03 The Internet and the Electronic mail

wka;¾cd,h yd úoHq;a ;emE,

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 Internet wka;¾cd,h

• The Internet is a computer network made up of

thousands of networks Worldwide.

• wka;¾cd,h hkq f,dj mqrd msysá mß.Kl cd,j, tl;=jls‘

• HTTP is the protocol that used to transmit

•‘ information among the computers in the Internet.

• f;dr;=re wka;¾cd,fha we;s mß.Kl w;r yqjudre lsÍug HTTP

(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) kï jQ kshudj,sh fhdod .efka

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• The Internet does not possess a single owner

• wka;¾cd,hg ;ks ysñlrejl= fkdue;

• A non profitable organization called "The Internet

Society" is in charge of the ethics and principles related to
the use of the Internet and the protocols which maintain
Internet operations.

• tfy;a wka;¾cd, iudch ^The Internet Society& kï jQ wdodhï

fkd,nk ixúOdkhla u.ska wka;¾cd,h Ndú;h ms<sn| m%;sm;a;s o
wka;¾cd,fha l%shdldß;ajh mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk kshudj,s
^Protocol& ms<sn| j o lghq;= lrhs'

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 Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlhl

URL helps identify resources available in the

web sites uniquely.
fjí wvú ;=< mj;sk úúO iïm;a wkkH j y÷kd .ekSug fhdod .kakd l
%uh jkafka taldldr iïm;a ksYapdhlh fõ'

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 IP(Internet Protocol) address IP ,smsk

• IP addresses are used to individually identify all the

Computers in the Internet.

• wka;¾cd,fha we;s iEu mß.Klhla u wkkH j y÷kd .ekSug IP (Internet Protocol)

,smsk Ndú; flf¾‘

• The IP addresses are represented as four decimal

umbers between 0 and 255 separated by dots. This is
referred to as Dotted Decimal Notation.

• IP ,smskh oYu ;sf;ka fjka lrk ,o 0 isg 255 olajd jQ w.hka y;rla u.ska olajhs
(Dotted Decimal Notation)

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• These IP addresses are assigned by an Internet Service Provider
(ISP)

• IP ,smsk ,nd fokq ,nkafka wka;¾cd, fiajd imhkakl= ^Internet

Service Provider-ISP& úisks'
• An
• Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company and it provides
acceess to Internet.

• —wka;¾cd, fiajd imhkakd˜ hkq fjf<| iud.ula jk w;r tu.ska wka;¾cd, yd

úoHq;a ;eme,a myiqlï imhd fohs'

• The ISP charges a fee for the service.

• fï i|yd tu iud.u úiska wod< f.ùï wh lrkq ,efí‘

WodyrK 192'163'5'42
255'255'255'0

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 jiï kduh (Domain name)

Domain name gives an identity to all the websites which exist

in the Internet.

wka;¾cd,h ;=< mj;sk iEu fjí wvúhl u wkkH;dj jiï kduh u.ska ,nd fohs'

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SANJEEWANI DISSANAYAKE
 How the Internet work
wka;¾cd,fha fufyhqu isÿ jk wdldrh
• DNS i¾jrh u.ska URL ys
oelafjk kug wod< IP ,smskhg
mrsjra;kh lrhs

• IP ,smskh we;s fjí i¾jrhg

b,a,Su fhduq lrhs

• fjí fiajdodhlhd u.ska HTML

fjí msgqj oraYkh lrhs

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 kshudj,s ^Protocol&
kshudj,shla hkq mß.Kl cd, ;=< l%shd;aul kS;s moaO;shls'

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 f,dal jHdma; úhuk ^World Wide Web - WWW&
• World Wide Web is a service provided by the Internet and it
is a large collection of electronic documents saved in
computers all around the world connected to the internet.

• f,dal jHdma; úhuk hkq wka;¾cd,fhka imhk fiajdjla jk w;r wka;¾cd,hg

iuankaO f,dj mqrd we;s mrs.Klj, .nvd lr we;s jsoHq;a f,aLkj, jsYd, tl;=jls

• Sir Tim Berners Lee

is considered the
father of www.

