. Research is defined as a systematic, purposeful inquiry to discover and verify facts through a scientific process. It aims to discover new knowledge, solve problems, improve existing techniques, and provide a basis for decision making. Key characteristics include being expert, systematic, accurate, logical, objective, empirical, analytical, organized, replicable, and inductive. Common processes involve reviewing literature, determining a problem, forming a hypothesis, collecting and analyzing data, and determining conclusions. Qualitative research aims to understand phenomena through open-ended analysis while quantitative research tests hypotheses through precise measurements and statistical analysis. Research can be basic

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84 views51 pages

Research: Marlon C. Dela Cruz, RPM, M.A

This document discusses research including its definition, purposes, characteristics, processes, qualitative vs quantitative approaches, kinds of research, and methods. Research is defined as a systematic, purposeful inquiry to discover and verify facts through a scientific process. It aims to discover new knowledge, solve problems, improve existing techniques, and provide a basis for decision making. Key characteristics include being expert, systematic, accurate, logical, objective, empirical, analytical, organized, replicable, and inductive. Common processes involve reviewing literature, determining a problem, forming a hypothesis, collecting and analyzing data, and determining conclusions. Qualitative research aims to understand phenomena through open-ended analysis while quantitative research tests hypotheses through precise measurements and statistical analysis. Research can be basic

Uploaded by

Jay Vee Laxamana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rese ar ch

Marlon C. Dela Cruz, RPm, M.A


Commercial

B ooks Ads
Health
C a re
Research
Innovati technology
ons
Progress
It is the process of finding out
facts that relate to question that
you have asked. (Wilson & Rory,
2011)
A purposive,
systematic, and
scientific inquiry.
Research:
Why study it?
Why do it?
why?
To discover new
facts about known
phenomena.
why?
To find better answers
to problems partially
solved by existing
information.
why?
Improve existing
techniques & develop
new instruments or
products
why?
To provide basis for
decision-making in business,
industry, education,
government, and other
undertakings.
why?

To satisfy
curiosity
why?
To answer queries
through scientific
methods
why?

To expand and verify


knowledge
Research:
Characteristics
Characteristics
Manpower, Money,
Means, Material,
Method, Moment of
Time
Characteristics

Gathers new knowledge


or data from primary or
first hand sources
Characteristics

It is expert, systematic,
and accurate
investigation
Characteristics

It is logical and
objective
Characteristics

It is carefully
recorded and
reported
Characteristics

It is empirical and
analytical
Characteristics

Endeavors to
organize data
Characteristics

Cyclical
Characteristics

Replicable
Characteristics

Inductive
Research:
Scientific Processes
Processes

Review the
Literature
Processes

Determining the
problem
Processes

Forming a
hypothesis
Processes

Doing the library


search
Processes

Designing the
study
Processes

Developing the
instruments for
collecting data
Processes

Collecting the
data
Processes

Analyzing the
data
Processes
Determining the
implications and
conclusions from the
findings
Processes

Making
recommendations
Research:
Qualitative vs Quantitative

Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008).


Qualitative vs quantitative

Purpose
To understand To test
hypotheses, look
& interpret at cause & effect,
social & make
interactions. predictions.
Qualitative vs quantitative

Group studied
Smaller & not Larger &
randomly randomly
selected. selected.
Qualitative vs quantitative

variables
Study of the Specific
whole, not variables
variables. studied
Qualitative vs quantitative

Type of data
Words, Numbers
images, or and
objects. statistics.
Qualitative vs quantitative
Form of Data
Open- ended Data based on precise
responses, interviews, measurements using
participant structured & validated
observations, field data-collection
notes, & reflections. instruments.
Qualitative vs quantitative
Data Analysis
Identify Identify
patterns,
features,
statistical
themes. relationships.
Qualitative vs quantitative

Objectivity
Subjectivity Objectivity is
is expected. critical.
Qualitative vs quantitative
Scientific Method
The researcher The researcher
generates a new tests the
hypothesis and hypothesis and
theory from the theory with the
data collected. data.
Qualitative vs quantitative

Results
Particular or Generalizable
specialized findings that can
findings that is be applied to
less generalizable. other populations.
Qualitative vs quantitative

Focus
Examines the Tests a
breadth & specific
depth of
phenomena. hypotheses.
Qualitative vs quantitative

Final Report
Narrative report with
contextual description Statistical report with
correlations, comparisons
& direct quotations of means, & statistical
from research significance of findings.
participants.
Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008).
Research:
Kinds of Research
Processes
According to goal

Basic/Pure Research
Applied Research
Processes
METHODS / Levels /
APPROACH of investigation

Quantitative
Experimental, Non-Experimental,
Descriptive, Correlational, Survey, Ex Post
Facto, Comparative
Processes
METHODS / Levels /
APPROACH of investigation

Qualitative
Narrative, Ethnographic,
Phenomenological, Case Study, Grounded
End of Chapter 1

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