SOLAR AND PIEZO ELECTRIC HYBRID

POWER CHARGING SYSTEM

18LF25 - PROJECT PHASE - III

PROJECT MEMBER(S):
18L220 - KISHORREKUMAAR S
19L601 - PRAVIN SUNDHAR K

PROJECT MENTOR:
MR.G.ARUNFRANCIS ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / ECE

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 ABSTRACT OF THE PROJECT
In recent years we are facing the power cut problems, increasing demand of electricity, due
to the development of industrial automation that requires huge power. To overcome this
demand we can use the renewable sources of energy. In such case, Sun has been providing
heat and light to the habitants of earth from centuries and its intensity is all the same.
Photovoltaic cells can be used to collect the rays of sun and then to transform them into
electricity. The method is although expensive but it is a onetime investment that can support
life for decades. Solar electricity is a renewable source of energy that has been with use since
the onset of life. Solar energy is captured through the solar panels and then it is
converted to solar electricity using Photovoltaic (PV) technology. In addition to this
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting is also done by using piezoelectric effect. In this paper,
piezoelectric-based energy harvesting technology is applied to generate electricity from
mechanical stress (vibrations). Using piezoelectric material to harvest vibration energy from
humans walking, machinery vibrating, or cars moving on a roadway is an area of great
interest, because this vibration energy is otherwise untapped. Since movement is
everywhere, the ability to capture this energy cheaply would be a significant
advancement toward greater efficiency and cleaner energy production. This paper
implements an efficient way to electrify or generate electricity using solar power and
piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit and store it in a battery. This electricity is used to
charge the electric vehicles in one spot and all the electronic gadgets in another spot.

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 INTRODUCTION
With increasing concern of global warming and the depletion of fossil fuel
reserves, many are looking at sustainable energy solution to preserve the earth for
the future generations. Other than hydro power, vibration and photovoltaic
energy holds the most potential to meet our energy demands. The vibration
energy is capable of providing large amounts of power but its presence is highly
uncertain as it can be here one moment and gone in another. Similarly, solar
energy is present throughout the day but the solar irradiation levels vary due to
sun intensity and unpredictable shadows cast by clouds, birds, trees, etc. The
common inherent drawbacks of vibration and photovoltaic systems are their
intermittent natures that make them unreliable.
However, by combining these two intermittent sources and incorporating
maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, the system’s power transfer
efficiency and reliability can be improved significantly.

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

ARDUINO
UNO

DC
Motor

Figure 5 Block Diagram

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 ATmega328P Microcontroller
 LCD
 SOLAR PANEL
 BATTERY
 Resistors
 Capacitors
 Push Button
 Crystal Oscillator
 Cables & Connectors
 Diodes
 PCB
 LED’s
 Transformer/Adapter
DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,
COIMBATORE - 641032
 SIMULATION SCREENSHOTS
Interfacing LDR Sensor with ARDUINO:
LDR (light dependent resistor) also called photo resistors are responsive to light. Photo resistors are
used to indicate the intensity or the presence or the absence of light. When there is darkness the
resistance of photo resistor increases and when there is sufficient light it dramatically decreases. Here
this light intensity is used to adjust the solar panel.

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 SIMULATION SCREENSHOTS
Interfacing Voltage Sensor with ARDUINO:
The Voltage Sensor Module is a simple but very useful module that uses a potential divider
to reduce an input voltage by a factor of 5. The 0-25V Voltage Sensor Module allows you to
use the analog input of a microcontroller to monitor voltages much higher than it is capable
of sensing.

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 SIMULATION SCREENSHOTS
Interfacing Servo Motor with ARDUINO:
Here we are controlling the position of servo motor using LDR (Light dependent resistor). As
we know that as the amount of light on LDR increases the resistance of LDR increases. Here
we are going to read that value using analog Read () operation and use as a variable for the
servo motor position. So as the amount of light on LDR increases the position of servo motor
increases (0-180).

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 WORK COMPLETED IN PHASE - 1

1. Connections of all the hardware components to the micro controller is

completed
2. Solar panel tracking is done efficiently according to the values of LDR sensors
3. Voltage generated through solar panel is stored in the battery
4. Battery voltage is monitored regularly using voltage sensor which is connected
to the micro controller and these voltage values are displayed using LCD
5. Charging spot for electric vehicles and electronic gadgets are done using the
stored charge

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 WORK PLANNED IN PHASE - 2

1. Piezoelectric circuit connection is yet to be added to the main project circuit

2. Monitoring the voltages produced through Piezoelectric effect is yet to be done
3. Storage of voltages produced by the above mentioned method should be
initiated
4. Verification of the stored charges for electric vehicles and electronic gadgets is
yet to be done

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 REFERENCES
1. Scott Meninger, Jose Oscar Mor-Miranda, Rajeevan Amirtharagah,anantha p. Chandrakasan, and
Jeffrey H.Lang, Fellow,“Vibration-to-electric energy conversion,” IEEE Transactions on Very
Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems( Volume: 9, Issue: 1, Feb. 2001)
2. N. A. Ahmed, M. Miyatake, and A. K. Al-Othman, “Power fluctuations suppression of stand-
alone hybrid generation combining solar photovoltaic and fuel cell systems,” in Proc. Of
EnergyConversion and Management, Vol. 49, pp. 2711-2719, October 2008.
3. T.Vignesh,G.Boopathiraj, “Load Fluctuation Suppression Based on Hybrid Generation
Combining Solar Photovoltaic /Wind Turbine and Fuel Cell Systems,”International
Conference on Emerging Engineering Trends and Science (ICEETS –2016)ISSN:2348 -8379
4. M.J. Shawon, L. A. Lamont, L. El Chaa , “Modeling and Power Management of a Remote
Stand Alone PV-Wind Hybrid System,”International Journal of Recent Development in Engineering
and Technology Website: www.ijrdet.com (ISSN 2347 -6435 (Online)Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2014
5. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and CBy Muhammad Ali
Mazidi,Sarmad Naimi

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 Bibliograpgy / Reference Links
ATMEGA 328 Pin Diagram - https://nevonexpress.com/Atmega-328P-AVR-Microcontroller-IC.php

PIEZOELECTRIC SENSOR-http://nevonexpress.com/Piezoelectric-Sensor-27mm-Piezo-Vibration-Sensor.php

 LED’-https://nevonexpress.com/Buy-LED-Displays-Online.php

SOLAR PANEL-https://nevonexpress.com/6W-Polycrystalline-Solar-Panel.php

Resistors - https://nevonexpress.com/Buy-Resistors-Online.php

Capacitors - https://nevonexpress.com/Buy-Capacitors-Online.php

Diodes - https://nevonexpress.com/Buy-Diodes-Online.php

Crystal Oscillator - https://nevonexpress.com/Buy-Crystal-Oscillator-Online.php

Cables & Connectors - https://nevonexpress.com/Cables-&-Connectors.php

PCB - https://nevonexpress.com/Buy-PCB-Breadboards-Online.php

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032
 THANK YOU

DEPARTMENT OF ECE , KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING ,

COIMBATORE - 641032