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Lecture 1 CSE 111

The document provides an overview of the topics covered in the Orientation to Computing-I course, including: 1) The basic structure of computers, computer peripherals like keyboards, mice, monitors, RAM, DVD drives, and printers. 2) Different types of computer memory like primary memory (RAM and ROM) and secondary memory (hard drives, CDs). 3) Classifications of computer peripherals into input devices, output devices, and input/output storage devices based on the direction of data flow.

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Surendra kumar SADANALA
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914 views

Lecture 1 CSE 111

The document provides an overview of the topics covered in the Orientation to Computing-I course, including: 1) The basic structure of computers, computer peripherals like keyboards, mice, monitors, RAM, DVD drives, and printers. 2) Different types of computer memory like primary memory (RAM and ROM) and secondary memory (hard drives, CDs). 3) Classifications of computer peripherals into input devices, output devices, and input/output storage devices based on the direction of data flow.

Uploaded by

Surendra kumar SADANALA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Orientation to Computing-I

L T P :2 0 0

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Unit-1 (Computer Systems)
• Basic structure of computer, working
• Computer associated peripherals
• Memories (Primary and Secondary)
• System Configuration
• BIOS configuration
• PC connection interface
• RAID, GPU basics , CPU and GPU

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Structure of Computer

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Computer Associated Peripherals

• Computers are used to accomplish many tasks. A basic desktop computer


desktop includes the computing unit plus a monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
• Add even more peripherals to the computer, and the computer will be able
to do that many more tasks. But, what are computer peripherals?
• A computer peripheral, technically speaking, is any device that connects
to the computing unit but is not part of the core architecture of the
computing unit.
• The core computing unit consists of the central processing unit (CPU),
motherboard, and power supply.
• The case that surrounds these elements are also considered part of the core
computing unit.
• So anything that is connected to these elements is considered a peripheral.

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List of Computer Peripherals
• Mouse
• Keyboard
• Monitor
• RAM
• DVD-ROM
• Microphone
• Webcam
• Printer
All of these are peripherals because they all are extra accessories that connect
with the main computing unit to provide extra power and abilities. RAM,
for example, gives the computer more room to process more operations
more quickly.

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Main Categories of Computer
Peripherals: Uses & Examples
• The type of computer peripherals and their uses determines the category of
the peripheral. The three categories are the following.

• Input devices
• Output devices
• Input/output and storage devices

• These categories are based on the direction of data flow. Some peripherals
send data to the computer, while other peripherals receive data from the
computer. Other peripherals can do both; they can both send and receive
data from the computer

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Input Devices

• Input devices are devices that send information to the computer.


• They do not receive information from the computer.
• Input devices are one-way devices.
• A mouse is an input device because it sends information to the computer.
• A mouse is used to tell the computer which way to move the cursor.
• A microphone is another peripheral that is an input device. The
microphone sends audio data to the computer.

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Output Devices
• An output device is a device that receives information from the core
computing unit but does not send information to the computer.
• A speaker is an output device because the computer sends sound
information to the speaker, but the speaker does not send sound
information to the computer.
• Standard monitors are output devices as well since their job is to display
graphical information from the computer.
• Standard monitors do not send information to the computer.
• Touchscreen monitors are not strict output devices

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Memories

• Memory is the most essential element of a computing system because


without it computer can’t perform simple tasks.

• Computer memory is of two basic types – Primary memory(RAM and


ROM) and Secondary memory (hard drive, CD, etc).

• Random Access Memory (RAM) is primary-volatile memory and Read-


Only Memory (ROM) is primary-non-volatile memory.

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Classification of Memory

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