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Chapter 1 Directed Numbers

The document discusses directed numbers (positive and negative integers) that can be represented on a number line. It provides rules for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing directed numbers. Whether the result of a calculation is positive or negative depends on whether the signs of the numbers being multiplied or divided are the same or different. Examples are included to demonstrate applying the rules to calculate sums, differences, products and quotients of directed numbers.

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sandhya srinivasan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
116 views

Chapter 1 Directed Numbers

The document discusses directed numbers (positive and negative integers) that can be represented on a number line. It provides rules for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing directed numbers. Whether the result of a calculation is positive or negative depends on whether the signs of the numbers being multiplied or divided are the same or different. Examples are included to demonstrate applying the rules to calculate sums, differences, products and quotients of directed numbers.

Uploaded by

sandhya srinivasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIRECTED NUMBERS

The positive and negative numbers are called integers.

They can be shown on a number line.

NEGATIVE NUMBERS POSITIVE NUMBERS

−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

7 ºC

To find the difference between a temperature of 4 ºC and a temperature of


−3 ºC, you find the gap between these two numbers on the number line.
The difference is 7 ºC.
The number line can be used for adding and subtracting numbers.

Examples
1 Use a number line to work out −3 + 5

−3 + 5 = 2
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

2 Use a number line to work out −1 − 4

−1 − 4 = −5
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Adding and subtracting directed numbers

The rules for adding and subtracting directed numbers are:

Change  3  5 to 35  2
Change  3  5 to  3  5  8
Change  3  5 to  3  5  8
Change  3  5 to 35  2
Examples
1 Work out 2  4

2  4  2  4

2  4  6
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

2 Work out 1 4

1 4  1 4

1 4  5
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Examples
3 Work out 1 3

1 3  1 3

1 3  4
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

4 Work out 2  6

2  6  2  6

2  6  4
−6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Multiplying and dividing directed numbers

The rules for multiplying and dividing directed numbers are:

Multiplication Division

+ × + = + + ÷ + = +
+ × − = − + ÷ − = −
− × + = − − ÷ + = −
− × − = + − ÷ − = +

If the two signs are the same, the answer will be positive.
If the two signs are different, the answer will be negative.
Examples
1 Work out 2  4

the two signs are the same so the answer is positive

2  4  8

2 Work out 3  8

the two signs are different so the answer is negative

3  8  24
Examples
3 Work out 5  2

the two signs are different so the answer is negative

5  2  10

4 Work out 4  7

the two signs are the same so the answer is positive

4  7  28
Examples
5 Work out (3)2  3  3

the two signs are the same so the answer is positive

3  3  9

6 Work out (2)3  2  2  2

first work out −2 × −2 = 4

2  2  2  4  2  8
the two signs are different so the answer is negative

(2)3  8

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