• www ys ks¾ud;D f,i i¾

áï n¾k¾ia ,S ^Sir Tim
Berners Lee& i,lkq ,efí'

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 fjí w;ßlaiqjla ^Web Browser&
• A Web Browser is an application software.
• fjí w;ßlaiqjla hkq fhÿï uDÿldx.hla fõ‘
• To view the web pages, web browsers are used.
• fjí msgq o¾Ykh lsÍug fjí w;ßlaiq Ndú; flf¾'

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 fijqï hka;% (Search Engines&

• wka;¾cd, mßYS,lhkag myiqfjka wjYH ´kE u f;dr;=rla fidhd .ekSug fijqï hka;%
ksmojd we;'

• fijqï hka;%fha fijqï fldgqj ;=< fiùug wjYH f;dr;=re we;=<;a uQ,mo i|yka lr fijqï
fnd;a;u l%shd;aul l< úg wjYH f;dr;=re we;=<;a fjí wvú úYd, ixLHdjla wêikaOdk
iys; j ,efí'

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wka;¾cd,fha ld¾hhka

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 f.dkq yqjudre kshudj,sh (File Transfer Protocol - FTP)

• úYd, m%udKfha f.dkq úoHq;a ;eme,a m‚úv iu. weuqKqula f,i heúh
fkdyel‘

• tneúka úYd, m%udKfha f.dkq wka;¾cd,fha mß.Kl w;r yqjudre

lsÍu i|yd FTP Ndú; flf¾'

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 ¥ria: msúiqu ^Remote access)
wka;¾cd,fha we;s mß.Klhla ¥ria: j isg md,kh yd yeisrùu ¥ria:
msúiqu u.ska isÿflf¾

1' fiajdodhl mß.Klj, we;s uDÿldx. fiajd,dNS mß.Kl fj; ia:dmkh lsÍu
2' fiajd,dNS mß.Klj, we;s fodaI ksrdlrKh yd kshdukh

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 f.dkq fnod .ekSu ^File Sharing&
fiajdodhl mß.Klhl we;s iuam;a fiajd,dNS mrs.Kl iu. yjqf,a Ndú; lsÍu f.dkq
fnod .ekSu f,i ye¢kafõ'

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nyqudOH iemhqu (Streaming of media&

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 jiï kdu fiajdodhlh ^Domain Name Server&

• fjí wvúhla wkkH j y÷kd .ekSu i|yd jiï kduh Ndú; flfrhs'

• jiï kdu fiajdodhlh u.ska isÿ flfrkafka jiï kduh IP ,smskh njg mßj¾;kh lr
§uhs'

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 ikaksfõokh i|yd wka;¾cd,h Ndú;h
úoHq;a ;emE,
• mqoa.,hka fofofkl= fyda iuQyhla fyda w;r úoHq;a l%uhg ,sms yd ,sms f.dkq f,i
m‚jqv yqjudre lsÍu úoHq;a ;emE, u.ska isÿfõ'

• fï i|yd jeh jkafka wka;¾cd, .dia;=j mu‚'

• fuh f,dj we;s b;d ,dNodhS yd fõ.j;a u ikaksfõok l%uhhs'

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úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smshla heùu

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² To hk ia:dkfha ,nkakdf.a úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh i|yka lrkak

² Cc(Carbon copy) hk ia:dkfha fuu úoHq;a ;eme,a m‚úvfha msgm;a heúh

hq;= whf.a úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh i|yka lrkak'

² Bcc (Blind carbon copy) fuu úoHq;a ,smsh ,efnk To iy Cc hgf;a i|yka
whg fkdoefkk f,i heúh hq;= whf.a úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh Bcc hk ia:dkfha
i|yka lrkak'
82 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu msKsihs
² Bcc msgm; ,nkakdg fuu úoHq;a ,smsh hjk ,o ish¨
fokdf.a u úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smsk o¾Ykh fõ'

² To iy Cc hgf;a i|yka whg com iy [email protected]) Bcc msgm; ,o whf.a

úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smskh o¾Ykh fkdfõ‘

² Subject hk ia:dkfha úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smshg wod< ud;Dldj fyda wod< úIh fyda
i|yka lrkak'

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² Attachment weuqKqï lgqjla olajk ia:dkh u; la,sla lr úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smsh
iu. heúh hq;= fjk;a úoHq;a f.dkqjla fyda f.dkq fyda iïnkaO lrkak

