INFORMATION ORGANIZATION

METHODS

Name
Jesús Gutiérrez
 INTRODUCTION
 Inthis research work we will implement what is the analysis and the explanation within
what is communication and the process by which various documents are written, such
as stories, newspapers, interviews, reports, etc. In this document we will present some
information organizers, with the aim of interacting with each of them and using them at
the best appropriate time, some of the organizers that we will see within what is the
process and stages of communication are :

 1-Mind map
 2-Concept map

 3-Synoptic table

 4-Double entry box

 5-Comparative table

 6-Flow diagram

 7-Decision tree

Note: These are some of which will be included in our document and presentation, in
which we will make an analysis and explanation about the organizers of information.
 mental maps
What are the mental maps?
 Mind maps are graphic representations of topics or concepts that help people
organize information in a defined space. They help to establish connections
between ideas and topics of various kinds. They are a concrete visual tool that
can contain synthesized information in an efficient way.
Characteristics of mind maps
 It is ideal to write keywords, short phrases that synthesize information.
 They can establish a hierarchy in concepts or ideas. What is written first is the
above or general and is connected with secondary or contingent ideas.
 They have a central idea or axis topic from which all the remaining information
emerges; this title is written in the center.

Note: Mind maps are information organizers, which help us to have a better
distribution of ideas, in this case we have what is the mind map, which consists
of only providing main ideas using a very short phrase or sentence, the which is
identified through images, this mainly expresses an action or object through a
small keyword and finally with an image.
 An Example
Example: Within the following image we can see a mental map, which is
developed with keywords, in the same way it is with an image, generally
this type of map is handled through pure images, in some cases to
reinforce but what you want to interpret or signal, very short sentences are
used as keywords. Then in the following image we see how it is
interpreted with the help of some keywords and images.
 WHAT IS A CONCEPT MAP?

 Concept maps are schematics, graphical representations of several interconnected

ideas, which are made using two elements: concepts (or short, short sentences) and
unions or links. Concept maps are very useful tools for anyone who wants to study
or make presentations. Their usefulness is indisputable and they are, together with
the memo-technical rules, one of the most practical ways to internalize content.

Every concept map includes the following elements:

 Concepts. Concepts are mental images associated with specific terms, to denote a
specific idea. They are abstract but specific constructions, which have to do with the
most important points of the subject to be studied.
 Linking words. The linking words are those that allow us to unite various concepts
and indicate the type of relationship between them. They serve as bridges between
one and the other and mark the reading sequence of the conceptual map.
 Propositions. Propositions are verbal formulations of a certain idea, that is, the
relationship of a concept. This means that propositions are built from concepts and
linking words, like a sentence.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note: This information organizer, is one of the most used and
most common, it is a good way to organize information clearly
and precisely, this map itself is created by means of concept,
words and information relevant to a specific topic.
 WHAT IS A SYNOPTIC TABLE?

 A synoptic table is a graphic representation of ideas or concepts. You can make a

synoptic table on a specific topic that you want to analyze in a limited way, using
boxed keywords and connected by lines and connectors. Graphically it is like a
tree: it begins with an initial word from which several others emerge.
What is a synoptic table for?
 Synoptic tables are one of the most useful tools when studying or analyzing a
topic.
 They are used to add the most important information in a text or a topic and allow
information to be organized and arranged by establishing links or relationships
between the main concepts. This type of tool allows you to easily visualize
concepts in order to understand and memorize them simply and quickly.
Characteristics of a synoptic table
 Its name comes from the term "synopsis", which refers to the type of brief and
general summary of a certain thing or topic.
 It is a graphic representation that uses geometric figures in its design.
 From a general topic, the subtopics emerge.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note:For example, this map specializes in generating general and
main ideas, it is an organizer in which we can obtain great
information thanks to keywords that in this case are main or general
ideas, the following image shows how this map is composed, It
consists of several keys in which it shows the general and main
ideas, the general idea refers to the specific topic to be discussed,
the central ideas are those in which we can help ourselves to
continue generating information.
 WHAT IS A DOUBLE ENTRY BOX?

