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Regression Analysis: Predict The Value of The Dependent Variable Given The Value of The Independent Variable

1. The data shows a positive correlation between temperature and sorbetes sales. Using the regression equation, sales are predicted to be approximately 2,100 units if temperature is 37°C. Sales are predicted to be around 1,300 units if temperature drops to 26°C. 2. The data shows a positive correlation between number of chapters and total pages of Harry Potter books. Using the regression equation, a book with 345 total pages is predicted to have around 25 chapters. A book with 33 chapters is estimated to have around 320 total pages. A 23-chapter book is predicted to have around 280 total pages.

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Alona Nay Calumpit Agcaoili
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128 views16 pages

Regression Analysis: Predict The Value of The Dependent Variable Given The Value of The Independent Variable

1. The data shows a positive correlation between temperature and sorbetes sales. Using the regression equation, sales are predicted to be approximately 2,100 units if temperature is 37°C. Sales are predicted to be around 1,300 units if temperature drops to 26°C. 2. The data shows a positive correlation between number of chapters and total pages of Harry Potter books. Using the regression equation, a book with 345 total pages is predicted to have around 25 chapters. A book with 33 chapters is estimated to have around 320 total pages. A 23-chapter book is predicted to have around 280 total pages.

Uploaded by

Alona Nay Calumpit Agcaoili
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REGRESSION

ANALYSIS

P R E DIC T TH E VA L UE O F TH E D E P END E NT VA RIA B L E G IVE N TH E


VA L UE O F THE IND EP E ND E NT VAR IAB L E
Background Information for Learners

Your learnings in calculating the slope and y-intercept of a regression


line will help you to get the regression equation in the form , where
is the slope of the regression line, is the y-intercept of the regression
line, x is the value of the independent variable and y′ is the predicted
value.
For example, if the computed value for the slope and y-intercept of a
regression line is 24.31 and 3.25 respectively then, the regression
equation will be y′ = 24.31x + 3.25.
Definition
Regression Analysis- the process of predicting
the value of a variable in terms of the others
variable.
Regression equation- it is the algebraic
expression of the regression line
Example
The data below shows the Number of Number of Missed
Absences Quizzes
number of absences and
number of missed quizzes of 6 1 1
students. If there is a significant 1 2
relationship between the two 2 2
variable, predict the number of 2 3
missed quizzes by a student 3 3
who was absent for 7 days. 4 5
STEPS
Step 1: Identify the dependent and Step 2: Compute the correlation coefficient r
independent variables. using the formula:

In the given data, the 𝑛Σ 𝑥𝑦 −(Σ 𝑥)(Σ 𝑦)


independent variable is the 𝑟=
number of absences while √[ 𝑛 Σ 𝑥 − ( Σ 𝑥 ) ] [𝑛 Σ 𝑦 − ( Σ 𝑦 ) ]
2 2 2 2

the dependent variable is


the number of missed
quizzes.
You need to find the value of ∑ , ∑ , ∑ , ∑ , ∑ and
substitute them in the formula.

Number of Absences Number of Missed Quizzes


1 1 1 1 1
1 2 1 4 2
2 2 4 4 4
2 3 4 9 6
3 3 9 9 9
4 5 16 25 20
ΣX=13 ΣY=16 Σ=35 Σ=52 ΣXY = 42
𝑛 Σ 𝑥𝑦 −( Σ 𝑥)( Σ 𝑦 )
𝑟=
√[ 𝑛 Σ 𝑥 2
−( Σ 𝑥 ) ][𝑛 Σ 𝑦 − ( Σ 𝑦 ) ]
2 2 2

6 (42 )− (13 )(16 )


𝑟=
√[ 6 (35 )− ( 13 ) ] [ 6 (52) − ( 16 )
2 2
]

𝒓 =𝟎 . 𝟗𝟏𝟖𝟑
-The computed r is 0.9183 indicating a very high positive correlation
STEP 3. Test the significance of r
using the formula:

√
In the given data,

𝒏−𝟐
𝒕=𝒓 𝟐
𝟏−𝒓
STEP 4. Compare the computed
t-value to the critical value.

Using df= n -2 = 6 -2= 4, α =0.05,


two-tailed test, you can find in the
t-table that the critical value of t is
2.77645.
STEP 5. Compute the values of and in the
regression equation y′ = x + using the
following formulas

𝑛 𝛴 𝑥𝑦 −(𝛴 𝑥)(𝛴 𝑦)
𝑏0 = 2
𝑛 𝛴 𝑥 −¿ ¿

𝛴 𝑦 −𝑏0 𝛴 𝑥
𝑏1=
𝑛
Using the values obtained in Step 2, we have
the following:

𝑛 𝛴 𝑥𝑦 −(𝛴 𝑥)(𝛴 𝑦) 𝛴 𝑦 − 𝑏0 𝛴 𝑥
𝑏0 = 2 𝑏1 =
𝑛 𝛴 𝑥 −¿ ¿ 𝑛
6( 42) −(13)(16) 16 − (1 . 0732)(13 )
𝑏0 = 𝑏1=
6(35) −¿ ¿ 6

𝒃𝟎 =𝟏 .𝟎𝟕𝟑𝟐 𝒃𝟏 =𝟎 . 𝟑𝟒𝟏𝟒
STEP 6. Form the regression equation.

Substitute the computed values of slope and y-intercept in the


regression equation.
’
𝑦 =𝑏0 𝑥 +𝑏1
’
𝑦 =1 . 0732 𝑥+0 . 3414
STEP 7. Predict the number of missed quizzes
by a student who was absent for 7 days.
Find the value of y when x is 7 in the regression equation.
’ Therefore, the predicted
𝑦 =1 . 0732 𝑥+0 . 3414 number of missed quizzes
’ of a student who was
𝑦 =1 . 0732(7)+0 . 3414 absent for 7 days is
approximately 8 quizzes.
’
𝒚 =𝟕.𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟖 Remember that this is just
a predicted value based on
the given data.
Exercise 1
Directions: Given the regression line equation, find the value of
the other variable that is being asked.
1. y′ = 1.32𝑥 + 3.5
a. What is the value of y if x = 4? b. What is the value of y if x = 5?

2. y′ = 4.11𝑥 + 5.62
a. What is the value of y if x = 10? b. What is the value of y if x = 16?
Exercise 2:
Directions: Read and analyze the problem. Your task is to answer the questions
posted after each item
1. A sorbetes vendor observed that whenever the temperature was high, his sales also increased.
He recorded the data so that he could predict his future sales. This data areshown in the table.

Temperature in ℃(x) Sorbetes Sales in Php (y) a. Predict the sales of the sorbetes
33 1300 vendor on the day that the
36 1540
temperature is 37℃.
38 1890
40 2300
b. How many sales does he have if
35 1600 the temperature drops to 26℃?
30 1150 c. Estimate the amount of sales if
28 980 the temperature is 37℃?
2. The table below shows the titles, number of
chapters and the total number of pages of
Harry Potter books.

a. Use this data to predict how many chapters the author could make if the book had
345 pages.
b. Based on the data, estimate the number of pages of a Harry Potter book with 33
chapters.
c. Predict how many pages are there in a 23-chapter book.

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