² Send hk ia:dkh u; la,sla lr úoHq;a ;eme,a ,smsh hjkak

úoHq;a ;eme,a .sKqula ;=< Ndú;fha myiqj i|yd my; mßÈ ,sms j¾. lr we;‘

² Inbox - ,efnk ,sms ;ekam;a lsÍug

² Drafts - heùug ilia l< kuq;a iïmQ¾K lr .; fkdyels jQ ,sms ;ekam;a

lsÍug

² Sent - hjk ,o ,sms ;ekam;a lsÍug

² Trash/Deleted - uldouk ,o ,sms hï ld,hla r|jd ;nd .ekSug

² Spam/Junk - wdhdÑ; ^wkjYH& ,sms r|jd .ekSug

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 laI‚l m‚úv heùu (Instant Messaging - IM)

wka;¾cd,h yryd fofokl= w;r fm!oa.,sl j ir, flá mdG fhdod .ksñka
iefKlska woyia yqjudre lr .ekSu laI‚l m‚úv heùu u.ska isÿ fõ'

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 ùäfhda iïuka;%K (Vedio conferencing)
ùäfhda iïuka;%Khla hkq ÿria ia:dkj, isák fofofkla fyda jeä msßila fyda w;r Y
%jH yd oDYH o;a; iïfm%aIKh lrñka mß.Kl cd, weiqfrka ixjdohla meje;aùu
fõ'

ùäfhda iïuka;%Khla meje;aùu i|yd imqrd,sh hq;= wjYH;d

² mß.Kl
² fjí leurd
² wka;¾cd, iïnkaO;dj
² ikaksfõok uDÿldx. ^Zoom,Skype, GoToMeeting, Webex&
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 iudÔh cd,

iudÔh cd, hkq mqoa.,hka wka;¾cd,h Tiafia iudc in|;d mj;ajdf.k hEfï l
%ufõohls'

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 j,dl=¿ mß.Kl ixl,amh (Cloud Computing)
fm!oa.,sl mß.Kl " mß.Kl cd, iy cx.u fuj,ï ^mobile devices& ish,a, /yeka rys; wka;¾cd,
iïnkaO;d Tiafia taldnoaO j wjYH ´kE u fudfyd;l" ´kE u ;ekl isg f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug
yd ;ekam;a lsÍug myiqlï i,ik l%uh j,dl=¿ mß.Kl ixl,amh f,i ye¢kafõ'

j,dl=¿ mß.Klh u.ska bgq flfrk m%Odk fiajd

 há;, myiqlï fiajdjla f,i ^Infrastructure as a Service)-IaaS

mß.Klj, w;:H mßirhla f.dvk.d fiajdodhl mß.Klj,

iydh ;=<ska o;a; .nvd lsÍu iy tajd Ndjs; lsrSfua myiqlu ,nd oSu

Wod OneDrive , Drop Box , Google Drive

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 ixj¾Ok mßir fiajdjla f,i ^Platform as a Service) -Paas

uDÿldx. ixj¾Okh iy uDÿldx. Odjkh i|yd wjYH mßirhla ,nd §u

Wod Operating system , Web server , Compilers

uDÿldx. fiajdjla f,i (Software as a Service)-SaaS

fiajd,dNshdg wjYH fhÿï uDÿldx. ia:dmkh fkdlr j,dl=< fkdfyd;a

wka;¾cd,h ;=< ia:dmkh lr we;s uDÿldx. Ndú; lsÍug myiqlï i,ihs‘

Wod Android Wml%uj, Ndú; jk joka ieliSfï uDÿldx." úoHq;a me;=reï

uDÿldx. wdÈh

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j<dl=¿ mß.Kl Ndú;fha jdis wjdis

o uDÿldx. i|yd hk úhou wvqùu

jdis o ld¾h idOkh jeä ÈhqKq ùu
o kv;a;= .eg¨ wju ùu
o uDÿldx. laI‚l j hdj;ald,Sk lsÍï

o fkdlvjd mj;sk wka;¾cd, myiqlï

wjdis wjYH ùu
o wvq fõ. iïnkaO;d j,§ l%shdldß;ajh
wvqùu

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THANK YOU….!

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