Functions

CHONA P. SUMAYO
Teacher II
Learning objective:
At the end of the session, the learner
should be able to:
1. represents real-life situations using
functions, including piece-wise
functions.
 Review:
*What have you remembered about
relations and functions?

*Can you give some examples of

relations and functions?
 Review:
Relation is any set of ordered pairs.
The set of all first elements of the
ordered pairs is called the domain
of the relation, and the set of all
second elements is called the range.
 Review:
A function is a relation or rule of
correspondence between two elements
(domain and range) such that each
element in the domain corresponds to
exactly one element in the range.
 Given the following ordered pairs,
which relations are functions?

A = {(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5)}

B = {(3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)}
C = {(1,0), (0, 1, (-1,0), (0,-1)}
D = {(a,b), (b, c), (c,d),(a,d)}
A relation between two sets
of numbers can be illustrated
by graph in the Cartesian
plane, and that a function
passes the vertical line test.
A graph of a relation is a
function if any vertical line
drawn passing through the
graph intersects it at exactly
one point.
In Mathematics, we can
represent functions in different
ways. It can be represented
through words, tables, mappings,
equations and graphs.
 Reflect on this!
1. From the above conversations, which scenario/s
do you think can be classified as function?
2. State the reason/s why or why not the above
scenarios a function.
Scenario 1:
Scenario 2:
Scenario 3:
 *Functions as representations of
real-life situations
Functions can often be used to model
real-life situations. Identifying an
appropriate functional model will
lead to a better understanding of
various phenomena.
The Function Machine
You have learned that function can be
represented by equation. Since output (y)
is dependent on input (x), we can say that
y is a function of x. For example, if a
function machine always adds three (3) to
whatever you put in it. Therefore, we can
derive an equation of x + 3 = y or
f(x) = x+ 3 where f(x) = y.
A. If height (H) is a function of
age (a), give a function H that can
represent the height of a person
in a age, if every year the height
is added by 2 inches.
B. If distance (D) is a function
of time (t), give a function D
that can represent the
distance a car travels in t
time, if every hour the car
travels 60 kilometers.
C. Give a function B that can
represent the amount of
battery charge of a cellular
phone in h hour, if 12% of
battery was loss every hour.
D. Squares of side x are cut
from each corner of a 10 in x 8
in rectangle, so that its sides
can be folded to make a box
with no top. Define a function
in terms of x that can represent
the volume of the box.
Piecewise Functions
There are functions that requires more
than one formula in order to obtain the
given output. There are instances when
we need to describe situations in which
a rule or relationship changes as the
input value crosses certain boundaries.
In this case, we need to apply the piece-
wise function.
A piecewise function is a
function in which more than
one formula is used to define
the output. Each formula has its
own domain, and the domain of
the function is the union of all
these smaller domains.
We notate this idea like this:
 Examples:
A. A user is charged ₱250.00 monthly for a
particular mobile plan, which includes 200
free text messages. Messages in excess of
200 are charged ₱1.00 each. Represent the
monthly cost for text messaging using the
function t(m), where m is the number of
messages sent in a month.
 Examples:
B. A certain chocolate bar costs ₱50.00 per
piece. However, if you buy more than 5
pieces they will mark down the price to
₱48.00 per piece. Use a piecewise function
to represent the cost in terms of the
number of chocolate bars bought.
 Examples:
C. The cost of hiring a catering service to
serve food for a party is ₱250.00 per head
for 50 persons or less, ₱200.00 per head for
51 to 100 persons, and ₱150.00 per head
for more than 100. Represent the total cost
as a piecewise function of the number of
attendees to the party.
 Independent Practice 1:
1. A person is earning ₱750.00 per day to do a
certain job. Express the total salary S as a function
of the number n of days that the person works.
Answer:
S(n) = _________

(Hint: Think of the operation needed in order to

obtain the total salary?)
 Independent Practice 1:
2. Xandria rides through a jeepney which charges ₱ 8.00
for the first 4 kilometers and additional ₱0.50 for each
additional kilometer. Express the jeepney fare (F) as
function of the number of kilometers (d) that Xandria
pays for the ride.
Answer:
F(d) = __________
(Hint: Aside from the usual fare charge, don’t forget to include in the equation the
additional fare charge for the exceeding distance)
 Independent Practice 2:
1. A tricycle ride costs ₱10.00 for the first
2 kilometers, and each additional
kilometer adds ₱8.00 to the fare. Use a
piecewise function to represent the
tricycle fare in terms of the distance d in
kilometers.
Independent Practice 2:
 Independent Practice 2:
2. A parking fee at SM Lucena costs ₱25.00
for the first two hours and an extra ₱5.00 for
each hour of extension. If you park for more
than twelve hours, you instead pay a flat rate
of ₱100.00. Represent your parking fee using
the function p(t) where t is the number of
hours you parked in the mall.
Independent Practice 2:
 Evaluation:
Read each situation carefully to
solve each problem. Write your
answer in ½ crosswise sheet of
paper.
 Assignment:
Task 1: At home or in your community,
look for the at least two (2) situations
that could represent functions. From the
identified situations, write a sample
problem and its corresponding function
equation.
Example:
Situation: The budget for food is a function of the
number of family members.
Problem: Reyes family has Php ₱1,500.00 food
budget for each member of their family in a month.
Express the total food budget (B) as a function of
number of family members (n) in one month.
Function: 𝐵(𝑥)=1500𝑥
 Assignment:
Task 2: In three to five
sentences, write the significance
of function in showing real-life
situations.
THANK YOU
AND
GOD BLESS!