Development

of Philippine
Arts

(Group 5)
 What is Philippine Art?

Philippine Art is an expression of

thoughts and emotions in a palpable
and transmittable form. The
expression of one’s feelings through
creating out of their imagination.
 How was art changed over time?

Art has evolved over time in

response to the changing
needs and values of societies
around the world.
Timeline of the Development of Philippine
Arts

Pre Colonial Period (900-1521)

Spanish Colonial (1521- 1898)
American Colonial (1899- 1920)
Japanese Colonial (1941- 1950 )
Post War (1945-1970)
Contemporary Period (1970-Present)
 Pre – Colonial
900-1521 (622 years)

• The ethnic art forms are

primarily influenced by
the geographical location
and the experiences of the
Filipinos.
• Archaeological findings,
existing literature and
other proof of pre-colonial
communities in the
Philippines provide
evidence of Filipinos’ rich
cultural heritage.
 Painting
Depending on the region, tattoos were seen as a
sign of bravery, a symbol of social standing, and a
rite of passage.

Wood carving is a carved wooden figures that serve

Sculpture different purpose and not just for decoration - Ifugao’s
bul-ul serves as protection for their crops and for
abundant harvest

The nipa hut or bahay kubo is a type of stilt house

Architecture indigenous to the cultures of the Philippines, it is also
known as payag or kamalig in other languages.
 Spanish Colonial
1521- 1898 (378 years)

• Started when Philippines

was colonized by
Spaniards.
• They introduced formal
paintings, sculpture and
architecture influenced
with Byzantine, Gothic,
Baroque and Rococo art
style.
• Most art are religious.
 First Mass at Limasawa by Carlos "Botong" Francisco. The mural
depicts Fr. Pedro Valderrama officiating the mass in an improvised
Painting altar in the presence of Ferdinand Magellan, Pigafetta (chronicler of
Magellan), Spanish soldiers, and the natives in awe.

Spoliarium (1884) by Juan Luna

The depiction of Roman cruelty in the painting has been
Sculpture
interpreted as an allegory for the state of the Philippines under
Spanish rule.

The first San Agustin Church was the first religious structure
constructed by the Spaniards on the island of Luzon. Made of
Architecture bamboo and nipa, it was completed in 1571, but destroyed by fire in
December 1574 during the attempted invasion of Manila by the
forces of Limahong.
 American Colonial
1899- 1920 (42 years)

• In 1898, the United States took

possession of the Philippines as a
territory after winning the
Spanish-American War.
• The American brought about many
changes in the politics, economy,
education and culture of the
Philippines.
• Americans set out to conquer the
Filipinos through education and
governance -- the public school system
and government system.
 • VICENTE MANANSALA (1910–1981)
Painting
Still Life with Fish and Watermelon
• Still Life- describes a work of art
that shows inanimate objects from the natural
or man-made world.

The American contributions to the country was the

establishment of civil government. This led to the erection
Architecture of government buildings from the city all the way to the
municipal level. Government houses dotted every
community

UP oblation by Guillermo Tolentino

The statue is a symbol for Jose Rizal’s Mi Ultimo Adios. It
Sculpture
symbolizes also all the unkown heroes who fell to free our
country from the Spaniards. This statue for me really captures the
symbolism of being free.
 Japanese Colonial
1941- 1950 (9 years)

When the Japanese came,

Filipinos suffered. The people of
the country were terrified because
of the total control of government
and the educational system.
Freedom amongst Filipinos was
gone, and they were scared to
express their own opinions.
 • Market Scene by Fernando Amorsolo (1947)
The subject is set at wartime, yet this work is part of what has been
Painting
called Fernando Amorsolo’s “Golden Period” which is from about
1920 to 1945. It could have been a typical market scene, but the
Japanese soldier at the left side creates the tension.

• Ocampo Pagoda Mansion ( 1936 – 1941)

Architecture This mansion in Quiapo, Manila, Philippines looks like a pagoda
with a three-storey structure with a seven-storey tower at the
northwestern corner. The vision of the design was a Japanese castle.

• Filipina Comfort Women (2017 – 2018)

Since its installation in Manila it has garnered support from concerned
Sculpture groups, and criticism from government agencies. The statue was removed
on April 27, 2018, which has received backlash. It has since been stored in
the private studio of its artist, Jonas Roces, in Antipolo, Rizal but was later
stolen.
 Post War
(1945-1970)

• Also known as the

"Recovering Era", it
started when the
Japanese surrendered
to the Americans. It is
when the Philippines
gained independence
from the Japanese and
Americans.
 • Candle Vendors by Arturo luz
Painting an oil on canvas work completed in 1954, shows a man and
two women sat crosslegged with their wares. Their bodies are
angular, depicted in blocks of mooted colour.

In 1946, The independent Philippines expressed its identity by

Architecture implementing Modernism through utalization of reinforced
concrete, steel and glass, the predominance of cubic forms,
geometric shapes and Cartesian grids, and the Absense of the
applied decoration.

The People Power Monument is a sculpture of towering people

commemorating the People Power Revolution of 1986 located
Sculpture
on the corner of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue or EDSA and
White Plains Avenue in Barangay Camp Aguinaldo, Quezon
City. It was made by Eduardo Castrillo in 1993
 Contemporary Period (1970-
present)

• At the end of World War II,

modern art in the Philippines
began where various artists used
their national identity as the
common theme of different art
forms in which every artist
manifests the story of the
country through art.
• Contemporary art is an
experimental art which
empowers people to express
themselves
 • Ernest Concepcion
Painting
Concepcion is a studio artist whose work experiments with intense
emotion, deconstructing images in his paintings, sculptures, and
installations.

• Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.

Architecture The father of Philippine landscape
architecture, Ildefonso Paez Santos
created some of the best-loved urban
spaces in the Philippines. He became National
Artist for Architecture in 2006.

• Cowgirl Sculpture
Sculpture Initially trained as a sculptor, Leeroy’s work blends
theatre, fashion, film, production design, and public
art.
 MEMBERS

B16 Meneses, John G21 Conde, Ronabelle G8 Biñas, Leah

Laurence M. Angeline B.
G29 Resare, Nicole V.
G26 Molato, G7 Belo, Sophia Alleny
Matin Vivien C. C.
 References
• https://filipinarts.wordpress.com/2017/10/26/featured-content/
• https://www.google.com/amp/s/theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/t
op-10-filipino-contemporary-artists-where-to-find-them/%3famp=1
• https://www.slideshare.net/pupoy/philippine-architecture-post-war-period
• http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/american-colonial.htm
• https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/180702-philippine-modern-art-leon-
gallery/
• https://www.nbccomedyplayground.com/what-is-japanese-era-art-in-the-ph
ilippines/
• https://investguided.ngontinh24.com/articles/what-is-spanish-tradition-in-ar
ts-of-the-philippines
• https://www.scribd.com/doc/257388180/Philippine-Pre-colonial-Art