 A double-entry table or double-entry matrix is ​a table that helps organize

and match knowledge. They serve to be able to contrast several
elements referring to the same topic.
 Thanks to this system, certain information can be systematized in
horizontal and vertical columns. These columns are used to describe and
relate the information collected to the information that is to be illustrated
in the table.
 The number of columns in the table can vary; the important thing is that a
comparison between the different elements of the same can be
achieved.
 The double-entry box must have both columns and rows; this means that
the information must be diagrammed both horizontally and vertically. The
columns and rows must refer to a particular definition, this means that
they must symbolize some important piece of information such as an
idea or some concept.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note:On this occasion we have a very practical example that each of us is
currently living, we have a double entry box whose function is to make some
comparisons and talk about the same situation with but in a different way, for
example in the image it shows the small concept of what is distance and
online education, both define the concept but within which is the double
entry box, we can realize that you can play 2 topics at the same time and if
we can generate differences between them.
 WHAT IS INFOGRAPHICS

 Infographics is the discipline that deals with complex visual diagrams (called
infograms) whose purpose is to summarize or figuratively explain information or
texts, using more varied visual and even auditory means than the mere diagram
or diagram.
Characteristics of infographics
 Infographics is a technological tool that is characterized by providing information
mainly through graphics, which can be designs or images that help the reader to
understand and interpret, in a dynamic and instantaneous way, the message to
be transmitted.
Why are they so fashionable:
 Done well, they are a good communication tool: they will help you explain
yourself better.
 Increase traffic to your website, blog... etc. Infographics should always have a
link to your corporate website.
 As they are easy to share on social networks: they increase the visibility and
reach of the brands that sign them.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note: In this information organizer it is specified to answer questions, for
example this organizer is in charge of taking a general topic, after selecting it
gives us the essential steps, in this case they are questions, the questions
will be about the general topic, in the which will help us to know most of the
things through its stages that the infographics contain, these infographics
give us the steps to understand everything about the general topic, its
concept, types, objectives among others.
 WHAT IS A COMPARATION CHART
 The comparison chart is a strategy that allows identifying the similarities and
differences of two or more objects or facts. An important point is that, after
making the comparison table, it is convenient to state the conclusion that was
reached.
How it is performed?
 The elements to be compared are identified.
 The parameters to be compared are marked.
 The characteristics of each object or event are identified and written.
 Statements are stated where the similarities are mentioned and the most
relevant of the compared elements are differentiated.
What is it for?
 The comparison chart:
 1. It allows to develop the ability to compare, which is the basis for the issuance
of value judgment.
 2. Facilitate data processing, which precedes the ability to classify and
categorize information.
 3. Helps organize thinking.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note: This organizer is in charge of comparing all kinds of things, for
example in the following image it shows us the differences that exist
between different cultures, in this organizer it shows the differences of
each one such as architecture, sculpture and painting, on this occasion
Comparisons are made of the different cultures that exist within what
hair types of painting and sculptures that make within each one of
them.
 WHAT ARE FLOW CHARTS?
 A flow chart shows through visual information what the trajectory of a process is.
This diagram brings together the steps that make up the process represented by
this symbol. One of the advantages of using this diagram is that it allows you to
obtain a contextual vision, increasing the knowledge around a specific objective.
This flow chart is especially used in the business environment as an efficient way
to manage information through graphic content.

Types of flow chart

 Vertical format. The presentation of the order of steps of a process is structured

in this case through a map in which the data is presented visually from top to
bottom.
 Horizontal format. In this case, the sequence of steps is presented from right to
left.
 Panoramic flow diagram is one that allows to observe in a visual gesture all the
information related to the process thanks to the data structure in a vertical and
horizontal way.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note: In this type of organizer it is used for the creation of a program, it
can be arduino among others, this diagram has the beginning and end
part, in which you decide how you want to start and finally what you hope
to obtain, inside of the flowchart, there are several stages as conditions
that help us continue to continue and generate things to finally obtain a
result.
 WHAT IS A KEYWORD DIAGRAM?

 are clues in the text or short sentences. In a diagram, the ideas are
exposed in an orderly and systematic way allowing to show the
relationships between them.
 Keyword diagram should have the main characteristics:
 It must be in a systematic order.
 You should carry the keywords of a topic or project with you.
 It should be simple and easy to understand.
 The size of the diagram should not be too big or too small, a fair and
necessary size.
 The keyword diagram allows you to show the key words to be used
for a particular objective.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note: In this organizer we have a very clear example in which
several keywords are generated that help us understand a
situation or use one of the ideas to understand a specific topic,
within this organizer only very short phrases are used with which
we can identify any relevant situation or information.
 WHAT IS A DECISION TREE?

