Implementing Rules and Regulations

of RA 9514
“Fire Code of the Philippines
of 2008”
A continuous
and
unobstructed
route of exit
from one
point in a
building to a
public way
1. the exit
access
2. the exit;
and
3. the exit
discharge.
 Exit
Discharge
That portion of a means of egress that is separated
from all other spaces of a building or structure by
construction or equipment as required to provide a
protected way of travel to the exit discharge.
That portion of a means of egress that leads
to an exit.
That portion of a means of egress between the
termination of an exit and a public way.

Exit
Discharge
 Section 10.2.5.2
General Provisions
1. Doors
2. Stairs
3. Outside
Stairs
4. Horizontal Exits
5. Ramps
6. Exit passageways
7. Fire
escape
stairs
8. Ladders
Protective Enclosures
 Protective Enclosures
* three storeys or less – one (1) hour

* four or more storeys – two (2) hours

* any opening shall be protected by an

approved self-closing fire resistive door

* no exit enclosure shall be used for

other purposes

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Occupant Load

“Shall be determined by dividing

the floor area by the occupant
load factor assigned to that use”

GFA
______
OL =
OLF
“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
Means of Egress

TYPE OF OCCUPANCY OCCUPANT LOAD

FACTOR
(square meters per
person)
1. Assembly
a. concentrated use without fixed seats 0.65
b. less concentrated use 1.4
c. standing room or waiting space 0.28
2. Educational
a. net classroom area 1.9
b. net area of shops, laboratories and similar
vocational rooms 4.6
3. Health Care
a. sleeping departments 11.1
b. inpatient treatment departments 22.3
Means of Egress

TYPE OF OCCUPANCY OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR

(square meters per person)
4. Detention and Correctional 11.1

5. Residential 18.6

6. Mercantile
a. Street floor 2.8
b. Upper floors 5.6
7. Business 9.3
8. Industrial 9.3
9. Storage Maximum probable population
For purposes of determining the capacity of
the means of egress, determine the
Occupant Load of a four storey
educational building described as follows:

4th Floor – Multi-purpose Room – 750 sq.m.

3rd Floor – Classrooms - 750 sq.m.
2nd Floor – Classrooms - 750 sq.m.
1st Floor – Offices - 320 sq.m.
Classrooms - 430
sq.m.
Capacity of Means of Egress

Level Components
Stairways
and Ramps
Area (width per person)
(width per person)
mm in mm in
Board and Care 10 0.4 5 0.2

Health Care, Sprinklered 7.6 0.3 5 0.2

Health Care, Non Sprinklered 15 0.6 13 0.5

High Hazards 18 0.7 10 0.4

All Others 7.6 0.3 5 0.4

 The door leading to the
Stairway No. 1 of SOPI TRAINING
BUILDING is 900 mm. The clear
width of the stairway is 1200 mm
and the door to the level of exit
discharge is measured 1000 mm.
What is the capacity of the exit?
Exit Details (Section 10.2.8.2)
Table 11: CAPACITY FACTORS FOR THEATER TYPE SEATING
Clear width per seat served (in mm)
No. of Passageways,
seats Stairs Ramps, and
Doorways
Unlimited 7.6 AB 5.6C
* If riser exceed 178 mm:
A = 1 + (riser height – 178/125)
* If stair has no handrail within 760 mm”
B = 1.25
* If ramp is steeper than 1: 10 in slope used
upwards:
C = 1.10
An auditorium has 5000 seats. It is
not smoke protected. One stair is
1780 mm wide; riser height is 178
mm; handrails are positioned at
each side; an additional handrail
runs along the center of the aisle.
One ramp is 1120 mm wide and
rises with a slope of 1 in 12 to the
rear exit access door.
An auditorium has 5000 seats. It is
not smoke protected. One stair is
1780 mm wide; riser height is 190
mm; handrails are positioned at
each side; there is no handrail
along the center of the aisle. One
ramp is 1120 mm wide and rises
with a slope of 1in 9 to the rear
exit access door.
Not more than Not more than
114 mm 965 mm
 Minimum Width

Shall not be less than

915 mm except when
specifically provided
under Division 8 to
Division 17 of this
Chapter.
“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 The number of means of
egress from any balcony,
mezzanine, storey, or portion
thereof shall not be less than
two (2), except when
specifically permitted in
Division 8 through 17 of this
Chapter.

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
When the occupant load for any
storey or portion thereof is
more than five hundred (500)
but not more than one
thousand (1000), the means of
egress shall not be less than
three (3); in excess thereof,
the means of egress shall not
be less than four (4).
 Shall be remotely located from each other as
possible, determined as follows:

A. No Sprinkler:
one-half (1/2) of the length of the
maximum over-all diagonal dimension
of the building or area to be served,
measured in a straight line between the
nearest edge of the exit doors or exit
access doors.

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 B. With sprinkler
the minimum separation distance
between two exits or exit access
doors shall not be less than one-
third (1/3) the length of the
maximum overall diagonal
dimension of the building or area
to be served.

