Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
SDO—MARIVELES ANNEX
ALION ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
APITONG ST., ALION, MARIVELES, BATAAN 2105

Mathematics 4
Second Quarter Module 2
Writing Number as a Product of Its
EMMA E. RETUTA
Prime Factors
Master Teacher II
After doing this module, you are expected to learn
the following:::
1. write a given number as a product of its prime factors. (M4NS-IIb-
67)

2. find common factors, and greatest common factors (GCF of two

numbers using the following methods: listing, prime factorization, and
continuous division. (M4NS-IIc-68.1)

3. find common multiples and least common multiple (LCM) of two

numbers using the following methods: listing, prime factorization, and
continuous division. (M4NS-IIc-69.1)
 What I Know:
Choose the greatest common factor of the
following numbers inside the box.
A. 16 B. 7 C. 6 D. 13 E. 3 F. 8 G. 12 H. 9 I. 5 J.4

D _1. 39 and 26
___ ____6.J 44 and 12
I
____2. 25 and 35 G and 48
____7.12

A
____3. 16 and 32 ____8.B21 and 7

C
____4. 6 and 60 ____9.H21 and 81

E
____5. 72 and 57 F 48 and 40
____10.
 What I Know:
Match Column A and Column B. Choose the least common
multiples of the following numbers.
D
_____1. 16 and 11 A. 500
1.C
_____2. 15 and 3 B. 80
B
_____3. 10 and 16 C. 15
A
_____4. 5 and 50 D. 176

F
_____5. 4 and 44 E. 88
E
_____6. 8 and 44 F. 44
J
_____7. 12 and 28 G. 33
I
_____8. 9 and 10 H. 36
H
_____9. 18 and 12 I. 90
G
_____10. 3 and 11
 Writing a Given Number as a
Lesson Product of Its PrimeFactors
1 and Finding Common
Factors and the Greatest
Common Factors (GCF)
The greatest common factor (GCF) of a set
of numbers is the largest or the biggest
factor that all the numbers share and
divides evenly into both numbers.
 What’s In
Find pairs of factors for each number.

1. 12 = 1_________________________
x 12: 2 x 6; 3X4 6. 16 = 1
_______________
x 16: 2 x 8; 4 x 4

1 x 36; 2 x 18; 3 x 12; 4 x 9; 6 x 6

2. 36 = ______________________________ 1 x 21; 3 x 7
7. 21 = _________________
1 x 23 1 x 64: 2 x 32; 4 x 16 ;8 x 8
3. 23 = ________________________ 8. 64 = ________________________

1 x 8; 2 x 4
4. 8 = _________________________ 9. 15 = 1____________
x 9; 3 x 5

5. 30 = 1_____________________________
x 30: 2 x 15; 3 X 10; 4x 15;5x 6 10. 20 = 1__________________
x 20: 2 x 10; 4 x 5
 What’s New

Read the following.

Kaileena helps her mother maintain their flower garden. They have 48 sunflowers
And roses. They plan to separate them in different plant boxes. They want to use
all those flowers and put the same number in each plant box.
What is the biggest number of sunflower and roses that can be placed in
plant boxes if these are of the same number? Discover how many possible
plant boxes Kaileena and her mother can have in their garden. Make
sure that both types of flowers are found in each box.
 What is It
To find the biggest number of sunflower and roses
that can be placed in plant boxes with the same
number of flowers, you need to find the greatest
common factor (GCF) of 48 and 60.

The greatest of the common factors of two or more

numbers is called Greatest Common Factors (GCF)
of the numbers.
There are three methods that can be used to find the
Common factors and the GCF of two numbers.
 There are three methods that can be used to find the Common
factors and the GCF of two numbers.

1.Listing Method . List all the factors of 48 and 60. First, find
the factors of 48 and 60.
48 = 1x48; 2x24; 3x16; 4x12; 6x8; 60= 1x60; 2x30; 3x20; 4x15; 5x12;
6x10
The factors of 48 are 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,16,24 and 48
The factors of 60 are 1,2,3,4,5,6,10,12,15,20,30 and 60
Common Factors : 1,2,3,4,6 and 12
Greatest Common Factor : 12
2. Prime Factorization Method. It is the process of writing
a number as a product of its prime factors using factor tree.