 A decision tree is a graphical and analytical way of representing all the events (events)
that can arise from a decision made at a certain time. They help us to make the “best”
decision, from a probabilistic point of view, in the face of a range of possible decisions.
 Steps to create a good decision tree
 Identify the variables of a central problem.
 List all the factors causing the problem or risk identified.
 You must prioritize and limit each decision criterion, for this you will cross out all those
factors that are not relevant to cause a problem to the company.
 Next, you will have to find and list the factors from highest to lowest importance.
 Then, you will begin to establish some clear variables. You will get some factors that
include strengths and weaknesses in your company.
 From each factor you will begin to generate assumptions in an objective way, taking out
ramifications of them.
 As you can see, you will have established several alternatives from which you also
have to select, the most relevant for your business.
 Likewise, you will implement the alternatives that are consistent with your possible
problems and risks.
 Finally, you will evaluate the effectiveness of the decision.
 WHAT IS A CAUSE AND EFECT DIAGRAM?

 A Cause and Effect diagram is the representation of various elements (causes)

of a system that can contribute to a problem (effect). It was developed in 1943
by Professor Kaoru Ishikawa in Tokyo. It is sometimes called the Ishikawa
Diagram or Fishbone Diagram because of its resemblance to the skeleton of a
fish. It is an effective tool for studying processes and situations, and for
developing a data collection plan.
When it's used?
 The Cause and Effect Diagram is used to identify the possible causes of a
specific problem. The graphical nature of the Diagram allows groups to organize
large amounts of information about the problem and determine exactly the
possible causes. Finally, the probability of identifying the main causes increases.
 HOW IS IT USED?

1. Identify the problem. The problem (the effect is usually in the form of a quality feature) is
something we want to improve or control.

2. The problem must be specific and concrete: non-compliance with installation appointments,
inaccurate amounts in billing, technical errors in supplier accounts, supplier errors. This will
cause the number of elements in the Diagram to be very high (see illustration).

3. Record the sentence that summarizes the problem. Write the problem identified on the far
right side of the paper and leave space for the rest of the Diagram to the left. Draw a box
around the phrase that identifies the problem (something that is sometimes referred to as
the head of the fish).

4. Draw and mark the main spines. The main spines represent the main input / resource
categories or causal factors. There are no rules about what categories or causes should be
used, but the most common used by teams are materials, methods, machines, people,
and / or the environment. Draw a box around each title. The title of a group for its Cause
and Effect Diagram may be different from traditional titles; This flexibility is appropriate and
you are invited to consider it.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note:This cause and effect diagram indicates the causes and solutions,
for example inside a manquiladora when there are failures in a machine,
looks for the possible causes that could have been had and a possible
solution to solve that problem, when we talk about effect within this
diagram It refers to the problem that can arise if they do not check that
machine as soon as possible, this can normally be used in any type of
situation within the school, work among others.
 WHAT IS A PIE DIAGRAM?

 A pie diagram is a circle divided into parts, where the area of ​each part is
proportional to the number of data in each category.
For what type of variable used?
 The pie chart is used to represent qualitative variables or categorical, preferably
nominal.
What is the pie diagram?
 Used to show the proportion corresponds to each category.

What must be taken into account to construct a graph of pie?

 The whole must be identified as well as its parts.

 Each element studied must belong to only one category.
 The proportions should be represented for each category of the variable.
 The sum of the proportions must not exceed 100%.
 It should be used to represent a maximum of 5 categories.
 AN EXAMPLE
Note:This type of diagram is used to classify several stages, for example we
can classify it in 4 parts, in this case we will talk about colors and the demands
that each one of them has, we will suppose that we carry out a survey to find
the most prominent and demanded color. By people, I mean the color that
most people prefer, this is responsible for classifying the values ​according to
the number of people or objects that selected that part. Below in the following
image shows the 4 categories which indicate who was the most prominent and
least prominent.
 CONCLUSION

 After analyzing and investigating, we came to the conclusion

of the importance of these information organizers, in the
same way it shows us the moment when they should be
used, thanks to some sites that we visit within the internet
we managed to know the functionality of some organizers of
information, all this is very important and in some day of our
lives we will put some of these organizers into practice, with
this we finalize our document, thanks to the effort and
dedication we managed to understand the function of each
one of them, in the same way we know when they should be
used and in what way.