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Where exit enclosures are
provided and are interconnected
by not less than 1-hour fire
resistance-rated corridor, exit
separation shall be measured
along the line of travel within the
corridor
Interlocking
or scissor
stairs shall
be
considered
only as a
single exit
for new
buildings.
Means of egress shall be so
arranged that there are no dead-
end pockets, hallways, corridors,
passage ways or courts whose
depth exceeds the limits specified
in individual occupancies by
Divisions 8 through 17.
1. measured on the floor or other walking
surface along the center line of the natural
path of travel;
2. starting from the most remote point
subject to occupancy;
3. curving around any corner or construction
with a 30 cm clearance therefrom; and
4. curving around any corner or construction
with a thirty (30) centimeter clearance
therefrom
* Where measurement includes stairs, it shall be
taken in the place of the tread nosing.
In no case shall access to exit be
through a bathroom, bedroom, or
other room subject to locking, except
where the exit is required to serve
only the bedroom or other room
subject to locking, or adjoining rooms
constituting part of the same dwelling
or apartment used for single family
occupancy.
All exits shall terminate directly at
a public way or at an exit
discharge. Yards, courts, open
space or other portions of the exit
discharge shall be of required
width and size to provide all
occupants with a safe access to a
public way.
“FIRE SAFETY
Minimum headroom shall not be
less than 2 meters.
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 * min width – 71 cm clear width
* max width – 122 cm
* provision for re-entry mechanism
for four (4) or more storeys in height
(every 4 storey)

* NO RE – ENTRY
PROCEED TO _______ FLOOR
“FIRE SAFETY AND ________ FLOOR
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Table 2: DIMENSIONAL CRITERIA FOR NEW STAIRS

Dimensional Criteria
Feature
mm in
Minimum Width See Table 4
Maximum height of risers 180 7
Minimum height of risers 100 4
Minimum tread depth 280 11
Minimum headroom 2000 80

Maximum height between landings 3660 144

 Table 3: DIMENSIONAL CRITERIA FOR EXISTING STAIRS
Dimensional Criteria
Feature
mm in
Minimum width clear of all 915 36
obstructions, except projections
not more than 114 mm (4½ in) at or
below handrail height on each side
Maximum height of risers 205 8
Minimum tread depth 230 9
Minimum headroom 2000 80
Maximum height between landings 3660 144
 Table 4: NEW STAIR WIDTH

Total Cumulative Occupant Width

Load Assigned to the Stair mm in

<2000 persons 1120 44

>2000 persons 1420 56

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Smokeproof enclosures may be
by any of the following means:

 Natural Ventilation
 Mechanical Ventilation
 Stairway Pressurization

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Table 5: DIMENSIONAL CRITERIA FOR NEW RAMPS
Dimensional
Feature Criteria
mm in
Minimum width clear of all 1120 44
obstructions, except projections
not more than 4½ in. (114 mm) at
or below handrail height on each side

Maximum slope 1 in 12

Maximum cross slope 1 in 48

Maximum rise for a single ramp run 760 30
 PARTICULARS DIMENSIONS
Minimum widths 60 cm clear between rails
Minimum horizontal dimension any landing
60 cm
of platform
Maximum rise 23 cm
Minimum tread, exclusive of nosing 23 cm
Tread construction Solid, 13 mm diameter perforation permitted
Risers None
Maximum height between landings 3.66 m
Headroom, minimum 2.00 m

Door or casement windows 61 cm by 1.98 m or double hung

Access to escape
windows 76.20 cm by 91.44 cm clear

Level of access opening Not over 30.50 cm above floor; steps if higher
Discharge to ground Swinging stair section permitted
45 per unit* access by door; 20 if access by climbing over
Capacity number of persons
window rail
 * No ladder shall be used as a fire
escape except in single and two family
dwellings and residential apartments
of not more than 3 storey provided
that the height shall not exceed 9 m.

* For purposes of this subsection,

mezzanine floors shall be counted as
ordinary floor.

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 * Emergency lighting facilities shall be arranged
to maintain the specified degree of illumination
in the event of failure of the normal lighting for
a period of at least one and one half (1½) hour.

* All emergency lighting systems installed in

accordance with this section shall be properly
maintained.

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Every stairway, elevator shaft,
light and ventilation shaft, chute
and other opening between
storeys shall be enclosed or
protected to prevent the spread
of fire or smoke, except openings
of building protected by
automatic fire suppression
system.
“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 Exemption:
In any building with low or
ordinary hazard occupancy
protected with approved,
supervised sprinkler automatic fire
suppressions system, up to three
(3) communicating floor levels are
permitted without enclosure
protection between floors

“FIRE SAFETY
IS OUR MAIN
CONCERN”
 End of Presentation
Thank You!
ENGR ARIEL TAN MIRANDA, DFSE
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION
DEPUTY CHIEF FIRE SAFETY ENFORCEMENT BRANCH,ORD NCR
and Concurrent Chief Technical Staff Makati Central Fire Station
Technical Consultant on High Rise Building
Member:
Technical Working Group on Preparation of IRR (RA 9514-Fire Code)
Mobile Training Team Leader of RA 9514 and RA 9485
Technical Committee of Revision of Fire Safety Correction Sheets
Task Force Validation and Verification
AWARDED: MEDALYA NG KASANAYAN