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Pengenalan MIGAS

This document summarizes a presentation on oil and natural gas processing technology. It discusses the origins of oil and gas, exploration of oil and gas in Indonesia, and distribution of Indonesian oil and gas. The key points are: 1. Oil and gas originate from organic materials that were deposited in sedimentary basins millions of years ago. 2. Exploration methods include geological mapping, geophysics techniques like gravity and seismic surveys, and well drilling to find potential reservoirs. 3. Indonesia's oil and gas fields are located across the country, with many major producing basins located in Sumatra.

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41 views39 pages

Pengenalan MIGAS

This document summarizes a presentation on oil and natural gas processing technology. It discusses the origins of oil and gas, exploration of oil and gas in Indonesia, and distribution of Indonesian oil and gas. The key points are: 1. Oil and gas originate from organic materials that were deposited in sedimentary basins millions of years ago. 2. Exploration methods include geological mapping, geophysics techniques like gravity and seismic surveys, and well drilling to find potential reservoirs. 3. Indonesia's oil and gas fields are located across the country, with many major producing basins located in Sumatra.

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claudia
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© © All Rights Reserved
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TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN MINYAK BUMI

DAN GAS ALAM

MAYA SARAH
GUSTAM LUBIS
DEPARTMENT TEKNIK KIMIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK - USU, 2022
*ASAL USUL MIGAS
*EKSPLORASI MIGAS
*DISTRIBUSI MIGAS INDONESIA
TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN MINYAK BUMI DAN GAS ALAM
PENGANTAR MIGAS

1. Konsumsi energi fosil terus meningkat


2. Energi fosil bersifat tidak dapat diperbaharui
3. Konsumsi energi di Indonesia menggunakan BBM
4. LPG vs LNG
MIND MAP-
ENGINEER MIGAS

BAGAIMANA MIGAS
TERBENTUK
ASAL USUL MIGAS
KOMPONEN PENYUSUN MIGAS

BAGAIMANA CARA MENDAPATKANNYA

BAGAIMANA MENGEKSTRAKSINYA
ASAL USUL MINYAK BUMI
 Teori an-Organik (bakteri)

 Teori Biogenik/organik (tumbuh dan Binatang)


 Foram (Plankton/bentos, binatang laut, Algae)

 Duplex (kombinasi)
FOSIL
FORAMINFERA

ALGA
Syarat Terbentuknya migas
 Source rock
 Shale (impermeable)
 Reservoar rock
 Limestone, sandstone,pori pori,permeable
 Trap/Perangkap
 Stratigraphi, struktur
PETROLEUM SYSTEM COMPONENTS
The essential elements and processes and all genetically-
related hydrocarbons that occur in petroleum shows, and
accumulations whose provenance is a single pod of active
source rock.

• Source Rock
• Generation (Maturity) Charging
• Migration
• Reservoir Rock
• Trap
• Seal (Cap Rock)
KOMPONEN MIGAS

Karbon (C)
83-87%
Hidrogen (H)
11-14% Oksigen (O)
Sulfur (S) 11-14%
0-6% Nitrogen (N)
0.2-0.5%
S
H c OO
N
GENESA MIGAS
Elements of Convergent Tectonic
BATUAN BEKU
BATUAN SEDIMEN

Kekar/retakan
Sekis

slate

Filit

BATUAN METAMORF

Gneis
Marmer Hornfels

Kuarsit
Eksplorasi Migas
Geologi Geofisika
 Gravitasi, perbedaan densitas material di
 Deliniasi Area Mapping struktur geologi kulit bumi
 Field geologi:  Geomagnet, perbedaan properti magnetik
 source rock dari bebatuan di bawah permukaan.
 Reservoar rock
 Cap rock
 seismik
 Paleontologi mapping
Prospecting

Before you know prospecting, also


know these two!!

Geologist Geophysicist
Prospecting

What they do?

 Geologist-
studies the Earth-its history, structure, composition, life
forms and the processes that continue to change it.