48 60

2 x 24 2 X 30
2 x 12
2 X 15
3x4 3x5

2x2
 Prime Factors of 48 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
Prime Factors of 60 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5
Common Prime Factors ; 2 x 2 x 3
The GCF of 48 and 60 is 2 x 2 x 3 = 12
Therefore, the GCF is 12

3. Continuous Division Method. Divide continuously until we get

the prime number.
Divide both numbers by the smallest prime numbers. Repeat the process
until you reach the prime numbers at the bottom.

2 48 2 60
Common Factors : 2 x 2 x 3
2 30 The GCF of 48 and 60 is 2 x 2 x 3 = 12
2 24
Therefore, the GCF is 12
3 12 3 15

4 5 Prime Numbers
 Another Example: 32 and 42
2 48
2 32 2 24
2 16
2 12
2 8 2 6

2 4 3 Prime Numbers

2
Common Factors : 2 x 2x 2x 2
The GCF of 32 and 42 is 2 x 2 x2 x 2 = 16
Therefore, the GCF is 16
 What’s More
I.IFind the factors of each number, use the listing method. Then find the
Common Factors (CF) and the Greatest Common Factors (GCF). t
1. 12 and 21 3. 15 and 25
3x5
2 x 2 x3
factors of 12 = ____________ factors of 15 = ____________
3x7
factors of 21 = ____________ 5x5
factors of 25 = ____________
CF : ____________
3 5
CF : ____________
GCF : __________
3 5
GCF : __________

2. 16 and 32 4. 35 and 40
2x2x2x2 5x7
factors of 35 = ____________
factors of 18 = ____________
2 x 2 x2 x 2 x2
factors of 32 = ____________ 2x2x2x5
factors of 40 = ____________
2x2x2x2
CF : ____________ 5
CF : ____________
16
GCF : __________ 5
GCF : __________
 What’s More
I. Find the factors of each number, use the listing method. Then find
the Common Factors (CF) and the Greatest Common Factors (GCF). t

5. 24 and 60 7. 32 and 40
2x2x2x2x2
factors of 32= ____________
2x2x3
factors of 24 = ____________
2x2x3x5 2x2x2x5
factors of 40 = ____________
factors of 60 = ____________
2x2x2
CF : ____________
2x2x3
CF : ____________
12
GCF : __________ 8
GCF : __________

6. 28 and 42
2x2x7 8. 9 and 15
factors of 28 = ____________ 3x3
2x3x7 factors of 9 = ____________
factors of 42 = ____________ 3x5
factors of 15 = ____________
2x7
CF : ____________ 3
CF := ____________
14
GCF : __________
3
GCF = _________________ :
__________
3
 What’s More
I. Find the factors of each number, use the listing method. Then find
the Common Factors (CF) and the Greatest Common Factors (GCF). t

9. 20 and 30
2x2x5
factors of 20 = ____________
2x3x5
factors of 30 = ____________
2 x5
CF : ____________
10
GCF : __________

10. 24 and 12
2x2x2x3
factors of 24 = ____________
2x2x3
factors of 12 = ____________
2x2x3
CF : = ___________
= 12
GCF : __________
 II. Write the number as a product of its prime factor. Use prime
factorization. Then, find the Common Factors (CF) and the
Greatest Common Factors (GCF). The first one is done for you.
1. 30 and 15 2. 20 and 45
30 15 20 45

