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Defining Special Angles Using SOHCAHTOA

This document defines trigonometric functions like sine, cosine, and tangent using a right-angled triangle. It introduces the mnemonic SOHCAHTOA to relate trig functions to opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse sides. Special angle values are then derived for 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° using their corresponding triangles, like defining sine of 30° as 1/2 and cosine of 45° as √2/2. The learning objectives are to define special angles using trig functions and derive trig function values for those angles from their triangles.

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Franca Okechukwu
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86 views

Defining Special Angles Using SOHCAHTOA

This document defines trigonometric functions like sine, cosine, and tangent using a right-angled triangle. It introduces the mnemonic SOHCAHTOA to relate trig functions to opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse sides. Special angle values are then derived for 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° using their corresponding triangles, like defining sine of 30° as 1/2 and cosine of 45° as √2/2. The learning objectives are to define special angles using trig functions and derive trig function values for those angles from their triangles.

Uploaded by

Franca Okechukwu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Trigonometry

Defining Special Angles using


SOHCAHTOA

Ms Franca Okechukwu
Learning Objectives

 To be able to define special angles using the three trigonometric


functions

 To be able to derive the values of sin, cos and tan of special angles
given their corresponding triangles

Ms Franca Okechukwu
Starter- The Right-Angled Triangle
Here, we will focus on three
trigonometric functions that specifically
concern right-angled triangles.
They are: sine, cosine, and tangent,
In theget
which case of SOHCAHTOA,
shortened to sin, cos, and tan.
InThe hypotenuse is
a right-angled still the longest
triangle,
side; the side opposite the right-
The hypotenuse is always the longest
angle
side; it is the side opposite the right-
The opposite is the side opposite to
angle
theperpendicular
The working angle is the side that runs
from
Thetop to bottom
adjacent is the side (next to)
adjacent
The base isthetheworking
side that angle
runs from left to θ
right

Ms Franca Okechukwu 9/19/22


Using SOHCAHTOA

hy
po
sin θ = ten

opposite
us
e
cos θ =

tan θ = θ
adjacent

sin θ = cos θ = tan θ =

Ms Franca Okechukwu 9/19/22


Summarily…

hy
po
If we let O be the opposite, A be the adjacent, and t en

opposite
us
H be the hypotenuse, then these are shortened to: e

θ
adjacent

Ms Franca Okechukwu 9/19/22


Special Angles 30o and 60o
A
There are four angles that are termed
60o
“special angles”.
30o 30o
30 , 45o,the
Recall
o
60oSOH
, 90o CAH TOA rule;
2 2
Given an equilateral
For angle 30o, triangle
For angle 60o, √3h
with sides = 2 units
Produce A
1
to D on /BC/ such that
√3
/AD/
sin 30 = 2 sin 60 = 2
is a perpendicular bisector of /BD/
i.e. <BAD = <CAD = 30o 60o 60o
<ADB = <ADC √3 = 90o 1 B C
2 = 1 unit cos 60 = 2 1 2D 1
cos/BD/
and 30 = = /CD/
For angle 90o,
Let /AD/ = h1(altitude/height) √3
tan 30 = √3 tan 60 = sin 90 = 1
Using Pythagoras’ Theorem,
h2 = 2 2 – 12
cos 90 = 0
h2 = 4 – 1 = 3
h = √3
tan 90 = ∞

Ms Franca Okechukwu 9/19/22


Special Angle 45o
B
Given an isosceles right-angled
triangle with sides = 1 unit 45o
Recalling the SOH CAH TOA rule;

For angle
Since ∆ABC45ois
, isosceles, then √2
1
<B = <C = 145o
sin 45 =
√2
/AB/ = h (altitude/height)
/AC/ = b (base)1 45o
cos 45 = √2 A C
1
Using Pythagoras’ Theorem,
htan
2
+45b=2 = 1hyp2
12 + 12 = 1 + 1 = 2
hyp = √2

Ms Franca Okechukwu 9/19/22


B Summarily… A

45o 30o 30o

√2 2 2
1
√3

45o 60o 60o


A C B C
1 1 D 1

sin cos tan

30o

45o 1

60o √3

90o 1 0 ∞

Ms Franca Okechukwu 9/19/22


Success Criteria

 I can define special angles using the three trigonometric functions

 I can derive the values of sin, cos and tan of special angles given their
corresponding triangles

Ms Franca Okechukwu

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