 Geophysicist- studies the physics of the Earth, especially its electrical,


gravitational and magnetic fields and propagation of elastic (seismic)
waves within it.
Prospecting

Data Acquisition
 Surface Inspection
 Geologic Evaluation Geologist
 Satellite Imagery

 Gravity - Magnetic
Interpretation Geophysicist
 Seismic Prospecting
EKSPLORASI GEOLOGI
EKSPLORASI MIGAS,
GEOLOGICAL MAPP
-Geologist looks for clues like outcrops, which are parts
of rock beds appearing at the surface.

Geological -Geologist studies an outcrop, by mapping the locations,


-thickness and angels
-From this and other information, geologist try to map
-the sites and shapes of rock beds beneath the surface,
and locate oil and gas reservoirs.

Surface Inspection

Satellite Imagery
22

Application of Basic through advance


Geosciences Knowledge
PETROPHISIC

 Berpori pori
 Permeable
 teskture
24

Viewpoint in Seismic Acquisition


25

Onshore Seismic Acquisition Activities

SEISMIK DARAT
Contoh : Kedudukan Minyak dan gas bumi dan air dalam suatu perangkap dibwah
permukaan bumi

Perangkap Struktur Sesar Migas


27

•Stratigrafer
•Sedimentologist
•Structural geologist GeoSciences in Development Stage
•Paleontologist
•Petrophsicsist
•GeoModeler
•Environtmental geoscientist
•Hidrologist
PRODUKSI MIGAS

90 % g
G ASPAL, GAS CO2,
H2S
AIR (H2O) v
PASIR,
GARAM MINERAL
Jenis Minyak bumi
 Minyak bumi young-shallow bersifat masam
 young-shallow,
(sour), mengandung banyak bahan aromatik,
 old-shallow,
sangat kental dan kandungan sulfurnya tinggi.
 young-deep Minyak old-shallow biasanya kurang kental, titik
didih lebih rendah, dan rantai paraffin yang lebih
 old-deep
pendek. Old-deep membutuhkan waktu yang
paling lama untuk pemrosesan, titik didihnya
paling rendah dan viskositasnya paling encer.
Sulfur yang terkandung dapat teruraikan menjadi
H2S dan dapat lepas
SEJARAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN LAPANGAN
MIGAS INDONESIA
Sumber : Pertamina, 1998
INDONESIA HYDROCARBON BASINS (66)

50

PRODUCING (18) POTENTIAL RESERVES


UNEXPLORED (21)
NOT ON PRODUCTION (7) NOT PROVEN YET (20)
WORKSHOP ROAD MAP EKSPLORASI HULU MIGAS
KEMENTRIAN ESDM, JAKARTA 28 JUNI 2011

DR. Andang Bachtiar


WORKSHOP ROAD MAP EKSPLORASI HULU MIGAS
KEMENTRIAN ESDM, JAKARTA 28 JUNI 2011

DR. Andang Bachtiar


LAPANGAN MINYAK DIPERBATASAN ANTARA SUMUT - ACEH
CEKUNGAN MIGAS DI SUMATRA
LAPANGAN MIGAS DI NSB
Pg

Qv

Qa
Qs
Pg
PCsd
Tmu QTv

Cs
KJv
Qv
Tomsm

PI

Qa: Aluvium Tomsm: BatuanBatuan


Tomsm: antar Gunung Oligo-Miocene
antar Gunung Oligo-Miocene
Qs:
Qa:Endapan
AluviumRawa KJv: Batuan Gunungapi
KJv: Batuan jura-Kapur
Gunungapi jura-Kapur
Qv:
Qs:Batuan
EndapanGunungapi
Rawa Kuarter Pi: Batuan Karbonat Perem
Pi: Batuan Karbonat Perem
Qtv:
Qv:Batuan
BatuanGunungapi
GunungapiPlio-Plistosen
Kuarter Pcsd: Batuan Klastika
Pcsd: Batuan Premo-Carbon
Klastika Premo-Carbon
Tmi:
Qtv:Batuan
BatuanTerobosan Miosen
Gunungapi Plio-Plistosen Pg: Granit PeremPerem
Pg: Granit
Tmi: Batuan Terobosan Miosen Cs:Batugamping KarbonKarbon
Cs:Batugamping
HC PLAY CONCEPT IN SSB

South Sumatra Basin Play Concept


Terimakasih@

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