2 X 10 3 X 15
2 x 15 3X5
2X5 3X5
3x5

2x2x5
Prime Factors of 20 = ________
Prime Factors of 30 = 2 x 3 x 5 Prime Factors of 45 = __________
3x3x5
Prime Factors of 15 = 3 x 5 5
Common Factors : =___________
Common Factors : 3 x 5 5
GCF : _________________________
GCF : 15
 II. Write the number as a product of its prime factor. Use prime
factorization. Then, find the Common Factors (CF) and the
Greatest Common Factors (GCF). The first one is done for you.
3. 16 and 20
4. 14 and 12
16 20
14 12
2X8 2 X 10
2X7 2X6
2X4 2X5
2X3
2X2
Prime Factors of 14 = ________
2x7
Prime Factors of 16 = 2________
x2x2x2 Prime Factors of 12 = __________
2x2x3
Prime Factors of 20 = __________
2x2x5 Common Factors : =__________
2
Common Factors : =______2x2 GCF : =________________________
2
4
GCF : =________________________
 III. Find the GCF using Prime Factorization.

1. 12 and 18
12 18

2X6 2X9
2X3 3X3

PF of 12 = 2 x 2 x 3
PF of 18 = 2 x 3 x 3
CF = 2 X 3
GCF = 6
 III. Find the GCF using Continuous Division.
12 and 18

2 12 18
2 6 9 3 3 9

3 1 3
1

PF of 12 = 2 x 2 x 3
PF of 18 = 2 x 3 x 3
CF = 2 x 3
GCF = 6
 What I Have Learned
Fill in the blanks. Write the correct word or words to complete each
sentence.

1. _____ is the process of writing a number as a product of its

prime factors.
Prime Factorization
2. The factor that is common to two numbers i ___________
Common Factor
3. _______ is the biggest factor common to two numbers.
GCF- Greatest Common Factor
4. The methods in finding the GCF of 2 numbers are by;
___________, _______________ and __________________.
Listing Method, Prime Factorization , Continous Division
 What I Can Do
Read the following word problems then solve for the answer.

1. Jed earned 85 pesos from selling roses while Jersel earned 60

pesos from selling sunflowers. In case all items cost the same, what
would be the greatest possible cost per item?
5 pesos
2. Andrea has 16 cookies and 30 candies. What is the largest
number of children to whom she can share those cookies and
candies equally?
2 children
3. Yuri has 48 toy cars and 64 toy robots to be packed in plastic
containers for his friends. He wants to divide the toys into same
boxes so that each box has the same number for each kind of toys.
If he wants each box to have the greatest number of toys possible,
how many boxes does he need?
16 boxes
 What I Can Do
Read the following word problems then solve for the answer.

4. The Grade 4 – Sampaguita class has 24 boys and 32 girls. Their

class adviser plans to arrange the pupils in equal rows, wherein only
girls or boys will be seated in each row. What is the greatest number
of pupils that could be in each row?
8 pupils
5. Jay has 9 apples and 18 oranges. He wants to pack all these fruits
with the same number in a plastic, what is the greatest number of
plastics with fruits Jay can produce?
9 plastics
 Assessment
A. Write each number as a product of its prime factors using
the factor tree.
1. 28 = _______________
2. 40 = _______________
3. 42 = _______________
4. 27 = _______________
5. 9 = _______________
B. Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of the given number
pairs using any method.
1. 16 and 24 _____________
2. 20 and 30 _____________
3. 21 and 35 _____________
4. 32 and 40 _____________
5. 12 and 24 _____________
 Assessment
Lesson 1 : Answer Key
A.
1.28 = 2 x 2 x 7
2. 40 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 5
3. 42 = 2 x3 x 7
4. 27 = 3 x 9
5. 9 = 3 x 3
B.
1. 8
2. 10
3. 7
4. 8
5. 12
 Additional Activities
(Assignments)
A. Write each number as a product of its prime factors using
the factor tree.
1. 12
2. 33
3. 20
4. 48
5. 16

B. Answer the following questions.

6. What is the GCF of 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 and 2 x 3 x 3 x 5
7. What is the GCF of 120 and 160?
 Additional Activities
C. Read and solve the following word problems. Write
the answer on your answer sheet.

