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Triangle

A triangle is a closed shape with 3 line segments called sides that meet at 3 points called vertices. The interior angles of a triangle always sum to 180 degrees. Triangles can be classified based on their sides as equilateral (all sides equal), isosceles (two sides equal), or scalene (no sides equal). The area of a triangle can be calculated by multiplying half the base by the height. Two triangles are similar if corresponding angles are equal or corresponding sides are proportional.

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Shruti Patel
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82 views16 pages

Triangle

A triangle is a closed shape with 3 line segments called sides that meet at 3 points called vertices. The interior angles of a triangle always sum to 180 degrees. Triangles can be classified based on their sides as equilateral (all sides equal), isosceles (two sides equal), or scalene (no sides equal). The area of a triangle can be calculated by multiplying half the base by the height. Two triangles are similar if corresponding angles are equal or corresponding sides are proportional.

Uploaded by

Shruti Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS

TRIANGLE
Introduction
to Triangles

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❖ A triangle is a closed curve which is formed by 3 line segments.
❖ The line segments by which the triangle is formed are called
sides of the triangle.
❖ The points of intersections of the sides of the triangle are called
the vertices of the triangle.
❖ The angles formed at the vertices are called the angles of the
triangle.
❖ Therefore, in a triangle there are 3 sides, 3 vertices and 3
angles.

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Properties ❖ A triangle has three sides, three angles, and three vertices.
❖ The sum of all internal angles of a triangle is always equal to
180o. This is called the angle sum property of a triangle.
❖ The sum of the length of any two sides of a triangle is greater
than the length of the third side.
❖ The side opposite to the largest angle of a triangle is the
largest side.
❖ A triangle with vertices P, Q and is denoted as PQR.
❖ The area of a triangle is equal to half of the product of it base
and height.

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Types of triangles
The triangles can be classified according to their angles and sides

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Triangles
by sides Equilateral Triangle Isosceles Triangle Scalene Triangle

All three sides are Two sides are No sides are


equal equal equal

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Triangles
by angle Acute Equilateral Right Isosceles Obtuse Scalene
and sides Triangle Triangle Triangle

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Area of triangle

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Sum of all sides of triangle is equal to 180o

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❏ If one angle of a triangle is equal to one of
another triangle and the sides including these
angles are in the same ratio, then the triangles
are similar.
❏ The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is
equal to the square of the ratio of their
corresponding sides.

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Properties of
an Isosceles ➔ Two equal sides
➔ One line of symmetry
Triangle ➔ The two angles opposite to the equal sides are equal
➔ The altitude AE bisects the base and the apex angle into
two equal parts, forming two congruent right-angled
triangles

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Congruence
➔ Congruent triangle are triangles that have the same size and
of Triangles shape. This means that the corresponding sides are equal
and the corresponding angles are equal.

● In the above diagrams, the corresponding sides are a and


d ; b and e ; c and f
● The corresponding angles are x and s ; y and t ; z and u

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Heron’s
Formula It can be used to determine the area of triangle when
given the lengths of the sides

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Similar
Triangles ➔ Triangles may have same shape but not necessarily similar
size
➔ Corresponding angles are equal
➔ Corresponding sides are in the same ratio

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Triangle
Angle Angle (AA) Side Side Side (SSS) Side Angle Side (SAS)
Similarity

If two angles of If the three sides of If the two sides of one


one triangle are one triangle are triangle are
congruent to two proportional to the proportional to two
angles of another three corresponding sides of another
triangle, then the sides of another triangle and their
triangles are triangle, then the included angles are
similar triangles are similar congruent, then the
triangles are similar

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Thank you!!

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