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Chapter 2.2 4pic16f877 Instruction Set Programming

The document discusses the instruction set of the PIC16F877A microcontroller. It explains that the instruction set includes 35 single-cycle instructions that the PIC understands to communicate with humans. The instruction set can be classified by operation type, such as data transfer, arithmetic/logic, data movement, and program/processor control. Examples of instructions are provided like MOVLW, ADDLW, BTFSC, GOTO, and SLEEP.

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99 views39 pages

Chapter 2.2 4pic16f877 Instruction Set Programming

The document discusses the instruction set of the PIC16F877A microcontroller. It explains that the instruction set includes 35 single-cycle instructions that the PIC understands to communicate with humans. The instruction set can be classified by operation type, such as data transfer, arithmetic/logic, data movement, and program/processor control. Examples of instructions are provided like MOVLW, ADDLW, BTFSC, GOTO, and SLEEP.

Uploaded by

Eyob eyasu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Electrical and computer Engineering

College of Engineering and Technology


Jimma University

PIC16F877A INSTRUCTION
SET AND ASSEMBLY
PROGRAMMING
OBJECTIVES
 For better understanding of the
PIC16f877a architecture
 To study the instruction set of this
PIC microcontrollers
HARVARD VSS VON NEUMANN
ARCHITECTURE
HARVARD ARCHITECTURE IN
THE PIC MICROCONTROLLERS
MICROCONTROLLERS VSS
MICROCONTROLLERS
PIC16F877A BLOCK DIAGRAM
PIC16F877 CORE FEATURES
 High-performance RISC CPU
 Only 35 single word instructions to learn
 All single cycle instructions except for
program branches which are two cycle
 Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input DC
- 200 ns instruction cycle
 Up to 8K x 14 bit of FLASH Program Memory
 Up to 368 x 8 bit of Data Memory (RAM)
 Up to 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM data memory
PIC16F877 CORE FEATURE
(CONTI…)
 Interrupt capability (up to 14 sources)
 Eight level deep hardware stack
 Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes
 Power-on Reset (POR)
 Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up
Timer (OST)
 Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
 Power saving SLEEP mode
 Selectable oscillator options
 Low-power, high-speed CMOS FLASH/EEPROM
technology
WHAT IS INSTRUCTION SET
 The language that human and
microcontrollers speak to
communicate to each other
 It is the language through which
human tell microcontroller what to
do
 There are only 35 instruction set to
learn in PIC microcontroller family
INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION
CONVENTION
 f -------involvement of file register in the
instruction
 W ------ >> working register
 b ------ bit operation indecator
 k(l) ------- >> literal (constant operand)
 d ------ result destination indicator
  ------ direction of assignment indicator
 <> ---- position of bit indecator
IMPORTANT SPECIAL FUNCTION
REGISTER
 W register
 Almost all instruction go through the working
registers
 Status register
 Port registers
 Port content register (e.g.. PORTA register)
 Port direction indication register (TRISA register)
TYPES OF INSTRUCTION SET
 We can classify instruction set
The type of operand on which they work
on
 i.e. bit or byte, literal number or control oriented
type
Based on type of operation
 Arithmetic and logic operation
 Data movement operation
 Program control operation
 Processor hardware control operation
FORMAT FOR THE INSTRUCTION
SET
DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS
ARITHMETIC/LOGIC OPERATION
 Addition
 Subtraction
 Incrementing
 Decrementing
 Clearing
 Bit setting and resetting
 Bitwise AND
 Bitwise OR
 Bitwise XOR
 Bitwise complement
 Rotating
DATA MOVEMENT OPERATION
 MOVLW k
 Move literal to W
 MOVFf, d
 Move f
 MOVWF f
 move w to f
PROGRAM EXECUTION
CONTROL INSTRUCTION
 goto
 return
 call
 RETFIE
 Return from interrupt
 RETLW k
 Return with literal in W
 BTFSC f, b
 Bit Test f, Skip if Clear
 BTFSS f, b
 Bit Test f, Skip if Set
PROCESSOR HARDWARE
CONTROL
 SLEEP
 Go into standby mode
 CLRWDT
 Clear Watchdog Timer
BIT ORIENTED INSTRUCTION SET
 BCF

 Example
BIT ORIENTED INSTRUCTION SET
(CONTI…)
 BTFSC

Example
ARITHMETIC OPERATION
 ADDLW
ARITHMETIC OPERATION
(CONT…)
 ADDWF
ARITHMETIC OPERATION
(CONT…)
 SUBLW

 Example
LOGICAL OPERATION
 ANDLW
LOGICAL OPERATION (CONTI…)
 BCF

 Example
LOGICAL OPERATION (CONTI…)
 IORWF

 Example
PROGRAM CONTROL
INSTRUCTION
 BTFSC

 Example
PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTION
 GOTO

 Example
PROCESSOR CONTROL INSTRUCTION
 CLRWDT
PROCESSOR CONTROL INSTRUCTION
(CONTI…)
 SLEEP
SUMMARY
 Instruction set is the language that the PIC
understand
 There are only 35 instruction set in the PIC
microcontrollers
 The instruction set can be categorized based
either on the operation type of the opcode or
the size or the types of the operand

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