8.Jed and Jersel went fishing. Jed caught 20 fish and Jersel
caught 30 fish. In case they caught the same number of fish per
hour, what is the biggest number of fish each could catch per
hour?
 Lesson 2

FindingCommon Multiples
andLeast Common Multiple
(LCM)of Two Numbers
The least common multiple of two numbers is
the “smallest non-zero common number” which
is a multiple of both numbers. The smallest
positive number that is a multiple of two or more
numbers.
 What’s In
I. Write each number as a product of its prime factors.

6. 24 = 2x2x3

7. 9 = 3 x 3

8. 56 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 7

9. 30 = 2x3x5

10. 16 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
 What’s In
II. Complete the skip counting series.
1. 18, 21, ____, ___, 30
(24, 27)
2. 60, 66, ____, ___, 84
(72, 78)
3. 49, 56, ____, ___, 70
(56, 63)
4. 45, 54, ____, ___, 81
(63, 72)
5. 45, 60, ____, ___, 105
(75, 90)
 What’s New

Andrei loves to help people. He makes sure to prepare gift baskets

to his less fortunate neighbors which includes can goods and
biscuits. He buys the can goods in packages of six and buys the
biscuits in packages of eight. If he wants the same number of
canned goods and biscuits packed with no leftovers, what is the
smallest number of gift basket can he make?

What does the problem ask for?

How will you solve for the answer to the problem?
Can you think of ways to solve it?
 What is It
To solve the word problem, it requires finding least common
multiple of number.
Least Common Multiple or LCM is the smallest number that can be divided
evenly by two original numbers.
There are three methods to get the LCM or Least Common Multiples which are
the same methods used in finding the GCF or Greatest Common Factors.
1. Listing Method
In listing method, you can use skip counting or repeated addition.
List some multiples of two given numbers.
Multiples of 6 : 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30,36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96
Multiples of 8 : 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80, 88, 96, 104, 112, 120,
128
Write the Common Multiples of 3 and 8 : 24, 48, 72.
Choose the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 6 and 8 which is 24.
 What is It
2. Prime Factorization Method
It is the process of writing a number as a product of its
prime factors using factor tree. 6 8
2x3 2x4
2x2
a. Write the prime factorization. Circle the common factors.
6=2x3
8=2x2x2

b. Multiply all the factors to get the least common multiple. Use the
common factor only once.
2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24

The Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 6 and 8 is 24

 What is It
3. Continuous Division Method
Divide both numbers by the smallest prime numbers. Repeat
the process until you reach the prime numbers at the
bottom.
2 6 2 8
3 3 2 4
1 2 2
1

Remember, use only once the common factor.

LCM: 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24, therefore the LCM is 24
 What’s More
I. Find the common multiples and least common multiple (LCM) of each pair
of numbers. Some of the multiples are already given.

1. 2 ( 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20…)

4 ( 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40,…)
Common Multiples : ____________________
Least Common Multiple (LCM): __________

2. 6 ( 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, …)

8 ( 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80, …)
Common Multiples : ____________________
Least Common Multiple (LCM): __________

3. 5 ( 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50,…)

10 ( 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100,…)
Common Multiples : ____________________
Least Common Multiple (LCM): __________
 What’s More
4. 4 ( 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40,…)
6 ( 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, …)
Common Multiples : ____________________
Least Common Multiple (LCM): __________

5. 15 ( 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 145, 160,…)
30 ( 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, …)
Common Multiples : ____________________
Least Common Multiple (LCM): __________

6. 18 ( 0, 18, 36, 54, 72, 90, 108, 126, 144, …)

30 ( 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, …)
Common Multiples : ____________________
Least Common Multiple (LCM): __________
 What’s More
Answer Key :
I.
1. CM = 4, 8, 12, 16, 20
LCM = 4
2. CM = 24, 48
LCM = 24
3. CM = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50
LCM = 10
4. CM = 12, 24, 36, 48
LCM = 12
5. CM = 30, 60, 90, 120
LCM = 30
6. CM = 90
LCM = 90
 What’s More
II. Find the LCM of the each set of numbers. Choose the letter of the correct
answer.

1. 6 and 4 6. 6 and 12
A. 12 B. 6 C. 3 A. 6 B. 12 C. 18
2. 4 and 20 7. 9 AND 12
A. 3 B. 40 C. 8 A. 36 B. 48 C. 27
3. 15 and 9 8. 5 AND 10
A. 45 B. 15 C. 3 A. 5 B. 10 C. 15
4. 8 and 3 9. 8 AND 10
A. 24 B. 48 C. 72 A. 40 B. 80 C. 120
5. 14 and 10 10. 18 and 6
A. 140 B. 70 C.14 A. 6 B. 12 C. 18
 What’s More
III. Find the LCM of each set using any method.

1. 24 and 40 = 120 6. 6 and 12 = 6

2. 25 and 30 = 150 7. 8 and 20 = 40

3. 18 and 27 = 54 8. 18 and 6 = 18

4. 10 and 15 = 30 9. 14 and 28 = 28

5. 8 and 10 = 40 10. 12 and 48 = 48

 What I Have Learned
Fill in the blanks, Write the correct word to complete the following
sentences.

1. LCM means ___________________________.

Least Common Multiples
2. In Listing Method, you need to write the common multiples and choose
the _________ common multiples to find the LCM.
least
3. In Prime Factorization, you need to process writing a number as a
product of its _________ using factor tree. Multiply all the ________ to get the
least common multiple. Use only _______ the common factor.
prime factors, prime ,once
4. In Continuous Division Method, divide both numbers by the smallest
________ numbers. Repeat the process until you reach the _____________ at
the bottom.
prime,prime numbers
 What I Can Do
I. Find the LCM of the following sets of numbers.

1.6 and 9
80
2. 18 and 30
90
3. 45 and 27
135
4. 9 and 15
90
5. 24 nd 36
72
 What I Can Do
II. Answer the following questions. Write the correct answer on your answer sheet.
6. Find the first three common multiples and LCM of 16, 12, and 8.
48
7. Jelay works as a food crew every three days, while Louie attends to her job as a
cashier every other day. If Jelay and Louie start on the fifth day of the month, when
will they both report for work together?
20th day
8. The pupils of Paraiso Elementary School collected used plastic bottles for
recycling. They arranged the bottles in boxes of 5 and 6. What is the least number of
bottles the pupils gathered in all?
30 bottles
9. Andrea made pastillas. She wants to put them in boxes of 12 and 24 pieces. What
is the smallest number of pieces of pastillas that she can pack using boxes?
24 pieces of pastillas
10. Andrei needs to buy the smallest number of pencils and erasers so that he will
have exactly 1 eraser per pencil. How many boxes of pencils and erasers he should
buy if pencils come in boxes of 24 while erasers come in boxes of 12?
24 boxes
 Assessment
Find the common multiples and Least Common Multiples using any
method.
1. 20 and 30 6. 7 and 3
LCM : _____ LCM : _____
2. 5 and 15 7. 16 and 24
LCM : _____ LCM : _____
3. 10 and 20 8. 14 and 28
LCM : _____ LCM : _____
4. 4 and 24 9. 4 and 28
LCM : _____ LCM : _____
5. 3 and 4 10. 9 and 11
LCM : _____ LCM : _____
 Assessment
Lesson 2 : Answer Key
1.28 = 2 x 2 x 7
2. 40 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 5
3. 42 = 2 x3 x 7
4. 27 = 3 x 9
5. 9 = 3 x 3
6. 64 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
7. 72 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3
8. 81 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 3
9. 100 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 5
10. 12 = 2 x 2 x 3
 Additional Activities
( Assignments )
Complete the table below, Write your solution
in your notebook.

Method LCM of LCM of LCM of LCM of LCM of

8 and 12 56 and 40 18 and 24 30 and 45 6 and 28

Listing Method
Prime
Factorization
Continuous
Division
 GOD BLESS !EVERYONE !
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR
YOUR PARTICIPATION,
TAKE CARE,ALWAYS FOLLOW
THE PROTOCOLS,SEE YOU NEXT
TIME BYE !BYE!
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